scholarly journals LITERARY TEXT AS A SOURCE FOR UNDERSTANDING CONFLICTS IN CONTEMPORARY REALITY (POLITICAL VIOLENCE AND TERRORISM)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 341-347
Author(s):  
Tatiana Voronchenko ◽  
Olesya Kovrizhnykh ◽  
Ekaterina Fyodorova
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Contemporary Reality

Political violence in the modern world is developing in many ways and in forms that are more radical than ever before. In the second half of the last century, and the start of this current one, the ethno-social conflicts (terrorism being the most extreme) have been one of the most pressing global issues of our time.Various aspects of ethno-social conflict, with terrorism as an extreme form of political violence, are now the subject of artistic interpretation for contemporary authors. The study of literary text for understanding conflicts in the contemporary reality is significant, since writers consider certain factual material in their works. These writers strive to emphasize and describe personal and social layers of ethno-social conflicts, to reveal their peculiarities and consequences.This study compiles a theoretical framework for the study of literary text as a source for understanding the conflicts of contemporary reality. It uses a complex approach that provides a profound analysis of causes and effects, and the nature and content of political and ethno-social conflicts, including the principles of political studies and comparative literature.The authors of this present study conclude that the great concern of the world’s writers about ethno-social issues and conflicts is the inter-ethnic and inter-cultural contradictions that closely connect to the crisis of multiculturalism in the USA and Western Europe. Contemporary writers focus on themes, like the islamization of Europe, inter-confessional conflicts, total changes in inter-ethnic relations, fragmentation of the single universal cultural space, and social and cultural transformation leading to conflicts. Examples include Andrei Volos’ Maskavskaya Mecca, and Elena Chudinova’s The Mosque of Notre Dame. Some authors ponder over the terrorism as an extremist reaction to social injustice or inner personal, cultural, and religious contradictions, as seen in John Updike’s Terrorist and Don DeLillo’s Falling Man.

Right Wing Populist Civic Movements: Western Experience and the Situation in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
A. Mitrofanova ◽  
O. Mikhailenok
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
The North ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Western Experience ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Right

The article aims at identifying the characteristics shared by the right-wing populist civil movements of Western Europe and the USA and evaluating the possibility to use them for researching right-wing nationalist organizations in Russia. The movements selected for the comparison range from party-like electoral actors to unorganized protesters. They include as follows: The Five-star Movement (Italy), PEGIDA and the like (Germany), the English Defence League (the UK), the Tea Party Movement (the US). The authors identified several interrelated characteristics shared by these movements: (1) dealing with local, usually social, issues, (2) network-like structure of autonomous local groups building the agenda from below, (3) ideological ambivalence leading to replacing ideology with subculture, (4) digitalization of activism. Although in Russia there are no civic movements structurally or functionally identical to Western right-wing populists, the authors demonstrate that local social issues and civic responsibility have become important topics for some Russian nationalists (right-wing radicals) since the mid 2000s. The trends of deideologization and dealing with non-political local issues are researched mainly on the example of the “Frontier of the North” (Komi Republic). The authors conclude that some of the radical Russian nationalists are gradually declining their own independent agenda, following local protests instead. This opens up the possibility for right-wing organizations to become local civil society institutions and to participate successfully in local elections, similar to the “electoral break-through” of right-wing populists in the West. Although it is too early to speak about the deideologization of Russian nationalism, the article suggests that some nationalists are ready to mitigate ideological tensions to secure expanded social support. At the moment, nationalist organizations in Russia remain frozen between right-wing radicalism and emulating Western right-wing populism.

scholarly journals The comparative study of advertising American presidency election campaign for both "Barack Obama"- "Donald Trump "via advertising animation film with multimedia

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Dina Ali Mohamed El-Besomey El Besomey
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Clash Of Civilizations ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
American Presidency ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Contemporary Reality

The role of advertising animation film as a political motivate in the contemporary reality strategy through multimedia in the research scale of universal unilateral force" America". and this reflection on the animation industry, which made the US authorities and capital owners as a political motivate towards political trends and political changes within and outside America worldwide , And this impact and reflection of our country Egypt and monitoring the effects and results of modern political changes in the contemporary Egyptian reality, and the need to presence of an national Egyptian defensing resistant to Western ideologies, especially the American ideology, which push the changes towards her interests and her advantages as well as the need for writing the history of our contemporary reality by Ourselves via all multimedia forms until they are not forging for the facts or the history with different ideology of the good Egyptian thought. Referring to the futurology, which was concentered with it by the century . As "Dr./ salah Qunsoua "pointed at introduction Book, entitled" the clash of Civilizations" Composed by: Samuil Hentgton - In response to what the current events causes in the world ,like problems and questions, do not find their solutions, or responses in previous models, samples, tribes, familiar and accepted theories until recently. As the contemporary world status, which America - Western Europe present the motivate of what facts happen and destroy the theories stabilized from the analysis of an interpretation.Keywords: Advertisement –Animation-multimedia -Advertising American presidency election campaign, – the USA president-"Barack Obama"- "Donald Trump "- the Simpsons- propaganda- Video clip entitled "He's Barack Obama He's Come to Save the Day"-advertising animation film"Donald Trump will destroy America".

scholarly journals THE USE OF DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS TOOLS BY LATVIAN ENVIRONMENTAL NGOS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 250-254
Author(s):  
Denis Vasiliev
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Digital Communications ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Diverse Groups

Successful nature conservation requires engagement of diverse groups of stakeholders. Attracting attention of general public and engagement of local communities that underpin sustainable development are between the most important aspects of effective communications by environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs). In the modern world digital tools provide unprecedented opportunities for broadening reach of ENGO communications. In Latvia, many organizations including ENGOs use digital tools as a part of their communications mix. However, it is important to understand to what extent the power of digital strategies is utilised by these organisations. For this purpose, analysis of Latvian ENGO digital strategies was undertaken. The analysis involved evaluation of digital usage by top Latvian ENGOs in comparison to application of online communications tools by similar organizations in Western Europe and in the USA. It was found that while Latvian ENGOs actively use digital communications tools, in comparison with western organizations a range of approaches that make online strategies effective is still underutilised. This may generally reduce reach of the communications and their public appeal. Ultimately, underuse of opportunities provided by digital communication tools may weaken effectiveness of nature conservation at a regional scale. Thus, it is suggested to enhance digital communications taking an example from Western ENGOS by introducing more educational and engaging content in a variety of formats, ranging from audio to video materials. Detailed recommendations based on findings of present review are provided. 

ТЕЛЕВІЗІЙНА КОМУНІКАЦІЯ В КОНТЕКСТІ РОЗВИТКУ СУСПІЛЬСТВА

2020 ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
O. Yatchuk ◽  
N. Kodatska
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Digital Television ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Television Content ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Traditional Technologies

<div><p><em>The article presents the dynamics of the main factors for the development of modern television, the transition from traditional technologies of television broadcasting to the latest technologies. The process of developing digital television and broadband has been technically determined to address the challenge of integrating new technologies into traditional TV content. Ways of expanding the possibilities of interaction between the viewer and the television producer in the context of overcoming the crisis of traditional technologies are analyzed. It is determined that integration, development of mobile communications and Internet technologies are a hallmark of the modern world media space and have a significant influence on the formation of public opinion. The analysis of actual media researches concerning problems of the theory of mass communication is carried out. The phenomenon of «social television», which combines watching TV with simultaneous communication in social networks, is considered. The author draws attention to the disclosure of the determining factors of media communication, the study of the process of feedback from viewers on television. It is stated that the development of modern technologies, namely digital broadcasting and introduction of broadband Internet access to create a multimedia platform that combines Internet communication services and television content, contributes to improving the mechanism of interaction between the TV and the viewer. The theory of the conceptualization of journalism based on identity construction is examined: journalists understand their audience and, as members of that audience, connect with their communities. An analysis of integrated journalistic activity is conducted, which consists of three stages: gathering, editing and disseminating information. It is determined that the influence of the Internet allows the consumer to play his or her role at each stage, thus helping the journalist determine the degree of relevance of the story to himself and to the potential audience. The common features of modern telecontent were singled out and a comparative analysis of the trend of development of interactive TV programs of the USA, UK and Ukraine was made.</em></p></div><p><strong><em>Key words:</em></strong><em> public opinion, two-vector communication, feedback, communication methods, television audience, country telephony.</em></p>

EPIZOOTOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MODERN CATTLE LEUKEMIA

1970 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
V. V. Makarov ◽  
D. A. Lozovoy
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Negative Order ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
National Programs

  Enzootic bovine leucosis (EBL) has been known for more than a century and a half. Its occurrence and registration may have historically been associated with intensive breeding of dairy cattle in Western Europe to increase target productivity. It is known that any limiting intervention in the nature of the animal organism is always accompanied by an uncontrolled and unpredictable change in the genotype of a wider range than the required, particularly negative order. In particular, a decrease in the resistance to macroorganisms and the possibility of the new diseases emergence, including infectious ones (for example, immunodeficiencies such as BLAD syndrome of black-motley cattle and stress syndrome in pigs, the occurrence of scrapie and other slow sheep infections). In the last two decades of the last century, in many disadvantaged countries, primarily Western European, national programs for the eradication of EBL have been developed and subsequently successfully implemented. First of all the motivation was the economy of dairy cattle breeding (mainly the extension of productive age, as well as the tightening of requirements in international trade in cattle and bull products, breeding, pricing, etc.). In an analytical article are reviewed the elements of epizootology of EBL in the foreign countries with special attention to the situation in the USA, scenarios of various control programs, and promising methods for assessing the role of infected animals in the epizootic process. A critical assessment of the problem of EBL in the Russian Federation is given, the reasons for the ineffectiveness of against leucosis measures are discussed.

Concept of Power Decentralization in Political Science and Approaches to its Methodological Study

2017 ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
Halyna Kuzub
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Perfect State ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Structural Functionalism

The problem of power decentralization is up to date in a modern political science. We can trace its historical genesis first in European and further in the USA political ideas. Decentralization of power was considered along with the study of a perfect state system, civil society and local self-government. It is argued that the major part of successful process of power decentralization in the Western Europe was due to the idea nature for their political culture. The article attempts to retrace the history of the idea of power decentralization. As a background of the investigations of such thinkers as J. Bodin, J. Althusius, J. Locke, J.-J. Rousseau, C.-L. Montesquieu, R. Owen, C. Fourier, J. S.Mill, T. Jefferson, A. de Tocqueville and M. Dragomanov were thoroughly investigated. The paper also considers the modern definitions of power decentralization. Likewise the value of structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism and constructivism are argued in terms of further surveys of power decentralization. To conclude, the author opines that civil servants training, their theoretical teaching and moral education have to become the main objectives in perspective investigations. Furthermore, the success of power decentralization depends not only on devoting authority by central government, but also on capacity of its implementation by deputies on the local level. Keywords: Decentralization of power, deconcentration of power, administrative and political decentralization, classical and non-classical philosophy, structural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, construc-tivism

April 20 to 26, 2020 – World Immunization Week

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Oksana Rybachok
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Pneumococcal Infections ◽  
Preventive Vaccination ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Third World

Infectious diseases in the modern world continue to claim millions of human lives despite the achievements of medicine. While in developed countries the main cause of death is cancer and diseases of the cardiovascular system, it is the infectious processes that occupy leading positions in the structure of mortality in the third world countries. About 1.7 million children die from infections that could have been avoided by vaccination according to the World Health Organization. In contrast to the countries of Western Europe, where preventive vaccinations for the population are carried out for a fee, preventive vaccination in the Russian Federation is funded by the state. Immunoprophylaxis includes not only prevention of 12 major infections included in the calendar of preventive vaccinations (diphtheria, polio, tetanus, whooping cough, tuberculosis, measles, rubella, mumps, hepatitis B, pneumococcal infections and haemophilus influenzae, influenza), but also vaccination against 17 additional infections in case of epidemiological indications.

I Like to Solve Problems like an Adult — Global Storylines As a Way of Global Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Ivana Márová ◽  
Lenka Slepičková
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Global Education ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
Motivational Influence

Drama techniques such as role playing or structured drama are widespread and frequently used methods of supporting the activity and participation of students in learning. Less known method which combines elements of drama education with global social issues is a Scottish method called Global Storylines. Within a three-year partnership project entitled "Expanding Participatory Teaching of Global Issues in the Primary Schools by Global Storylines Method" in whichthe Centre for Global Education NaZemi and the Institute for Research in Inclusive Education of Faculty of Education of Masaryk University participated, with the support of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,three principal research goals were followed: Global Storylines effect on the participation of students in education; Global Storylines supportive role in teaching global issues, and inclusive potential of Global Storylines method. In the first cycle of the method implementation the research sample consisted of 6 teachers from two elementary schools and one kindergarten, in the second cycle of 16 teachers from seven elementary schools and one kindergarten. To fulfill the research project the following qualitative research methods were used: repeated direct observation in classes (3–4 observations in each class), individual and group interviews with teachers and students, analysis of written teacher’s reflections of the story episodes and the analysis of other outcomes such as students’ works and photographs taken by teachers. The survey showed a high motivational influence on the activity level of students and their participation in education. Building a fictional community, which is the basis of work with the story, positively contributed to the development of imagination of students, strengthening their cooperation, self-esteem and interpersonal relationships. A linking has been detected between the level of participation and the inclusive potential of the method. Creating a new identity allows students and teachers to secede from existing social roles and gain a whole new perspective of each other. Students appreciated the privileges associated with adulthood, especially decision-making power and respect, while teachers welcomed the opportunity to leave the role of authority and become part of a community of learners.

scholarly journals “A debriefer must be neutral” and other debriefing myths: a systemic inquiry-based qualitative study of taken-for-granted beliefs about clinical post-event debriefing

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Carolin Seelandt ◽  
Katie Walker ◽  
Michaela Kolbe
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Clinical Event ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Open Coding ◽  
Healthcare Administrators

Abstract Background The goal of this study was to identify taken-for-granted beliefs and assumptions about use, costs, and facilitation of post-event debriefing. These myths prevent the ubiquitous uptake of post-event debriefing in clinical units, and therefore the identification of process, teamwork, and latent safety threats that lead to medical error. By naming these false barriers and assumptions, the authors believe that clinical event debriefing can be implemented more broadly. Methods We interviewed an international sample of 37 clinicians, educators, scholars, researchers, and healthcare administrators from hospitals, universities, and healthcare organizations in Western Europe and the USA, who had a broad range of debriefing experience. We adopted a systemic-constructivist approach that aimed at exploring in-depth assumptions about debriefing beyond obvious constraints such as time and logistics and focused on interpersonal relationships within organizations. Using circular questions, we intended to uncover new and tacit knowledge about barriers and facilitators of regular clinical debriefings. All interviews were transcribed and analyzed following a comprehensive process of inductive open coding. Results In total, 1508.62 min of interviews (25 h, 9 min, and 2 s) were analyzed, and 1591 answers were categorized. Many implicit debriefing theories reflected current scientific evidence, particularly with respect to debriefing value and topics, the complexity and difficulty of facilitation, the importance of structuring the debriefing and engaging in reflective practice to advance debriefing skills. We also identified four debriefing myths which may prevent post-event debriefing from being implemented in clinical units. Conclusion The debriefing myths include (1) debriefing only when disaster strikes, (2) debriefing is a luxury, (3) senior clinicians should determine debriefing content, and (4) debriefers must be neutral and nonjudgmental. These myths offer valuable insights into why current debriefing practices are ad hoc and not embedded into daily unit practices. They may help ignite a renewed momentum into the implementation of post-event debriefing in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Conflict antiquities’ rescue or ransom: The cost of buying back stolen cultural property in contexts of political violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Samuel Andrew Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Criminal Organizations ◽  
Revenue Streams ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Safe Zones

Abstract Rescue has long been a defense for the removal of cultural property. Since the explosion of iconoclasm in West Asia, North Africa, and West Africa, there has been a growing demand for cultural property in danger zones to be “rescued” by being purchased and given “asylum” in “safe zones” (typically, in the market countries of Western Europe and North America). This article reviews evidence from natural experiments with the “rescue” of looted antiquities and stolen artifacts from across Asia and Europe. Unsurprisingly, the evidence reaffirms that “rescue” incentivizes looting, smuggling, and corruption, as well as forgery, and the accompanying destruction of knowledge. More significantly, “rescue” facilitates the laundering of “ordinary” illicit assets and may contribute to revenue streams of criminal organizations and violent political organizations; it may even weaken international support for insecure democracies. Ultimately, “rescue” by purchase appears incoherent, counter-productive, and dangerous for the victimized communities that it purports to support.

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