scholarly journals Gender Stereotype in Joyce Lebra’s The Scent of Sake

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Fais Wahidatul Arifatin
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Mary Wollstonecraft ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Japanese Family ◽  
Liberal Feminism ◽  
Family Culture ◽  
Negative Beliefs

Gender stereotype should be understood as negative beliefs shared by a particular group due to over-simplification and generalization. In this study, gender stereotype is used to mean negative beliefs toward women, which is based on their sexual or gender identity instead of their personal quality and individual competence. The writer try to show that in The Scent of Sake by Joyce Lebra is considered as a novel depicting the issue of gender stereotype in Japanese family culture, especially in managing the sake business which is represented trough Rie as the main character. Hence, in this study try to answer What are gender stereotypes experienced by Rie as reflected in Joyce Lebra’s The Scent of Sake and how does Rie struggle against gender stereotype as reflected in the novel. The research design used by the writer is literary criticism; it is liberal feminism especially the theory of Mary Wollstonecraft. The results of the study show that women as represented by Rie, is stereotyped in the family’s sake business through many negative stigmas. Such stereotypes have given negative influences toward Rie in terms of marginalization in management, in educational access and women’s lack of decision making in marriage. To reduce the effects, Rie struggles against gender stereotype by performing the stereotypes. Through considerable struggles, Rie has proven that women should not be viewed as inferior to men. Rie has tried very hard to play an active role as a subject in her own family’s business of sake production.

scholarly journals Gender Stereotype and Distribution of Masculinity Discourse in Novel Balada Si Roy; Joe By Gola Gong

ALAYASASTRA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Ilham Mahendra
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Cultural Socialization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Male Image

This paper is based on the readings of typical male issues raised in novel Balada Si Roy: Joe as a reflection and representation of masculine narratives. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the reflection of gender stereotypes, especially masculine, and the spread of masculinity discourse. This paper use sociological approach, focusing on the use of theories of gender stereotypes (good or bad man) and masculinity (how to be a man). The results obtained that the author offers a coherence of male image through his work, to provide fantasies for the process of gender actualization. In other words, the author is a representation of a socio-cultural-socialization- of how to become a man. It is reflected by Roy's character as a good man icon, because it reflects how to be man. Thus, the novel BSR:J is an agent that reproduces the masculine image in order to preserve and spread dominant groups narratives, in this case patriarchal.

An investigation of STEM Interest, Mathematics Beliefs and gender stereotypes among pre-service early childhood educators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Delahunty ◽  
Máire Ní Ríordáin ◽  
Mark Prendergast
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Early Childhood Teacher ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Stem Interest

BackgroundThe underrepresentation of women in STEM fields is a pervasive global issue. Despite evidence casting doubt on the preconceived notions that males outperform females in these domains, gender stereotype beliefs persist and have been highlighted as potential cultural barriers limiting females opportunities. Gender stereotype and ability beliefs emerge in early childhood and recent evidence has highlighted early childhood education as a promising period for the cultivation of positive STEM dispositions. AimsThis study investigated gender stereotype beliefs, mathematical self-beliefs and STEM attitudes among a sample of pre-service early childhood teachers to assess the existence of stereotype endorsements and predictive relationships with STEM interests.SampleParticipants were pre-service early childhood teacher (N=74), mean age 21.17 years, 4 males and 70 femalesMethodsElectronic surveys utilising a series of pre-established scales, measuring gender stereotype bias from ability and cultural perspectives, mathematical self-belief variables (self-efficacy, self-concept, anxiety), and interest in STEM, were distributed. ResultsRegression analysis reveal previous level of mathematical study at secondary school, social persuasions as a sources of self-efficacy and gender stereotype endorsements as significant predictors of overall attitude to STEMConclusions Findings suggest the importance of previous school experience and social influences as well as participants’ gender stereotype endorsements in influencing interest in STEM. These data are discussed in light of implications for teachers; future practice and teacher education

ISU FEMINISME DALAM NOVEL PUTRI KARYA PUTU WIJAYA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Arriyanti Arriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
Women Rights

This paper discusses about issues of feminism in a novel titled Putri written by Putu Wijaya. The discussing about women issues will be analyzed by applying feminism ways of thinking. Issues of feminism will be seen by looking at the main character of the novel. Feminism issues in the novel appear because of the behavior and attitude of the heroine in struggling her will. The rejection toward different gender stereotypes which tends to cut women rights as human being and member of society is the reflection of the heroine‘s attitude.AbstrakTulisan ini mengkaji isu feminisme yang terkandung di dalam novel Putri karya Putu Wijaya. Pembahasan wacana perempuan ini dikupas dengan memanfaatkan kajian feminis. Isu feminisme ini diamati dari tokoh utama cerita, yaitu Putri. Isu feminisme dalam novel Putri muncul karena adanya sikap dan perilaku tokoh utama perempuan dalam mewujudkan dan memperjuangkan keinginannya. Penolakan terhadap perbedaan stereotip gender yang cenderung mengebiri hak-hak perempuan sebagai manusia dan anggota masyarakat merupakan wujud perilaku tersebut.

Poetics of literary dream in Sigizmund Krzhizhanovsky’s novel “Sideline”

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-143
Author(s):  
M. A. Lipina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Symbolic Function ◽  
Original Idea ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City

The paper is dedicated to studying the oneiric text of S. Krzhizhanovsky’s novel “Sideline.” The topicality of the research is due to modern literary criticism interest in examining various aspects of artistic hypnology of Russian writers, as well as studying the works of “returned” authors, including S. Krzhizhanovsky. The realization specifics of the structural model of the literary dream in question can be presented as the following scheme: unconscious falling asleep – dream-journey – awakening by falling down. Different variants of artistic implementation of the main metaphors connected with dreaming are analyzed: “dream-life” in the image of briefcase-cushion and the image of “million-brained” dream of equality and brotherhood; “dream-death” in the image of the leader of a dream world, with the prevalence of thanatological vocabulary in the description of the city of dreams. The ways of imitating the space of real dreaming in the oneiric text of the novel are studied: awakening by falling, sudden muteness of characters, sudden change of location, etc. Also, the specifics of using the plot device of an unannounced dream is considered contributing to the illusion of “reality” of everything that happens to the character in the city of dreams. An attempt is made to consider the oneirotop of the novel in terms of classification by genre and function, plot and composition, images and esthetics and characters, as well as artistic functions of dreams in the literature (plot function, psychological function, idea, and symbolic function). The oneiric text of Krzhizhanosky’s novel “Sideline” is viewed as an artistic realization of the author’s original idea of the subconscious, dreamy origin of a communist utopia.

Holivudo Kultūros atspindžiai tarpukario Lietuvos periodikoje

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-180
Author(s):  
Gabija Bankauskaitė ◽  
Aistė Kikilaitė
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Stereotype ◽  
Sexual Revolution ◽  
Young Girls ◽  
Male Stereotypes ◽  
Female Stereotypes ◽  
Individual Needs ◽  
Critical Situations

This article gives an overview of modern American society’s impact on the culture of interwar Lithuania; it studies how Hollywood formed Lithuanian gender stereotypes, reflected in periodicals and advertisements (1918–1940). The influence of Hollywood culture on interwar Lithuanian stereotypes has not been studied thoroughly. This work analyses the stereotypes found in selected periodicals by using gender stereotype theories and illustrating them with photographs and excerpts. One of the most popular interwar Lithuanian female stereotypes was based on the Hollywood idol Greta Garbo. She created a stereotype of a cruel, self-confident, modern woman. This article also discusses the Hollywood-based body cult, which became a goal for many Lithuanian women. After the analysis of advertisements, another tendency was noticed – young girls’ desire to become famous. Hollywood also formed three different male stereotypes: the caveman, the womanizer, and the gentleman. These modern stereotypes stand in contradiction with traditional manly virtues, they emphasize compassion and empathy, which are very important in critical situations. During the study, it was determined that Hollywood culture’s stereotypes began a sexual revolution. These stereotypes altered the concept of a traditional relationship through Lithuanian periodicals – it became much more open and oriented towards satisfying individual needs.

Mary Shelley's Frankenstein

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Lord Byron ◽  
Mary Wollstonecraft ◽  
William Godwin ◽  
Gothic Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Ghost Stories ◽  
Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley ◽  
Story Writing

Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley conceived of the central idea for Frankenstein; or, the Modern Prometheus—most often referred to simply as Frankenstein—during the summer of 1816 while vacationing on Lake Geneva in Switzerland. It is her first and most famous novel. Although the assertion is debatable, some scholars have argued that Frankenstein is the first work of modern science fiction. Shelley was inspired to write Frankenstein in response to a “ghost story” writing contest between herself, Percy Shelley, Percy Shelley’s physician and friend John Polidori, and Lord Byron, who were trapped indoors reading German ghost stories as the result of inclement weather. Polidori’s contribution to this contest, “The Vampyre: A Tale” (1819), influenced the development of Gothic literature. According to Shelley, she drew inspiration from a nightmare she had, which she attributed to discussions she overheard between Percy and Byron regarding experiments with electricity and animation. Shelley began working on the novel when she returned home to England in September, and the book’s first edition was published anonymously in 1818. Shelley’s father William Godwin made minor revisions for a second edition in 1821; and Shelley herself made more substantial changes for the third edition in 1831. The story is told through an epistolary frame, and follows Victor Frankenstein, a university student of the “unhallowed arts” who assembles, animates, and abandons an unnamed human-like creature. The creature goes on to haunt his creator both literally and metaphorically. Over the past two hundred years, the story has been widely influential, and re-interpreted in various forms of culture and media. In literary studies, scholars have discussed which edition of the text is the “truest” to Mary Shelley’s intended vision. The novel has been analyzed for its messages about human pride and hubris, the pursuit of knowledge, the nature/nurture question, as put forth by Rousseau, ethical questions in medicine and science, and family, gender, and reproduction, among other topics.

scholarly journals The Concept of Victorianism in A. S. Byatt’s “Posession”

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Victorian Novel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Victorian England ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
English Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Postmodern Novel ◽  
Current Research Interest

The late 1990s – early 2000s was a time of numerous projects dedicated to the Victorian age and the Victorian novel as a specific phenomenon that inspires the modern novel development. The English postmodern novel with its typical narrative, time transferal to Victorian England, weaving of time layers, invokes current research interest. The relevance of this study is caused by considerable interest of researchers in the Victorian era heritage and by need of a comprehensive study of Victorian linguoculture and its implementation in the modern English novel. The Victorian text influences a new genre of the novel that reflects the gravity of modern English prose to the traditional literature of Victorian era, assumed to be particularly important in this context. The analysis of A. S. Byatt’s “Possession” in the Russian literary criticism was made only by O. A. Tolstykh; in the Ukrainian science, this work was investigated by O. Boynitska in the context of searching the past, so this subject is not investigated enough, and in our opinion is new and relevant, especially from the perspective of the “Victorian era” concept embodied in the novel. The aim of the paper is to analyze the “Victorian era” concept peculiarities in the intercultural context, on the basis of A. S. Byatt’s “Possession” as a Victorian novel. The paper takes into account the reproduction of concepts of Marriage, Home, Family, Freedom, Life, as components of “Victorian era.” The Victorian family is often represented through the place of their dwelling; therefore, the great Victorians’ works are overwhelmed by interior descriptions (Dombey’s house, Miss Havisham’s home, Mr. Rochester’s Castle). However, in “Possession,” there is an obvious contrast of Victorian buildings to the same structures in the XX century: the past prime – the modern decline. All the secrets and delusions hidden behind the facades of supposedly respectable buildings result in distorting facts and, to some extent, to violating the rights of ownership to the memories of the past. This gives another meaning to the title of the novel – “possession,” that is ownership, possession of letters, memory, truth.

scholarly journals MELAWAN STIGMA INFERIORITAS PEREMPUAN: KAJIAN NOVEL MIDAH (SI MANIS BERGIGI EMAS) KARYA PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER DAN NOVEL DI BALIK KERLING SAATIRAH KARYA NINIK M. KUNTARTO

LITERA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-436
Author(s):  
Robiatul Adawiyah ◽  
Muakibatul Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Arranged Marriage ◽  
Unfair Treatment ◽  
Feminist Literary Criticism ◽  
Pramoedya Ananta Toer ◽  
Female Figures ◽  
Data Grouping ◽  
The Times

Seiring berkembangnya zaman, tradisi yang mengengkang kebebasan kaum perempuan mulai diperjuangkan untuk dihapuskan melalui gerakan feminisme. Penyuaraan hak-hak perempuan tidak hanya dilakukan melalui gerakan-gerakan secara nyata, namun juga dilakukan secara halus dengan memasukkan ideologi-ideologi feminsime melalui karya sastra. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk ketidakadilan gender dan bentuk perlawanan perempuan terhadap stigma inferioritas yang selama ini melekat pada diri perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kritik sastra feminis. Sumber data penelitian adalah novel Midah (Si Manis Bergigi Emas) karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer dan novel Di Balik Kerling Saatirah karya Ninik M. Kuntarto. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data-data bentuk feminisme yang ada di dalam kedua novel tersebut adalah dengan membaca kritis dan membaca berkesinambungan. Analisis dilakukan dengan cara (1) kodifikasi data, (2) pengelompokan data, (3) interpretasi makna teks, (4) deskripsi bentuk ketidakadilan gender dan bentuk perlawanan gender, serta (5) penyimpulan hasil analsisis. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, ketidakadilan gender dialami oleh dua sosok perempuan dalam dua novel berbeda, yaitu Midah dan Saatirah. Midah mendapatkan perlakuan tidak adil dari perjodohan yang dilakukan oleh orangtuanya dan dia juga mendapatkan ketidakadilan dari sosok pria yang menjadikannya budak pemuas nafsu. Saatirah mendapatkan perlakuan tidak adil dalam hubungan rumah tangganya. Kedua, bentuk perlawanan yang dilakukan oleh Midah dan Saatirah adalah dengan berusaha bangkit dari keterpurukan untuk membuktikan eksistensinya dan berusaha memperoleh kebahagian dengan cara yang mereka kehendaki tanpa ada campur tangan dari orang lain. Kata Kunci: stigma, inferioritas, marginal, feminismAGAINST THE STIGMA OF WOMEN’S INFERIORITY IN MIDAH (SI MANIS BERGIGI EMAS) A NOVEL BY PRAMOEDYA ANANTA TOER  AND DI BALIK KERLING SAATIRAH A NOVEL BY NINIK M. KUNTARTO AbstractAlong with the development of the times, struggles for traditions that curb the freedom of women began to be eliminated through the feminism movement. Voicing women's rights is not only done through real movements, but also subtly by incorporating feminine ideologies through literary works. This study aims to describe the form of gender injustice and the form of women's resistance to the inferiority stigma that has been attached to women. This study uses a feminist literary criticism approach. Sources of research data are the novel Midah (Si Manis Bergigi Emas) by Pramoedya Ananta Toer and the novel Di Balik Kerling Saatirah by Ninik M. Kuntarto. The technique used to collect data on the forms of feminism in both novels is critical reading and continuous reading. The analysis was carried out by (1) data codification, (2) data grouping, (3) interpretation of the meaning of the text, (4) descriptions of forms of gender injustice and forms of gender resistance, and (5) concluding the results of the analysis. The research results are as follows. First, gender injustice is experienced by two female figures in two different novels, namely Midah and Saatirah. Midah received unfair treatment from an arranged marriage by her parents and he also received injustice from a male figure who made her a slave to the satisfaction of lust. Saatirah received unfair treatment in her household relationship. Second, the form of resistance carried out by Midah and Saatirah is to try to rise from adversity to prove their existence and try to get happiness in the way they want without interference from others. Keywords: stigma, inferiority, marginal, feminine

scholarly journals “FATHERING JAPAN” :DISKURSUS ALTERNATIF DALAM HEGEMONI KETIDAKSETARAAN GENDER DI JEPANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Yusy Widarahesty
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Security Problem

The phenomenon of gender gap in Japan has brought many impacts of change in Japan from the declining birth rate and including the emergence of non-profit organizations (NPO) action groups namely "Fathering Japan"(Ikumen) founded by Tatsuya Ando in 2006, which tried to present as a form of resistance ideology from the myth of "Gender Stereotypes" hegemony in Japan.Ando established the NPOto encourage present and future fathers to play a more active role in child-rearing.“The priority of traditional Japanese fathers is work ... they don't know what to do even when they come home early," said Tetsuya Ando. Thus, it is important to study this social and cultural phenomenon to understand the whole structure of Japanese non-traditional security problem that can be seen through the “Fathering Japan” as a new discourse. By using the discourse alternative approach to analyze the role of the social movement of "Fathering Japan" (Ikumen) as the resistance ideology from Japan cultural mythology, the study was conducted by using qualitative methods through the Discourse Analysis by Ernesto and Chantal Mouffe.Keywords: Fathering Japan, discourse, Non Profit Organization, gender gap, JapanAbstrakFenomena kesenjangan gender di Jepang telah membawa banyak dampak perubahan di Jepang dari tingkat kelahiran yang menurun dan termasuk munculnya  Organisasi Non Profit  (NPO) yaitu "Fathering Japan" (Ikumen) yang didirikan oleh Tatsuya Ando pada 2006, yang mencoba menyajikan bentuk ideologi perlawanan dari mitos hegemoni "Gender Stereotypes" di Jepang. Ando mendirikan NPO untuk mendorong ayah hadir di masa depan untuk memainkan peran yang lebih aktif dalam membesarkan anak. "Prioritas ayah tradisional Jepang adalah pekerjaan ... mereka tidak tahu apa yang harus dilakukan bahkan ketika mereka pulang lebih awal," kata Tetsuya Ando.Dengan demikian, penting untuk mempelajari fenomena sosial dan budaya ini untuk memahami keseluruhan struktur masalah keamanan non-tradisional Jepang yang dapat dilihat melalui "Fathering Japan" sebagai diskursus baru. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan diskursus alternatif  untuk menganalisis peran gerakan sosial "Fathering Japan" (Ikumen) sebagai ideologi perlawanan dari mitologi budaya Jepang, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui Analisis Wacana oleh Ernesto dan Chantal Mouffe .Kata kunci: fathering Jepang, diskursus, NPO, ketimpangan gender, Jepang

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