The Information Asymmetry Effects of Expanded Disclosures About Derivative and Hedging Activities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D. Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Information Asymmetry ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Disclosure Requirements ◽  
Asymmetry Effects ◽  
Bid Ask Spreads

I study the information asymmetry effects of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Number 161 (SFAS 161), which requires changes to the content and format of derivative and hedging footnote disclosures. Using a difference-in-differences design, I investigate whether these mandatory disclosure changes affected bid-ask spreads. To capture the extent to which firms were likely impacted by SFAS 161, I employ two complementary measures: (1) actual changes in firms’ derivative and hedging disclosures, and (2) pre-SFAS 161 levels of firms’ derivative and hedging activities. Both measures provide consistent evidence that bid-ask spreads decreased more for firms whose disclosures were more likely affected by SFAS 161. I also find that increased qualitative information and more disaggregated quantitative data (i.e., disclosure content) matter more than disclosure grouping and tabular display (i.e., disclosure format) for the observed decrease in bid-ask spreads. Overall, my findings suggest that the disclosure changes required by SFAS 161 reduced information asymmetry among investors regarding the firm value effects of derivative and hedging activities. These results may prove useful to regulators and standard setters as they consider disclosure requirements in other contexts. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.

The Adoption of Financial Accounting Standards for Small Medium Enterprises by Muslim Entrepreneurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Muslichah Muslichah ◽  
Sunarto Sunarto ◽  
Anang Amir Kusnanto ◽  
Sri Indrawati ◽  
Hariyanto Hariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Chartered Accountants ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study aims to discuss the adoption of financial reporting and accounting standards for small-medium enterprises (SMEs) by Muslim entrepreneurs. A structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from the SME owners. 214 Muslim owners of SME businesses participated in the survey. The results show that only a few Muslim entrepreneurs prepared financial reports regularly. The main reason for preparing the statement is for calculating tax, borrowing money, and decision making. An unexpected finding from this study is that most of the Muslim owners are unaware of Standard for SMEs. Users of SME financial reports include tax authority, banks, and owners, or shareholders. This study enriches the financial reporting studies by examining the accounting standards for SMEs in a Muslim dominated country. The findings of this study also have implications for the Institute of Indonesia chartered accountants (IICA) as standard setter. IICA must routinely disseminate these standards to SMEs and also assist them in preparing financial reports

scholarly journals Sharia Maqashid Index and Its Effect on The Value of The Firm of Islamic Commercial Bank in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Pujiharto Pujiharto ◽  
Annisa Ilma Hartikasari
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
The Public ◽  
Index Approach ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Compliance Audit

This research aimed to measure the performance of Islamic banks using the Sharia Maqashid Index approach and examine its effect on firm value. This current research used the Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia as its object, with an observation period of 2012-2018. The sampling method used was purposive sampling. It was done by setting certain criteria according to the purpose of the research and produced a total of 9 Islamic Commercial Banks (ICB) as the research sample. Sharia Maqashid Index measurement results showed the ICB performance ranked from the highest to the lowest were as follows: 1) Mandiri Syariah; 2) Panin Syariah; 3) BCA Syariah 4) Bank Muammalat Indonesia; 5) BRI Syariah; 6) Bukopin Syariah; 7) BNI Syariah; 8) Mega Syariah; 9) Maybank Syariah. The results of hypothesis testing indicated that the sharia maqashid index has an impact on increasing the value of Islamic Commercial Banks. The results of this research provided a significant contribution to the management of Islamic banks, Bank Indonesia, and the Islamic Financial Accounting Standards Development Board. For managers of Islamic banks, the results of this research can be used as performance evaluations so that the goals of establishing Islamic banks, one of which is the public interest, can be achieved. For Bank Indonesia, the results of this research can be used to design policies that can encourage Islamic banks to improve sharia-based performance. As for the Islamic Accounting Standards Board, it can be used to develop sharia compliance audit standards that can guarantee the application of sharia principles in Islamic bank operations.

Stock Option Expense: The Sword of Damocles Revealed

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A. Botosan ◽  
Marlene A. Plumlee
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Stock Option ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Financial Accounting Standards Board ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Earnings Per Share ◽  
Disclosure Requirements ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
Fortune Magazine

Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 is one of the most controversial accounting standards ever issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB 1995) (SFAS No. 123, para. 376). More than five years have passed since SFAS No. 123 first required firms to either recognize or disclose stock option expense based on the fair value of options granted. In light of the fractious debate surrounding its passage and ongoing differences of opinion regarding the usefulness of stock option expense data, this paper reports how the standard impacts firm performance. This study examines the effect of stock option expense on the diluted earnings per share and return on assets of 100 firms identified by Fortune magazine as “America's Fastest-Growing Companies.” We find that stock option expense has a material impact on the performance measures for a majority of our sample firms. Moreover, our analysis predicts stock option expense will grow over the next several years, potentially doubling in magnitude during that time. We also document some noncompliance with the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123, finding that 12 percent of the sample firms provided incomplete information during the most recent year examined.

scholarly journals Analysis of Tax Amnesty Disclosures, Tax Avoidance, and Firm Value

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Arie Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Avoidance Level

This research tried to investigate the relationship between tax amnesty disclosures, as mandated by Indonesia’s Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 70, the level of tax avoidance, and the firm value. This research used 34 samples of public listed companies that participate in 2016 tax amnesty program. Researcher used spearman-rho correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression to analyze the data. This research showed two results. First, there is a moderate negative relationship between tax amnesty disclosure level and tax avoidance level, indicate that necessity for tax amnesty disclosure will be reduced if the company had the lower level of tax avoidance. Second, this research also showed that tax avoidance level and tax amnesty disclosure level had the negative significant effect toward firm value. It is implied that tax amnesty and tax avoidance were two negative actions that reduce the investor trust’s in the company.

The Impact of Mandatory IFRS Adoption on IPOs in Global Capital Markets

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 1365-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun A. Hong ◽  
Mingyi Hung ◽  
Gerald J. Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Ipo Underpricing ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Global Capital ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
Accounting Changes ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: This study examines the impact of mandatory IFRS adoption on IPO underpricing and the relative amount of IPO capital raised in foreign markets. Using a difference-in-differences design, we find a decrease in IPO underpricing and an increase in the relative proceeds from foreign markets following mandatory IFRS adoption. We also find that mandatory IFRS adoption has a greater impact on IPO underpricing and relative foreign proceeds for firms in countries with a larger number of accounting changes, and this relation is more pronounced among firms in countries with stronger implementation credibility. In addition, we find that the decrease in underpricing associated with mandatory IFRS adoption holds for both domestic IPOs and global IPOs, and this effect is more pronounced for global IPOs than for domestic IPOs. Overall, our study contributes to the literature by documenting the impact of changes in financial accounting standards on IPO underpricing and capital market globalization.

scholarly journals The Adoption of Financial Accounting Standards for Small Medium Enterprises by Muslim Entrepreneurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Muslichah Muslichah ◽  
Sunarto Sunarto ◽  
Anang Amir Kusnanto ◽  
Sri Indrawati ◽  
Hariyanto Hariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Unexpected Finding ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Chartered Accountants ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This study aims to discuss the adoption of financial reporting and accounting standards for small-medium enterprises (SMEs) by Muslim entrepreneurs. A structured questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data from the SME owners. 214 Muslim owners of SME businesses participated in the survey. The results show that only a few Muslim entrepreneurs prepared financial reports regularly. The main reason for preparing the statement is for calculating tax, borrowing money, and decision making. An unexpected finding from this study is that most of the Muslim owners are unaware of Standard for SMEs. Users of SME financial reports include tax authority, banks, and owners, or shareholders. This study enriches the financial reporting studies by examining the accounting standards for SMEs in a Muslim dominated country. The findings of this study also have implications for the Institute of Indonesia chartered accountants (IICA) as standard setter. IICA must routinely disseminate these standards to SMEs and also assist them in preparing financial reports

scholarly journals Penerapan sistem akuntansi keuangan daerah pada Badan Perencanaan Penelitian dan Pengembangan di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Jinnyfer Tumbel ◽  
Sifrid Pangemanan ◽  
Stanly Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Government Accounting

Genaral demand for accountability is one of the factor that driven the development of public sector accounting in Indonesia. Government Regulation No. 71 of 2010 concerning Government Accounting Standards explains that government financial reports must provide information that is useful for users. Quality financial reports require an adequate regional financial accounting system, because the system is supporting the creation of transparent and accountable regional financial management. Through the application of the regional financial accounting system, it is expected to be able to carry out its duties and functions so that Good Governance is created. This study used descriptive qualitative research that aims to reveal qualitative information so that it emphasizes the application of regional financial accounting systems and implemented interviews and documentation for getting the data. The results of this study indicate that the application of the regional financial accounting system is in accordance with applicable regulations.

scholarly journals Analysis of Tax Amnesty Disclosures, Tax Avoidance, and Firm Value

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Arie Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Avoidance Level

This research tried to investigate the relationship between tax amnesty disclosures, as mandated by Indonesia’s Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 70, the level of tax avoidance, and the firm value. This research used 34 samples of public listed companies that participate in 2016 tax amnesty program. Researcher used spearman-rho correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression to analyze the data. This research showed two results. First, there is a moderate negative relationship between tax amnesty disclosure level and tax avoidance level, indicate that necessity for tax amnesty disclosure will be reduced if the company had the lower level of tax avoidance. Second, this research also showed that tax avoidance level and tax amnesty disclosure level had the negative significant effect toward firm value. It is implied that tax amnesty and tax avoidance were two negative actions that reduce the investor trust’s in the company.

Competitive Harm and Companies' Positions on SFAS No. 131

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ettredge ◽  
Soo Young Kwon ◽  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Disclosure Requirements ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Segment Disclosure ◽  
Comment Letters ◽  
Segment Disclosures

This paper examines companies' positions on the Financial Accounting Standards Board's (FASB) exposure draft (ED) for SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. Companies' lobbying positions are obtained from comment letters sent in response to the FASB's 1996 request for input on the ED. We relate these positions to variables proxying for the likelihood a firm will be required to make its segment disclosures more informative and the potential for competitive harm, given the changes in segment disclosures' informativeness. We find that companies' lobbying positions toward the ED are explained by proxies for expected changes in segment disclosure when the standard described in the ED is adopted and by proxies for expected competitive harm related to the disclosure requirements in the new standard. These results imply that companies' responses to the FASB's ED were motivated by self-interest related to costs potentially imposed on them by the proposed new standard.

Pengakuan Pendapatan dan Biaya dalam Kaitannya dengan Penentuan Laba Perusahaan Ekspedisi (Studi Kasus pada PT. EMKL Jelutung Subur)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yuli Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Recognition Method ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Storage Service ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Accrual Basis

Revenue and cost recognitions is the most important thing to be done by an entity,  time and the recognition method must be based on the rules from Financial Accounting Standards. Revenue and cost recognition which is done by PT. EMKL Jelutung Subur located on Pangkalpinang, Bangka Belitung province is done by using the accrual basis, and it can be seen with its influences to company profits every year.  This research is useful to get a data and information for preparing this thesis and improving my knowledge and also for comparing between theories accepted against facts applied in the field.  The result of this research shows that PT. EMKL Jelutung Subur has implemented one of the revenue and cost recognition method (accrual basis) continually, so that profit accuracy is accountable to be used for developing this kind of expedition business in order to become a better company. The accuracy is evaluated because all revenues received and cost spent  have clear evidence and found in the period of time.  The evaluation shows there is one thing that miss from revenue and cost recognition done by PT. EMKL Jelutung Subur, that is charge to the customers who use the storage service temporary, because some customers keep their goods for a long time in the warehouse, and it will increase the costs of loading, warehouse maintenance, damaged goods and decreasing a quantity of goods. If the storage service is charged to the customers, PT. EMKL Jelutung Subur will earn additional revenue to cover all the expenses above

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