The Friday Effect: Firm Lobbying, the Timing of Drug Safety Alerts, and Drug Side Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 3677-3698
Author(s):  
Luis Diestre ◽  
Benjamin Barber ◽  
Juan Santaló
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Drug Side Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Safety Alert ◽  
Day Of The Week ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The U.S

Safety alerts are announcements made by health regulators warning patients and doctors about new drug-related side effects. However, not all safety alerts are equally effective. We provide evidence that the day of the week on which the safety alerts are announced explains differences in safety alert impact. Specifically, we show that safety alerts announced on Fridays are less broadly diffused: they are shared 34% less on social media, mentioned in 23% to 66% fewer news articles, and are 12% to 51% less likely to receive any news coverage at all. As a consequence of this, we propose Friday alerts are less effective in reducing drug-related side effects. We find that moving a Friday alert to any other weekday would reduce all drug-related side effects by 9% to 12%, serious drug-related complications by 6% to 15%, and drug-related deaths by 22% to 36%. This problem is particularly important because Friday was the most frequent weekday for safety alert announcements from 1999 to 2016. We show that this greater prevalence of Friday alerts might not be random: firms that lobbied the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the past are 49% to 56% more likely to have safety alerts announced on Fridays. This paper was accepted by Stefan Scholtes, healthcare management.

scholarly journals Intrapartum Analgesia—Have Women’s Preferences Changed over the Last Decade?

Medicina ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Jodzis ◽  
Maciej Walędziak ◽  
Krzysztof Czajkowski ◽  
Anna Różańska-Walędziak
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Time Points ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Access ◽  
Women’S Preferences ◽  
Women's Knowledge ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Women’S Knowledge

Background: Global access to social media has supposedly changed women’s awareness about the pharmacological and alternative methods of pain relief during vaginal delivery. The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in women’s preference and opinion about different forms of labor analgesia over the past decade. Materials and methods: The study was designed as an anonymous survey with questions about women’s knowledge and preference of different forms of pain relief in labor. The survey was conducted in 2010 and 2020, with data collected from 1175 women in 2010 and 1033 in 2020. Results: There were no differences between 2010 and 2020 in the proportion of women who wanted to receive analgesia in labor, at, respectively 67.9% of women in 2010 and 73.9% in 2020. About 50% of women chose epidural analgesia as the only efficacious method of pain relief in labor both in 2010 and 2020. There were no differences between the two time-points in the distribution of chosen methods of pain relief. In total, 92.3% of women in 2010 and 94.9% in 2020 thought that they should have the possibility of independent choice of analgesia method before the delivery (p < 0.04). Conclusions: A high proportion of Polish women choose EDA over other pharmacological and nonpharmacological methods of pain relief in labor, and this preference has not changed over the last decade. Increasing women’s knowledge about different methods of intrapartum pain relief may lead to wider use of nonpharmacological methods of pain relief.

“We are the 99%”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Heldman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Consumer Activism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Politically Active ◽  
The U.S ◽  
The Way

This chapter examines the contemporary era of consumer activism in the U.S. that started in the mid-2000s with the advent of social media. Contemporary consumer activism is distinct in its ease of use, transnational focus, effectiveness, and popularity. Americans have become more politically active through the marketplace in the past decade, and this has altered the way companies do business. The chapter concludes that the current era of marketplace activism strengthens democracy through higher rates of participation in the marketplace for political ends.

scholarly journals Upaya Peningkatan Pengetahuan tentang Efek Samping Obat pada Warga Dasa Wisma dalam Upaya Penerapan Farmakovigilans

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
Inayatush Sholihah ◽  
Joko Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Drug Information ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Drug Side Effects ◽  
Know How ◽  
Naranjo Algorithm

The lack of public understanding and awareness about safe drug information and misleading social media news related to drug use is a new challenge that cannot be underestimated. The purpose of this community service was to overcome the problem of the lack of public knowledge about side effects, especially as an effort to implement pharmacovigilance in the community. The method started from intervention to the community included providing education (socialization) on the dangers of drug side effects and workshops on the use of the method of measuring drug side effects using the Naranjo algorithm. The target of this activity was the residents of the Mertoudan, Mojosongo, Surakarta would get additional knowledge about drug side effects and know how to monitor it, also creating people who are aware of drug side effects. This activity increased the knowledge of residents about drug side effects and the ability to measure the probability of the occurrence of drug side effects. The implementation of this activity received a good response from the Chairperson of Dasa Wisma and the participants, who were very enthusiastic to increase their knowledge about drug side effects and the measurement method with the Naranjo algorithm.

scholarly journals To vaccinate or not to vaccinate!? Predictors of willingness to receive Covid-19 vaccination in Europe, the U.S., and China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260230
Author(s):  
Julia Brailovskaia ◽  
Silvia Schneider ◽  
Jürgen Margraf
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Governmental Communication ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Country Specific

Researcher teams around the globe including the “Project Lightspeed” are intensively working on vaccines to fight the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the availability of effective vaccines does not guarantee the vaccination willingness among the population. In spring 2021, we investigated the vaccination willingness and its potential predictors in representative online samples in nine countries (China, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden, U.K., U.S.). Of the 9,264 participants, 79.9% revealed Covid-19 vaccination willingness. The highest willingness was in the U.K., followed by Spain and China, the lowest in Russia. In most countries, the perception of governmental Covid-19 measures as useful and the use of television reports as Covid-19 information source positively predicted the willingness. Further factors such as demographic variables, mental and physical health status, evaluation of governmental communication, social media use, and general adherence to Covid-19 measures showed a country-specific predictive pattern. Recommendations how to increase the vaccination willingness are provided.

Acceptance of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines by liver transplant recipients and candidates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp A. Reuken ◽  
Stefanie Albers ◽  
Falk Rauchfuss ◽  
Pavel Strnad ◽  
Utz Settmacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Liver Transplant ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Acceptance Rates ◽  
Liver Transplant Recipients ◽  
To Receive

AbstractGuidelines recommend vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in transplant recipients, candidates, and their household contacts. However, little is known about the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines in these groups.In March 2021, we surveyed 826 liver transplant recipients, candidates, and their household contacts to determine acceptance rates and factors influencing the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine; 341 patients (40%) and 237 household contacts (28%) returned the questionnaire. Ninety percent of patients returning the survey reported they were willing to receive the vaccine within the next 6 months or had already started vaccination. Only 2% of patients and 4% of household contacts reported refusing the vaccine, and 8% of patients and 9% of household contacts wanted to postpone vaccination because of concerns about side effects. Having received the influenza vaccine in the last 2 seasons was the strongest indicator of acceptance to receive the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine within 6 months (odds ratio 5.11; 95% confidence interval 2.43–10.74; p < 0.001). Thirty-two percent of responding patients reported fear of side effects as a reason for having refused vaccination before.Although the acceptance of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was particularly high among German liver transplant recipients, candidates, and household contacts in this survey, transplant physicians are encouraged to discuss safety concerns with patients who have refused the seasonal influenza vaccine in the past.

Towards identifying drug side effects from social media using active learning and crowd sourcing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Burkhardt ◽  
Julia Siekiera ◽  
Josua Glodde ◽  
Miguel A. Andrade-Navarro ◽  
Stefan Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Drug Side Effects ◽  
Crowd Sourcing

scholarly journals How People Express Grief by Sharing Photographs on Social Networks: A Comparative Study between Italy and the United States of America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Illene Cupit ◽  
Paolo Sapelli ◽  
Ines Testoni
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Continuing Bonds ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The U.S

Abstract: As innovative way to express grief, social media posts about the deceased have become fairly common. However, few studies examined grief photos commonly posted. The purpose of the present study was to examine such pictures, as well as the motivation and reactions of those who posted, among Italians and Americans. Surveys were sent to both Italian and U.S. participants. The U.S. group yielded 262 responses (Mean age = 22 years; 81% female), the Italian yielded 51 (Mean age = 32. Several key issues emerged, such as the need to receive empathic support from other users, the desire to maintain continuing bonds, the wish to remember the deceased, and the desire to share beauty and symbolic pictures. The images were analyzed using content analysis. Both samples posted photos to remember and to enhance their posts. A strong preference for pictures with a positive emotional connotation appeared, depicting the deceased in a conjoint appearance with the participant. Results suggest that imagery used for the expression of grief in social media sites, an &ldquo;iconography of grief,&rdquo; is a popular means of expression for grievers.

scholarly journals The Zoom solution: Promoting effective cross-ideological communication online

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Binnquist ◽  
Stephanie Dolbier ◽  
Macrina Dieffenbach ◽  
Matthew Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
The Political ◽  
Online Video ◽  
Media Audiences ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ideological Polarization ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Society Research

Abstract The rise of ideological polarization in the U.S. over the past few decades has come with an increase in hostility on both sides of the political aisle. Although communication and compromise are hallmarks of a functioning society, research has shown that people overestimate the negative affect they will experience when viewing oppositional media, and it is likely that negative forecasts lead many to avoid cross-ideological communication (CIC) altogether. Additionally, a growing ideological geographic divide and online extremism fueled by social media audiences make engaging in CIC more difficult than ever. Here, we demonstrate that online video-chat platforms (i.e., Zoom) can be used to promote effective CIC among ideologically polarized individuals, as well as to better study CIC in a controlled setting. Participants (n = 122) had a face-to-face CIC over Zoom, either privately or publicly with a silent ingroup audience present. Participant forecasts about the interaction were largely inaccurate, with the actual conversation experience found to be more positive than anticipated. Additionally, the presence of an ingroup audience was associated with increased conflict. In both conditions, participants showed signs of attitude moderation, felt more favorable toward the outgroup, and felt more informed about the issue after the CIC. These results suggest that face-to-face CIC’s are generally positive and beneficial for partisans, and that greater effects may be achieved through private conversations, as opposed to more public social media interactions. Future researchers studying ideological conflict may find success using similar Zoom paradigms to bring together ideologically diverse individuals in controlled lab settings.

Negativity and Positivity Biases in Economic News Coverage: Traditional Versus Social Media

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1078-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Soroka ◽  
Mark Daku ◽  
Dan Hiaeshutter-Rice ◽  
Lauren Guggenheim ◽  
Josh Pasek
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
Information Propagation ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Past Work ◽  
Economic News ◽  
News Selection ◽  
The U.S

Past work suggests that the priorities for information propagation in social media may be markedly different from the priorities for news selection in traditional media outlets. We explore this possibility here, focusing on the tone of both newspaper and Twitter content following changes in the U.S. unemployment rate, from 2008 to 2014. Results strongly support the expectation that while the tone of newspaper content exhibits stronger reactions to negative information, the tone of Twitter content reacts more strongly to positive economic shifts.

scholarly journals When is the “Racist” Designation Truly Applicable? News Media’s Contribution to the Debatability of Racism

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-204
Author(s):  
Danielle K. Kilgo
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Media Audiences ◽  
Linguistic Representations ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Facebook Pages ◽  
The U.S

Since the U.S. 2016 presidential election, journalists and news organizations have been forced to confront shifting racial, social and political climates, and re-evaluate practices and norms. However, news coverage of racism is complex, especially because the conceptualization of racism in society is discordant, and the parameters of racism are heavily debated. News coverage can contribute to this debatability, specifically when it presents issues of racism with certain linguistic and topical features. In a content analysis of social media posts from six of the Facebook pages maintained by national broadcast and newspaper organizations, the present study explores contextual and linguistic representations of racism, and how social media users on Facebook engage with news posted by these organizations. Results suggest representations in news coverage signal a public debate about what is and is not racism. Coverage heavily emphasized prominent figures, while social media audiences amplified Trump’s presence in social networks.

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