scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of River Beas During Winter Season in Himachal Pradesh, India.

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Sharma ◽  
Yogesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Lead Chloride ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
River Beas

Present investigation was carried out in 256 km stretch of river Beas in Himachal Pradesh for analysis of important physical, chemical and biological water quality parameters during winter season. Parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, alkalinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Colliform and Escherichia coli were analyzed from six sampling stations i.e. Beaskund , Shamshi, Pandohdam, Dharampur, Nadaun and Pongdam in the study area. The analysis of data reveals that turbidity, cadmium and lead, were found to be higher than the acceptable limit prescribed by Bureau of Indian standards (BIS), 2012 for drinking water in India. Colliform and E.coli were present in all the sampling stations of river Beas except at SS-1 and SS-2. All the other physicochemical parameters excepting pH at SS-5 (8.98±0.057) were within the limit prescribed by World Health Organization (WHO), 2011 and BIS, 2012 for drinking water in India.

scholarly journals Groundwater quality assessment near a Nigerian dumpsite

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
O.A. Mokuolu ◽  
S.O. Jacob ◽  
A.M. Ayanshola
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Groundwater Assessment

Municipal solid waste collected in Nigeria are often disposed of in uncontrolled dumpsites and/or burnt in the open spaces and consequently causing significant pollution on surface water, ground water and the air. An investigational study was carried out on the level of pollution on groundwater near Gbagede dumpsite in Kwara state. Ground water samples, GW1, GW2, GW3 were taken at three different locations: 186 m, 290 m, and 326 m from the edge of the dumpsite. Physicochemical parameters evaluated include; pH, total hardness, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids, alkalinity, turbidity, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolved Oxygen, Nitrate ion, Chloride ion, Sulphate ion, Electrical conductivity, Calcium ion and Magnesium ion using standard laboratory procedures. The results of the evaluations were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) to establish its suitability for human consumption. Results fell within the stipulated range of WHO and NSDWQ standard for drinking water. It was however observed that the water quality improves with distance from the dumpsite. Statistical analyses indicated mild differences among all the parameters tested for in the samples at 95% confidence level. Uncontrolled accumulation of leachates from the dumpsite may pose potential risk to the source of water for the community in the near future. It was recommended that the dumpsite be relocated from the current residential area.Key Words: Groundwater, Assessment, Contaminants, Solid-waste, Water quality

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment Using Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metals of Gobind Sagar Lake, Himachal Pradesh (India)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Sharma ◽  
Yogesh Walia
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Physico Chemical

Today the environment has become harmful for the health of living organisms due to excessive pollution and contamination of natural resources. The present investigation has been carried out with the objective to assess the water quality of the Gobind Sagar Lake, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh (India) using physico-chemical parameters with heavy metals of the lake. For this study, three sampling sites were identified and samples from different sites were collected in summer season and important parameters [Water Temperature, pH, Total Hardness, Dissolved Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chloride, Total Alkalinity, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS)] with heavy metals [ Lead (P), Copper (Co), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn), Chromium (Cr) were analyzed. The results revealed that the different conditions of Gobind Sagar Lake in different sampling stations showed fluctuations in some physico-chemical parameters and also in heavy metals. These result depicted that water of lake was polluted in the form of nutrient enrichment which is due to agricultural activities and its runoff in and around catchment area of the lake. There are other many ways that things can end up in the lake as the free style way of disposal of industrial and domestic effluents etc. Results of studies on heavy metals in pollution are well documented revealing the toxic effects of these metals on aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals IMPACTS OF DUMPSITE ON SOIL AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY: A CASE STUDY OF ERINFUN COMMUNITY, ADO EKITI, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
F., F. Akinola ◽  
M., O. Lasisi ◽  
B., S. Awe
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization

Groundwater pollution has increased as a result of poor waste disposal practices in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations in order to investigate the impact of dumpsites on groundwater and soil quality in Erinfun community. Four (4) water samples were collected hand dug well and four (4) soil samples designated Ss1 to Ss4 were collected at distances of 10, 20, 30 and 40 m, respectively, away from the waste dumpsite. Physicochemical parameters and traces such as odour, colour, taste and temperature, as well as Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolve Oxygen, Total Dissolve Solid, pH, and chloride were measured in collected water samples. Collected soil samples were also analyzed for heavy metals such as Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Chromium, and Lead. All the physical parameters of the water samples analysed were found not to be within the acceptable limit of World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard of Drinking Water Quality standards. The chemical constituents tested were within the acceptable limit of World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard of Drinking Water Quality except for the Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolve Oxygen of water samples 1 and 2, respectively. The concentration of trace metals in water sample test were within health limit except for Magnesium and Iron which has the highest concentrations in water sample 1 at 10 m away from dumpsite (61.00 mg/l and 0.46 mg/l). Consequently, open dumpsites are discouraged, and constructed standard landfills with appropriate monitoring guidelines are recommended.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Hebbal Lake in Bangalore City

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 520-527
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Bangalore City ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Domestic Purpose

Bangalore city consists of many artificial lakes which was constructed for domestic water supply, industrial, agricultural and also for recreational purposes. Due to huge population growth, pollution and urbanization the lakes of Bangalore is depleting day by day. Hebbal lake is one among the oldest lake in Bangalore, with its source being rainwater. Hence there is a need to study, restore and protect this lake. The present study deals with studying and analyzing the physicochemical parameters of Hebbal Lake at its different sampling points. The following parameters were analyzed in laboratory using different analytical methods i.e Temperature, Dissolved oxygen, Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical oxygen demand (COD), Electrical conductivity, Total hardness, Total dissolved solids (TDS), and chloride. All other parameters were well within the permissible limits. The BOD exceeded the maximum limit as per the standards 6mg/lit prescribed by BIS. Water quality index was plotted to know its water quality fluctuations at different sampling points. The obtained results revealed the importance of lake restoration and management of the hebbal lake. It was concluded that the lake water could be used for domestic purpose, irrigation, and also for drinking purpose with proper filtration. This paper presents the qualitative assessment of hebbal lake and its remedial measures for water crisis in Bangalore city

scholarly journals Improving endangered antelope habitat through water quality assessment and collaboration with Kenya Wildlife Service

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Tamie Joy Jovanelly
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Minimum Criteria ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Background and Aim: A population of endangered sitatunga antelope (Tragelaphus spekii) lives in a free-range environment at Impala Sanctuary in Kisumu, Kenya. Kenya Wildlife Service park officials suspected that increased demands on outdated sewage infrastructure caused animal drinking water sources to become contaminated which resulted in animal sickness and death. In this study, we complete a water quality assessment on open water sources within the park boundaries to determine if water was suitable for animal consumption. Materials and Methods: For the assessment of water, we measure eight physical and chemical parameters (pH, temperature, fecal coliform, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, nitrates, total phosphates, and turbidity). These eight parameters were chosen because they are used to establish a water quality index (WQI) percentage which proved to be useful to communicate conditions to park rangers, stakeholders, and adjacent landowners. Results: Through 6 months of assessments, data collection, and analysis, we determined that most open water sources are severely contaminated, ranking on the WQI from 46% to 58% (bad to medium). In addition, we compared our data to drinking water standards set by the U.S. Department of Agriculture for livestock to find that only two sites met the minimum criteria. The remaining four sites were exponentially contaminated with levels reaching 10× recommended values for animal health. Conclusion: Following these findings, the park was able to attract money for sewage infrastructure rebuilds that resolved the contamination problems. Sickness and death of free-roaming animals, including the antelope, were reduced.

scholarly journals Ground Water Quality of Gandhinagar Taluka, Gujarat, India

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayur C. Shah ◽  
Prateek G. Shilpkar ◽  
Pradip B. Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Drinking And Irrigation ◽  
Quality Of Water

Present communication deals with study of physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total alkalinity (TA), calcium hardness (CaH), magnesium hardness (MgH), total hardness (TH), chloride (Cl-), fluoride (F-), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and sulphate (SO42-) of water samples of bore wells of forty villages of Gandhinagar taluka of Gujarat state,India. The experimental values of water samples were compared with standard values given by World Health Organization (WHO) and United State Salinity Laboratory for drinking and irrigation purposes respectively. Water Quality Index (WQI) was also calculated to know the over all quality of water samples. The statistical analysis like mean, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variance (% CV), analysis of variance (ANOVA),t-test, coefficient of correlation (r) and regression analysis of obtained data were carried out. The results show that the quality of water is poor and quite good for drinking and irrigation purposes respectively. The variance was found significant at 1% level of significance in case of sodium and potassium content and at 5% in case of total alkalinity and dissolved oxygen among the four regions (North, South, East and West) of Gandhinagar taluka. The linear relation also established for each pair of water quality parameters of studied water samples.

An analysis of ground water quality in a water stressed urban centre: a case of Gweru city, Zimbabwe

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-341
Author(s):  
C. Mukanga ◽  
T. Chitata ◽  
B. T. Mudereri
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Filtration Method

Ground water quality conformance to the World Health Organisation standards for drinking water was carried out and inferred to the health risks associated with use of such quality of water. Water samples were collected thrice a month, from nine boreholes, over a period of twelve months and analysed for physical, chemical and biological parameters. Chemical parameters were tested using UV-Vis photometry. Physical parameters were measured using HI9829 waterproof portable logging multi-parameter meter and biological parameters were determined using the Minimal Media ONRG-MUG test and the Membrane Filtration Method (MF). Results shows that total hardness and Fe concentration were above limit in 78% and 56% of the sampled boreholes, respectively. pH, EC, Ca, Cl, Fl, Mn, Mg and Turbidity were within the acceptable WHO limits. Of the sampled boreholes, 67% were not conforming to the Escherichia coli loads recommended for drinking water. Parametric correlations showed strong and significant correlations between chlorides and fluorides (r = 0.68; p < 0.05), Nitrates and Sulphates (r = 0.78; p < 0.05). There is need to treat borehole water to eliminate E. coli and reduce nitrates and total hardness. Furthermore, analysis and monitoring systems to determine temporal variability and health risks, respectively, needs to be put in place.

scholarly journals Hydrochemical investigation of the wells water in Bayanzurkh, Ulaanbaatar

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Odontuya G ◽  
Oyuntsetseg D ◽  
Khureldavaa O ◽  
Tsiiregzen A ◽  
Dulamsuren G ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
National Standards ◽  
National Standard ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Well Waters ◽  
Microbiological Properties

This study aimed to determine water-rock interactions depending on mineralization and assess to detailed water quality  study of the well waters for drinking purpose in Bayanzurkh district. Totally, 55 well water samples were collected from 7subdistricts of Bayanzurkh district. Determinations of the all sample are performed by water quality parameters such as radiological, physico-chemical and chemical compositions and microbiological properties. The chemical data illustrates that the well waters were neutral to slightly alkaline, and total hardness observed in 46 water samples was soft to softer and 9 water samples was hard to very hard. The hydrochemical data indicates that 53 well waters belong to the HCO3- - Ca2+, Mg2+ type, and others are HCO3-- Mg2+ and SO42--Na+ type of water. The results were compared with National standard (MNS 0900:2018) and with World health organization (WHO, 2017) guidelines for drinking water quality. Among these 25 well waters were overrated by permissible concentration of MNS 0900:2018 and WHO guidelines for the following radiological, chemical compositions and microbiological properties. However, 30 well waters were suitable for drinking water by their permissible value of national standards. According to the Gibbs diagram, all studied well waters were belonging to the rock-water interaction dominance area which was indicated by hydrochemical processes. Баянзүрх дүүргийн гүний худгуудын усны гидрохимийн судалгаа Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгаагаар Баянзүрх дүүргийн иргэдийн унд ахуйн хэрэгцээндээ ашиглаж буй гүний худгийн усанд нарийвчилсан судалгааг явуулсаны үндсэн дээр усны чанарыг үнэлэх мөн эрдэсжилтээс хамааруулан ус чулуулгийн харилцан үйлчлэлийг тодорхойлох зорилгоор энэхүү ажлыг хийж гүйцэтгэсэн. Баянзүрх дүүргийн 7 хороонд байрлах унд ахуйн зориулалтаар ашигладаг 55 гүний худгийн усны сорьцонд физик-хими, химийн найрлага, микроэлемент, бичил амь судлал болон цацрагийн аюулгүйн үзүүлэлтүүдийг тодорхойлсон болно. Судалгаанд хамрагдсан гүний худгуудын ус нь саармагаас сул шүлтлэг орчинтой, зөөлнөөс зөөлөвтөр устай 46 худаг, хатуувтараас хатуу устай 9 худаг байгаа ба 53 гүний худаг нь HCO3- - Ca2+, Mg2+-ийн төрлийн, бусад нь  HCO3-- Mg2+  болон SO42--Na+  төрлийн усны ангилалд хамаарагдаж байна. Баянзүрх дүүргийн иргэдийн унд ахуйн хэрэгцээндээ ашиглаж буй нийт 55 гүний худгийн ус судалгаанд хамрагдсанаас 25 худгийн ус нь зарим анион, катион болон бичил амь судлал, цацрагийн аюулгүйн үзүүлэлтээрээ Монгол улсад мөрдөгдөж байгаа ундны усны стандарт MNS 0900:2018 болон Дэлхийн Эрүүл Мэндийн байгууллагаас гаргасан улс орнуудын мөрддөг ундны усны стандарт шаардлагыг хангахгүй байна. Харин 30 гүний худгийн ус нь бүх үзүүлэлтээрээ Монгол улсад мөрдөж буй MNS 0900:2018 стандартын шаардлагыг хангаж байна. Ус, чулуулгийн харилцан үйлчлэлийг Гиббсийн диаграмм ашиглан тодорхойлоход худгуудын ус нь чулуулаг давамгайлсан мужид оршиж байгаа нь худгийн усны найрлага тухайн орчны геологийн тогтоц болон чулуулгаас хамаарч байгаа бөгөөд ус, чулуулгийн харилцан үйлчлэлд орж байна. Түлхүүр үг: Баянзүрх дүүрэг, ундны ус, химийн найрлага, гүний худаг, ус, чулуулаг

scholarly journals Water Quality Investigation by Physicochemical Parameters of Satluj River (Himachal Pradesh, India)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navendu Sharma ◽  
Yogesh Walia
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Satluj River

Present investigation was carried out on Satluj river in Himachal Pradesh for the analysis of important physical and chemical water quality parameters during November, 2015 to February, 2016. Parameters such as turbidity, total alkalinity, pH, conductivity, magnesium hardness, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved carbon dioxide, total hardness, chloride, phosphate, nitrate and calciumwere analyzed from five sampling stations i.e. First Sampling Station (SS-1) – Khab, Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh; Second Sampling Station (SS-2) – Wangtoo, Near dam site of Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant, Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh;Third Sampling Station (SS-3) – Bayal at the Rampur city, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh; Fourth Sampling Station (SS-4) - Kol dam, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh and Fifth Sampling Station (SS-5) - Wajipur Kalan, Ludhiana, Punjab in the study area. The analyses were carried out according to APHA, 2012 procedures. The analysis of data reveals that turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and chlorides were found to be higher than the acceptable limit prescribed by Bureau of Indian standards (BIS), WHO standards. Higher values of these parameters reveal that the pollution in Satluj river is due to siltation, domestic & municipal sewage, industrial sewage and surface run-off that effect the water quality directly or indirectly.

scholarly journals Comparative Studies of Water and Sediment Qualities of Some Dams in Kwara State

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Abdus-Salam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Water And Sediment

Potable water is becoming progressively scarce due to anthropogenic pollution and it has necessitated monitoring of water quality of rivers and dams as a subject of ongoing concern and research. This study was conducted to assess the quality of water collected from four different dams (Agba, Igbaja, Oloru and Omu-Aran) in Kwara State, Nigeria using standard procedures. Water and sediment samples were collected from three different spatial locations on the dams. The average values of most physicochemical parameters like pH, temperature, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Hardness (TH), Alkalinity, some nutrients such as chloride (Cl-), sulphate (SO42-), phosphate (PO43-), nitrate (NO3-) and some heavy metals such as Cu, Zn have values that were within World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for drinking water for each of the dams while Cd and Fe concentrations were observed to be much higher than WHO guidelines for drinking water. This could be as a result of anthropogenic input. The dams’ sediments analyzed for heavy metals showed that Mn, Zn and Cd were high in the dams, which can be easily washed into the water body through leaching, thereby causing detrimental effect to the consumers.

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