scholarly journals Biotransportation of Heavy Metals in Eichhornia crassipes (MART.) Solms. Using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-21
Author(s):  
Hiren Soni ◽  
Sheju Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Freshwater Macrophyte

Biomonitoring study of heavy metals was done at pilgrimage freshwater ecosystems of Central Gujarat, India, to ascertain the degree of 17 metals. The study focused on the assessment of available metals in Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., collected from sacred palustrine habitat (Dakor Sacred Wetland – DSW) of Gujarat, to be used as a biomonitor (active) species, in comparison with sediment (abiotic monitor) for metal pollution. The results were obtained by analyzing elemental composition of rhizome, tuber, stem and leaves of native aquatic freshwater macrophyte (Eichhornia crassipes) along with bottom sediments for 17 heavy metals (Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, Sm, Ir) using Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF) (Omania Software). The highest concentrations were observed in rhizome (12) in assay species of aquatic macrophyte, followed by tuber and stem (10 each), and least content was observed in leaf (8). Toxic heavy metals (Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn, Br, Sr, Zr, Pb) were detected, prone to cardiac, respiratory, musculo-skeletal and hepatic interferences in indigenous human clusters in and around studied wetland. Eichhornia crassipes was proved to be the best phytoaccumaltor species for heavy metals, exhibited by highest translocation factor for Zn, Sr, Zr, and Pb, and bioaccumulation factor for Mn, Rb, Sr and Fe metals. Present research indicates that E. crassipes (Mart.) Solms. is better remediator species for mobility of Pb, Zr and Sr metals. Thus, Eichhornia crassipes can be used for an effective abatement of contaminated aquatic sites.

scholarly journals Rhizofiltration of Heavy Metals (Cadmium, Lead and Zinc) From Fly Ash Leachates Using Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Yadav ◽  
Bhawana Pathak ◽  
M. H. Fulekar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Maximum Removal

Fly ashes are usually contaminated with toxic heavy metals. These metals are leaching out aftercontact with water during wet disposal system, thus polluting the soil, surface and groundwater. In the present study, a hydroponics experiment was conducted to examine the removalof heavy metals Cd, Pb and Zn by Eichhornia crassipes grown at various concentration of fly ash ranging from 10, 20 and 40 percent over a period of 30 days.After 30 days, the plants were separately harvested, dried and weighedfor biomass of the roots and shoots. The uptake of each metalwas studied in the root and shoot separately, to determine the bioaccumulation of metals in Eichhornia crasspies.The translocation factor was calculated to study the efficiency of the plants forbioaccumulation of each metal in roots and shoot. The results showed that maximum uptake of metals Cd, Pb and Zn by plantwasfoundat the higher concentration (40%) of fly ash.The metals uptake found was 99.16, 166.52 and 741.04 μg g-1 tissues in the roots, respectively and 33.46, 41.33 and 255.90 μgg-1 tissues in the shoots, respectively and successfullyremoved up to 78% of Cd, 82% of Pb and 70% of Zn.The maximum removal efficiency by plant for Cd, Pb and Zn at lower concentration (10%) of fly ash was 84%, 86% and 75%, respectively.The heavy metals accumulated more in roots than in the shoots by Eichhornia crassipes. The maximum bioconcentration factor and translocation factor value of Eichhornia crappies for Cd, Pb and Zn were calculated as 705.55, 705.55 and 614.51 and 41.86, 47.18 and 34.53 respectively. The high removal efficiencies of heavy metals Cd, Pb and Zn was find without toxic effect by this aquatic macrophyte, thisplant can be recommended for the actual treatment of fly ash leachatesin ash pond to clean up the aquatic environment.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i1.12187International Journal of Environment Volume-4, Issue-1, Dec-Feb 2014/15, page : 179-196   

scholarly journals Phytoremediation Perspectives of Seven Aquatic Macrophytes for Removal of Heavy Metals from Polluted Drains in the Nile Delta of Egypt

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelaal ◽  
Ibrahim A. Mashaly ◽  
Dina S. Srour ◽  
Mohammed A. Dakhil ◽  
Mohamed Azab El-Liethy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Heavy Metals Accumulation ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Nile Delta Of Egypt

The current study addressed the heavy metals accumulation potentials of seven perennial aquatic macrophytes (Cyperus alopecuroides, Echinochloa stagnina, Eichhornia crassipes, Ludwigia stolonifera, Phragmites australis, Ranunculus sceleratus and Typha domingensis) and the pollution status of three drains (Amar, El-Westany and Omar-Beck) in the Nile Delta of Egypt. Nine sites at each drain were sampled for sediment and plant analyses. Concentrations of eight metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, Cd, Ni, and Pb) were determined in the sediment and the aboveground and belowground tissues of the selected macrophytes. Bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF) were computed for each species. The sediment heavy metals concentrations of the three drains occurred in the following order: El-Westany > Amar > Omar-Beck. The concentrations of sediment heavy metals in the three drains were ordered as follows: Fe (438.45–615.17 mg kg−1) > Mn (341.22–481.09 mg kg−1) > Zn (245.08–383.19 mg kg−1) > Cu (205.41–289.56 mg kg−1) > Pb (31.49–97.73 mg kg−1) > Cd (13.97–55.99 mg kg−1) > Ni (14.36–39.34 mg kg−1) > Co (1.25–3.51 mg kg−1). The sediment exceeded the worldwide permissible ranges of Cu, Zn and Pb, but ranged within safe limits for Mn, Cd, Ni and Co. P. australis accumulated the highest concentrations of Fe, Co, Cd and Ni, while E. crassipes contained the highest concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mn, and Pb. Except for C. alopecuroides and Cu metal, the studied species had BF values greater than one for the investigated heavy metals. Nevertheless, the TFs of all species (except Cd in L. stolonifera) were less than one. Hence, the studied species are appropriate for accumulation, biomonitoring, and phytostabilization of the investigated metals.

scholarly journals PHYTOREMEDIATION OF SYNTHETIC WASTEWATER CONTAINING COPPER BY USING NATIVE PLANT

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1160-1612
Author(s):  
Zeki & M-Ridha
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Bioaccumulation Factor ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Range Finding ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
River Conservation

This study was aimed to assess the efficiency of N.oleander to remove heavy metals such as Copper (Cu) from wastewater. A toxicity test was conducted outdoor for 65-day to estimate the ability of N.oleander to tolerate Cu in synthetic wastewater. Based on a previous range-finding test, five concentrations were used in this test (0, 50, 100, 300, 510 mg/l). The results showed that maximum values of removal efficiency was found 99.9% on day-49 for the treatment 50 mg/l. Minimum removal efficiency was 94% day-65 for the treatment of 510 mg/l. Water concentration was within the permissible limits of river conservation and were 0.164 at day-35 for the 50 mg/l treatment, decreased thereafter until the end of the observation, and 0.12 at day-65 for the treatment 100 mg/l. the concentrations of water samples exceeded the permissible limits for 300 and 510 mg/l throughout the observation. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for N.oleaner was found to be greater than one for all the treatments. Higher translocation factor (TF) were 1.65, 1.73, 2.61 and 2.34 mg/l for 50, 100, 300 and 510 mg/l, respectively. This study revealed that N.oleander can tolerate and treat Cu concentration in wastewater.

scholarly journals Chemical parameters of gourmet salts compared withsalt extracted from eichhornia crassipes evaluated by energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e51
Author(s):  
Paulo Afonso Rossignoli ◽  
Frederico Fonseca da Silva ◽  
Wilson Sacchi Peternella
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
X Ray

Salts have been part of human nutrition since 2,000 b.C., having originated in the Zhongba region, in China. Itssubstantial availability in food markets and stores specialized in condiments led us, curiously, to compare its elemental chemical composition with that of salt extracted from a floating aquatic macrophyte, known commonly as “water hyacinth” (Eichhornia crassipes), whose product, after extraction from dry matter, was popularly denominated“indigenous salt”. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the chemical composition of gourmet salts in comparison with indigenous salt using the energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) technique. Eichhornia crassipes exhibited higher concentrations of chloride (35.834%), potassium (62.146%), sulfur (1.095%), calcium (0.450%), bromine (0.177%), silicon (0.124%), copper (0.029%), magnesium (0.123%), and rubidium (0.023%) than the gourmet salts. Our results indicate that this indigenous salt should be consumed under medical guidance due to its high concentration of potassium chloride, a salt whose properties are used for specific human treatment and not daily consumption.

scholarly journals Phyto-Tolerance Degradation of Hydrocarbons and Accumulation of Heavy Metals by of Cajanus cajan (Pigeon Pea) in Petroleum-Oily-Sludge-Contaminated Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1138
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alkali Allamin ◽  
Nur Adeela Yasid ◽  
Siti Rozaimah Sheikh Abdullah ◽  
Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi ◽  
Mohd Yunus Shukor
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Oily Sludge ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Relative Growth Rates

A pot experiment was conducted to measure the phyto-tolerance and accumulation of heavy metals in petroleum oily sludge POS by Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) on soils treated with five different concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% w/w) of the POS. The response of the plant to oily sludge varied significantly from the untreated control and among the various treatments. The growth of C. cajan was slightly (but not significantly) influenced by the oily sludge in soil; growth of C. cajan at relatively lower concentrations of POS (1 to 3%) was greater than in the treatments with relatively higher concentrations POS (4 to 5%). A significant interaction was observed in the relative growth rates (RGRs) of C. cajan, which significantly increased in the treatments with relatively low POS (1 to 3%) and decrease significantly at higher POS concentrations. The heavy metal content of the plant roots as the POS concentrations were increase show that the concentration of all heavy metals in the roots increased accordingly. Cu showed the highest accumulation with an increase from 1.9 to 6.8 mg/kg followed by Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn, and Cr, which was the least-accumulated. Heavy metal analysis in C. cajan tissues indicated a considerable accumulation of the metals Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn, Cu, and Cr in the root and stem of the plant, with negligible metal concentrations detected in the plant leaves, suggesting a low translocation factor but indicating that C. cajan is resistant to heavy metals. As the search for more eco-friendly and sustainable remediating green plant continues, C. cajan shows great potential for reclaiming POS-contaminated soil due to the above properties including resistance to toxic heavy metals from oily sludge. These findings will provide solutions to polluted soils and their subsequent re-vegetation.

Adaptation of the Egs4 Monte Carlo Fode for the Design of a Polarized Source for X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Platinum and Other Heavy Metals In Vivo

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.G. Lewis ◽  
G. Lewis ◽  
C.A. Oggt
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Main Research Interest ◽  
Kinetics Of

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) has become a well established technique for the measurement of trace levels of toxic heavy metals in vivo, including cadmium, platinum, mercury and lead (Mattsson et al.. 1987). The clinical motivation for the measurement of platinum (Pt) is the need to investigate the kinetics of Pt-based cancer chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin and paraplatin. Currently the main research interest in Swansea lies in the study of the uptake and distribution of Pt administered during chemotherapy of patients with tumours in the head and neck region.

scholarly journals PHYTOREMEDIATON OF HEAVY METALS FROM WASTEWATER BY CONSTRUCTED WETLAND MICROCOSM PLANTED WITH ALOCASIA PUBER

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najaa Syuhada Mohamad Thani ◽  
Rozidaini Mohd Ghazi ◽  
Mohd Faiz Mohd Amin ◽  
Zulhazman Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Global Environmental

Water pollution by toxic heavy metals is a global environmental problem. It has led to the development of alternative technologies for heavy metals removal from contaminated sites. Constructed wetland microcosm by using Alocasia puber is a possible treatment method for wastewater containing heavy metals. Synthetic wastewater with heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn were used in this study. Several heavy metals concentrations (5 mg/L, 10 mg/L and 100 mg/L) were used in the systems. Six different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days) were tested in the present study. The results obtained showed removal efficiencies of heavy metals of >99% after day 12. The removal of Ni from 10 mg/L solutions (initial concentrations) recorded the best removal efficiency. Heavy metal translocation factor (TF) was found to be less than 1 for all metals tested, which confirmed the significance of roots as heavy metals accumulator compared to stems or leaves of A, puber. Therefore, this study concluded that A, puber has a great potential as an important component in constructed wetlands for water contaminated with heavy metals.

scholarly journals Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (TXRF) Method Validation: Determination of Heavy Metals in Dietary Supplements

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Blanca G. Beltrán ◽  
Victor Ramos-Sanchez ◽  
David Chávez-Flores ◽  
Rogelio Rodríguez-Maese ◽  
Edwin Palacio
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Samples

Dietary supplements may contain heavy metals with the property of bioaccumulation in humans. The aim of this research was to validate and apply two analytical methods to determine Pb, As, Cr, and Hg in dietary supplements by Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (TXRF). Methods validation was conducted through a multivariate analysis using a central composite design (CCD) and a desirability function. Critical values for each study variable were established. The TXRF_DS_1 method was proposed for Pb, As, and Cr determinations, while the TXRF_DS_2 was established for Hg analysis. The digestion method with an acid mixture (HNO3 + HCl + H2O2) was used to break down the organic material of dietary supplements. A solution of 10 μg L−1 Ga was used as an internal standard. Excellent analytical performance was obtained as LODs of 0.59, 0.41, 0.57, and 0.75 μg L−1 and LOQs of 1.95, 1.35, 1.90, and 2.50 μgL −1 for Pb, As, Cr, and Hg, respectively. Calibration curves showed a good linearity for all elements (R2>0.999). Excellent accuracy and precision in measurements (% RSD) was achieved. The real and spiked samples analysis demonstrated the applicability of the TXRF technique (percentage recovery 91–108%). Besides, two samples were analyzed in a comparison study between the TXRF_DS_1 method and the ICP-OES method. The results obtained showed good agreement between both techniques. The TXRF technique allows the analysis of toxic heavy metals in dietary supplements, which are marketed in a wide variety of presentations.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Applications in the Removal of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuolian Cheng ◽  
Annie Lai Kuan Tan ◽  
Yong Tao ◽  
Dan Shan ◽  
Kok Eng Ting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Maghemite Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

This study investigated the applicability of maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles for the selective removal of toxic heavy metals from electroplating wastewater. The maghemite nanoparticles of 60 nm were synthesized using a coprecipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Batch experiments were carried out for the removal of Pb2+ions from aqueous solutions by maghemite nanoparticles. The effects of contact time, initial concentration of Pb2+ions, solution pH, and salinity on the amount of Pb2+removed were investigated. The adsorption process was found to be highly pH dependent, which made the nanoparticles selectively adsorb this metal from wastewater. The adsorption of Pb2+reached equilibrium rapidly within 15 min and the adsorption data were well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm.

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