scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE VIEW REGARDING THE TERRITORIAL-ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS AND LOCAL GOVERNANCE IN POLAND AND CZECH REPUBLIC

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 573-577
Author(s):  
Aurora Ndreu
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Accountability ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
Administrative Structures

The purpose of this article is to file the administrative-territorial reforms, conducted by Poland and Czech Republic, in a comparative point of view. This study has been done conducted on unitary former communist countries such as Poland, Czech Republic and Croatia, which resemble Albania as a result of their past. Looking at the historical evolution of reforms in these countries with different local governance systems, and analysis of the latest developments will give us a deeper knowledge about the topic.This comparison would address reforms of the political bodies of local government (such as those relating to political accountability and decision-making in local government), with regard to administrative structures, because only by looking at both sides of the currency of the local government can we get a complete picture of the changes and improvements to be made.Comparison aims at providing knowledge about the terminology and concepts used in the comparison of countries and characteristics of each country in connection with the territorial administrative reforms carried out, followed by a reformation of the local government.

Political-Administrative Interface at the Local Sphere of Government with Particular Reference to South Africa

2017 ◽  
pp. 242-255
Author(s):  
Purshottama Sivanarain Reddy
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
National Development ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Government Legislation

The ongoing political-administrative dichotomy discourse, which is steeped in public administration history, manifests in uncertainty about how the relationship between politicians and administrative officials should be structured. South Africa was democratized in 1994 and local government has subsequently undergone a fundamental socio-political transformation. “World class” local government legislation, with an entrenched constitutional development mandate, was introduced; however, the large numbers of public protests bear ample testimony to major challenges in basic service delivery. A critical issue impacting negatively on the functionality of the post-1994 local government dispensation is the political-administrative interface. The National Development Plan has mapped out a socio-economic vision to 2030, with stabilization of the political-administrative interface a priority. Consequently, the political-administrative interface has to be critically reviewed relative to the quality of local democracy, impact on efficient and effective service delivery, and good local governance.

Current Features and Developments of Local Governance in Finland

2016 ◽  
pp. 304-327
Author(s):  
Hanna Vakkala ◽  
Jaana Leinonen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Local Democracy

This chapter discusses local governance renewals and the recent development of local democracy in Finland. Due to profound structural reforms, the role of municipalities is changing, which is challenging current local government processes, from management to citizen participation. Nordic local self-government is considered strong, despite of tightening state steering. Ruling reform politics and the increasing amount of service tasks do not fit the idea of active local governance with sufficient latitude for decision-making. To increase process efficiency, electronic services and governance have been developed nationally and locally, and solutions of eDemocracy have been launched to support participation. Developing participative, deliberative democracy during deep renewals creates opportunities but also requires investments, which create and increase variation between municipalities. From the point of view of local democracy, it becomes interesting how strong municipal self-governance and local governance renewals meet and how the role and status of municipalities are changing.

scholarly journals Critique of the functional assignment architecture of Punjab’s local governance legislation of 2013 & 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moazzam Ali Janjua ◽  
Rainer Rohdewohld
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Functional Assignment ◽  
Institutional Strengthening ◽  
Government Legislation ◽  
New System

In 2013 and 2019, the local government legislation of the province of Punjab in Pakistan saw two rounds of major changes – each of which led to a new local government Act being passed. In 2013 the changes were driven by constitutional and judicial requirements and in 2019 by the political will of Pakistan’s new coalition government. This article analyses and compares the functional assignment (FA) architecture of the two Acts against a set of parameters. The study finds that marginal improvements to the FA architecture introduced by the 2019 Act are offset by continuing inconsistencies and lack of clarity over ‘who does what’ in the functions assigned to local governments. The authors suggest that improving the functionality of local governments requires full implementation of the design features of the new system, including institutional strengthening of provincial-level entities which regulate and oversee the local government system.

Political-Administrative Interface at the Local Sphere of Government With Particular Reference to South Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 1362-1375
Author(s):  
Purshottama Sivanarain Reddy
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
National Development ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Government Legislation

The ongoing political-administrative dichotomy discourse, which is steeped in public administration history, manifests in uncertainty about how the relationship between politicians and administrative officials should be structured. South Africa was democratized in 1994 and local government has subsequently undergone a fundamental socio-political transformation. “World class” local government legislation, with an entrenched constitutional development mandate, was introduced; however, the large numbers of public protests bear ample testimony to major challenges in basic service delivery. A critical issue impacting negatively on the functionality of the post-1994 local government dispensation is the political-administrative interface. The National Development Plan has mapped out a socio-economic vision to 2030, with stabilization of the political-administrative interface a priority. Consequently, the political-administrative interface has to be critically reviewed relative to the quality of local democracy, impact on efficient and effective service delivery, and good local governance.

Challenge of Democracy and Local Governance in Pakistan

2016 ◽  
pp. 259-279
Author(s):  
Sofia Idris
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Democratic Process ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
The Government

The chapter is a study of the democratic challenges faced and the local governance structures in Pakistan; how these two are intertwined and influenced by one another. The importance of local government elections and the issue of reinstatement of local government system in the current political scenario has also been the focus of the research. The role of political parties both in the government and in the opposition, in holding the local government elections that is also affecting the mainstream politics up to a significant level. Thus, the resultant situation is definitely affecting the democratic process in the country. The chapter will therefore study this cause and effect phenomenon occurring in the political landscape of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Understanding local governance: an international perspective

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
International Context ◽  
International Lending ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
The Relationship

Enormous change and innovation in governmental practices are occurring throughout the world. Local governance, in particular, has become a concern in many countries. Processes such as redemocratization and decentralization and imperatives of international lending agencies have focused attention on developing good governance practices. Improvement in local government remains a high priority in most countries, but unless the relationship between citizens and government is more fully developed the actions of local government will not necessarily lead to improvement in the conditions of people's lives. This paper will explore the concept of governance and propose an analytical framework for the study of local governance in an international context. The article concludes with recommendations on strategies to improve governance systems and government performance.

scholarly journals Traditional and Developing Segments of the Sharing Economy from the Point of View of Customers

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-483
Author(s):  
Libena Tetrevova ◽  
Martina Jelinkova ◽  
Simona Munzarova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Passenger Transportation ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Communist Countries

The sharing economy represents a phenomenon which is increasing in importance as time goes by, even from the point of view of less developed countries. The aim of the study is to evaluate the knowledge of traditional and developing segments of the sharing economy and their platforms and to analyse and evaluate the level of their use employing the example of customers (the younger and the older generation) in one of the post-communist countries – the Czech Republic. Data was collected on the basis of a questionnaire survey (N=614). This was processed using descriptive statistics tools. The study shows that respondents are the most familiar with forms of sharing not only from traditional segments (passenger transportation and accommodation) but also from the financial segment. The best-known platforms include Uber, Airbnb and Zonky. Platforms from traditional segments are used the most. The younger generation has better awareness, both about possible forms of sharing and also about the existing platforms. However, the study did not prove any differences in the level of use of platforms between the younger and older generation.

scholarly journals Local Governance in Bangladesh: Policy and Strategy Framework

2016 ◽  
pp. 200-202
Author(s):  
Tofail Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Fiscal Autonomy ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Policy And Strategy ◽  
A Priority ◽  
Institutional Linkages

The author argued that the absence of a local governance policy is a priority governance problem in Bangladesh, which affects effective implementation of decentralisation policies and programmes sporadically undertaken from time to time. Democratic decentralisation in line with fiscal autonomy and local administrative reforms have been in limbo for over three decades. The absence of a clear policy affects institutional linkages of the local government bodies. In some cases overlapping of functions are evidenced in different local government institutions, while in other cases lack of coordination and inter-agency cooperation are also evident. More importantly, unless Bangladesh does develop an aggregated local governance policy, it will not have a vision and road map for development of local governance.

Local Government and Politics in China. Challenges from Below. By Yang Zhong. [Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2003. 229 pp. $25.95. ISBN: 0-7656-118-X.]

2004 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 219-220
Author(s):  
Flemming Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Actual Practice ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Many

Yang Zhong's excellent book about Local Government and Politics in China gives a succinct and convincing account of the frameworks for local governance in the PRC today. The organization, functioning, powers and evolution of local government in China are notoriously difficult to grasp due to the many intersecting layers and lines of authority, the diversity of local conditions, and the shorthand language used by administrators to refer to local government. Although there is a growing literature on local government in contemporary China, we have, until now, lacked a comprehensive overview in English.For almost a decade Yang Zhong has observed the behaviour of local government in a small number of places in China, and is thus able to base his account on actual practice. The style is refreshingly simple and easy to follow, the administrative jargon is well explained, and the structure of the presentation is lucid. The core aspects of local governance are covered, with a sound focus on counties, townships and towns, and a separate chapter dealing with village politics. Local authorities in cities are not covered; this omission is unfortunate, but understandable from the point of view of keeping the book within manageable limits.

scholarly journals New Face of Local Government: Synergy of Handling the Spread of Covid-19 Between Local Governments and Indigenous Villages in Bali

2020 ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
I Putu Dharmanu Yudartha
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Government Governance ◽  
New Perspective

Province Bali province seeks to build synergy in addressing the spread of covid-19 with the involvement of indigenous villages. This is certainly a big question about its effectiveness and provides a new perspective in government governance at the local level. The purpose of this research is to analyze the dimensions of synergy between local governments and indigenous villages in Bali Province and their impact on the handling of covid-19 in Bali. The results showed that the cultural and social dimensions were able to position the indigenous village into an important pillar in the pattern of governance in Bali. Through the policy of the scope of indigenous villages (such as awig-awig and perarem) and pecalang as a security party in the scope of indigenous villages are able to synergize with local governments, especially in overseeing the implementation of health protocols. The synergistic with good local governance concept, such as : dimension of the economic aspect shows that through indigenous village funds, the local government provides the same space for indigenous villages involved in the handling of covid-19. The political dimension related to synergy is further strengthening the commitment of the Governor of Bali to reposition the indigenous village as part of governance in Bali. The synergistic impact is to provide great space for various parties, especially indigenous villages in the participation of each policy in the region. This synergy also relieves the free local government in its handling of covid-19.

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