A Study of Work from Home Motivation among Employees

Many sectors are implementing work from home policy as it is one of the effective ways to avoid physical contact among workers and to control the spread of COVID-19. Amidst the stressful pandemic, working from home poses a different kind of stress among both the employers and employees. Numerous studies have found positive and negative consequences of working from home. With or without the pandemic, working from home has become a new way to work. Some industries cannot function well with their employees working from home. Many are finding ways to make work from home a success. This study explores work from home motivation among 53 employees of different industries. The instrument used is a survey. The survey has 4 sections. Section A has 4 items on demographic profile. Section B has 10 items about availability via flexibility. Section C has 10 items on safety through work-life balance and section D has 10 items on meaningfulness through work performance. Findings reveal interesting motivational influence for employees who work from home.

MOTIVATIVE EFFECTS OF MEDIA ON STUDENT EDUCATION

The article is devoted to the motivational influence of information technologies on the teaching of schoolchildren. The article also highlights the issues of youth education, types of education and its pedagogical measures, education of youth in the context of globalization, innovation and youth, the impact of modern information technologies on the consciousness of youth and its motivating factors.

Muscarinic receptors mediate motivation via preparatory neural activity in humans

Motivation depends on dopamine, but might be modulated by acetylcholine which influences dopamine release in the striatum, and amplifies motivation in animal studies. A corresponding effect in humans would be important clinically, since anticholinergic drugs are frequently used in Parkinson's disease, a condition that can also disrupt motivation. Reward and dopamine make us more ready to respond, as indexed by reaction times (RT), and move faster, sometimes termed vigour. These effects may be controlled by preparatory processes that can be tracked using EEG. We measured vigour in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded study of trihexyphenidyl (THP), a muscarinic antagonist, with an incentivised eye movement task and EEG. Participants responded faster and with greater vigour when incentives were high, but THP blunted these motivation effects, suggesting that muscarinic receptors facilitate invigoration by reward. Preparatory EEG build-up (contingent negative variation; CNV) was strengthened by high incentives and by muscarinic blockade. The amplitude of preparatory activity predicted both vigour and RT, although over distinct scalp regions. Frontal activity predicted vigour, whereas a larger, earlier, central component predicted RT. Indeed the incentivisation of RT was partly mediated by the CNV, though vigour was not. Moreover, the CNV mediated the drug's effect on dampening incentives, suggesting that muscarinic receptors underlie the motivational influence on this preparatory activity. Taken together, these findings show that a muscarinic blocker used to treat Parkinson's disease impairs motivated action in healthy people, and that medial frontal preparatory neural activity mediates this for RT.

Motivational regulators of migration behavior of the population

The article explores migration behavior of the population as an object of motivational influence and regulation. The basic types of mechanism for the regulation of migration behavior of the population are determined. The motivational mechanism of regulating the migration behavior of the population with the settlement of ideological and instrumental blocks is presented. The main tools for regulating the migration behavior of the population are identified. In terms of pointing out the intentions of migration, it is improving the competitive conditions of Ukrainian labor market using a financial and economic wage regulator. Due to the practice of migration – it is social protection of migrants through the application of the regulatory legal framework for the conclusion of interstate agreements and control over the observance of their provisions. Due to the consequences of displacement – it is promoting the effective use of migrants 'cash income through re-emigration programs, tax, investment and credit regulators (support for former migrants' businesses and their employment.

Initial Positive Indications with Wearable Fitness Technology Followed by Relapse: What’s Going On?

The motivational influence of wearable fitness technology (WFT) on increasing physical activity (PA) is unclear, and improvements in PA have been shown to be driven by both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. In the current study, PA (daily number of steps), moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity, and muscular strength training were measured over 6 months on, originally, 16 randomly selected sedentary community workers (mean age = 51 years). Moreover, self-determined motivation (Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2) was measured before, midway, and after a 6-month intervention program that included motivational interviewing, as well as the use of WFT and a structured outdoor gym program. Our findings showed WFT, in combination with motivational interviewing, initially helped the participants meet recommended guidelines for PA in terms of at least 10,000 steps per day, and at least 150 min of moderate aerobic activity per week. There was a large decrease in participants’ PA and increase in introjected motivation between the first half (3 months) and the second half of the intervention (6 months). The increase in introjected motivation suggests that toward the end of the 6-month intervention, participants engaged in PA to satisfy external demands or avoid guilt, which may lead to less-persistent behavior change.

Construction of KPI-based motivation policy for advancing sustainable procurement logistics of agricultural enterprises: competence approach

In challenging economic conditions, motivational mechanisms capable of maintaining sustainable logistics management of agricultural enterprises are declining. This study aims to specify the forms of connecting the motivational policy, KPI and sustainable logistics of agricultural enterprises. As a result of theoretical research, we have proved that the competencies of logistics managers can be the appropriate connector. We have considered the hypothesis that there are key competencies that logistics managers recognize as the most important and most often implemented for advancing sustainable procurement logistics. To confirm the hypothesis, we collected data from interviews with logistics managers of Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. To process the data, we used the method of integrated ABC-XYZ analysis. As a result, we found that the AX group (the most important and frequently used competencies) includes the high general qualification and the ability to assess the effectiveness of logistics operations and processes objectively. Unlike other studies, the novelty of the presented results is as follows. We advocate the idea of the motivational influence of performance indicators and propose to form KPI system taking into account the importance and frequency of using the established competencies of logistics managers. Our proposals are a prerequisite for developing a flexible motivational policy for sustainable procurement logistics

Cue-motivated reward seeking is negatively regulated by expected reward magnitude in Pavlovian-instrumental transfer

The Pavlovian-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm is widely used to assay the motivational influence of reward-paired cues, which is reflected by their ability to stimulate instrumental reward-seeking behavior. Leading models of incentive learning assume that motivational value is assigned to cues based on the total amount of reward they signal (i.e., their state value). Based on recent findings, we lay out the alternative hypothesis that cue-elicited reward predictions may actually suppress the motivation to seek out new rewards through instrumental behavior in order to facilitate efficient retrieval of a reward that is already expected, before it is lost or stolen. According to this view, cue-motivated reward seeking should be inversely related to the magnitude of an expected reward, since there is more to lose by failing to secure a large reward than a small reward. We investigated the influence of expected reward magnitude on PIT expression. Hungry rats were initially trained to lever press for food pellets before undergoing Pavlovian conditioning, in which two distinct auditory cues signaled food pellet delivery at cue offset. Reward magnitude was varied across cues and groups. While all groups had at least one cue that signaled three food pellets, the alternate cue signaled either one (Group 1/3), three (Group 3/3), or nine food pellets (Group 3/9). PIT testing revealed that the motivational influence of reward-predictive cues on lever pressing varied inversely with expected reward magnitude, with the 1-pellet cue augmenting performance and the 3- and 9-pellet cues suppressing performance, particularly near the expected time of reward delivery. This pattern was mirrored by opposing changes in the food-port entry behavior, which varied positively with expected reward magnitude. We discuss how these findings may relate to cognitive control over cue-motivated behavior.

Analysis of Society's Fish Consumption in Cilaku Cianjur District Area

This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of fish consumers, analyze the level of favorite and types of fish that were often consumed by the people, and analyze the factors that affect fish consumption which the research was conducted in Cilaku Subdistrict on September – December 2020. The research used a case study method with used primary and secondary data. The resulted of primary data were from interviewed with 100 respondents using purposive sampling method as a research sample. Secondary data was obtained from relevant agencies. The analysis used descriptive and rank spearman test method to analyze the motivational influence for fish price, family influence, and fish quality. The results showed that consumers who buy and consume fish in Cilaku subdistrict were generally women who has a family in aged < 43 years with a high school education level and work as employee. Buyers and fish eaters in Cilaku Subdistrict had an income of Rp 2,100,000 - Rp 3,000,000. Totally, the 57% of respondents in Cilaku Subdistrict like fish to be consumed. The type of fish which usually they consume were 58% of freshwater fish, 27% of seawater fish, and 15% of processed fish. The factors that most influence fish purchasing decisions according to spearman rank tests were the influence of culture, fish prices, consumer family influences, and fish quality.

Set-theoretical model of homeostasis of group activity of operators of ergatic systems in conditions of negative impact environmental factors

Among the most significant system properties of such complex technical objects as man-machine complexes, it should be noted the possibility of unauthorized actions of operators or control personnel in subjectively difficult situations. During operation, these properties determine the need to consider the area of potential situations of control of man-machine complexes that were not provided for by the developers during the design.Traditionally, this problem arises at the stage of the operation of the complexes, when situations of the system functioning unforeseen by the developers arise from time to time. Further, they form the basis of projects for the modernization or improvement of this type of equipment. The purpose of this work is to consider the constructive conceptual apparatus, methods of analysis, including formal means of identifying and assessing the functional redundancy of organizational structures of operational management systems and to develop principles for its use to ensure the homeostaticity of group activities of operators in conditions of negative influence of environmental factors. The article systematizes the basic concepts and definitions of homeostasis of group activity of operators of control groups of modern man-machine complexes. On the basis of the set-theoretic model, the conditions for increasing the stability of the activity of a group of operators in conditions of the negative impact of external factors are determined. The set-theoretical analysis of the functionally redundant organizational structure of operational management systems carried out in the article makes it possible to determine the conditions and mechanisms for expanding the area of homeostasis of the functioning of the organizational structures of control systems, the implementation of which is associated with the methods of coordinating and motivational influence on operators, improving the structure of their information and functional interactions and substitutions (emulation) of the functions of the operators of the degrading control group.