‘Ergopaedics’: the future of ergonomics in orthopaedics

Author(s):  
Gregory Neal-Smith ◽  
Katherine Butler ◽  
Bhavi Patel ◽  
Daniel Huntley ◽  
Alexander Wood

Ergonomics is the scientific study of people and their working conditions, aiming to improve effectiveness. Improved ergonomics of orthopaedic theatres and equipment would reduce the risk of occupational injury and help to encourage more women into an underrepresented specialty.

Author(s):  
Arturo Luque

The objective of this research is not to produce a treatise on corporate social responsibility (CSR), but to go to a deeper level, exploring its evolution, analyzing its context, and providing a snapshot of its application and deployment in the textile sector. This study analyzes the functioning of transnational textile companies and their relationship with a favorable regulatory framework, together with their adaptation to globalization processes designed to promote their interests. This sector is characterized by elevated levels of textile production that place great demand on resources, which in turn triggers effects on the markets, environment, and working conditions in the contexts in which they operate. The exploration of this new field of legal asymmetry is necessary in order to identify its implications and to generate certainty in a large part of society. The conclusion examines the future outlook and possible consequences of emerging developments in the transnational textile sector.


1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2471-2482 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Joseph

This paper reviews past experience in tuna research and management, and proposes guidelines for the future. The resources discussed include three major groups: the six principal market species of tunas, which are heavily exploited; the billfishes, which are in most cases heavily exploited; and the secondary market species of smaller tuna and tuna-like fishes, which are generally underexploited. A brief review of their nomenclature, biology, and fisheries is given, followed by comments on the condition of the stocks. A discussion of institutional arrangements for the scientific study and management of tuna resources is presented, and such arrangements are examined in the light of problems which might be unique to tuna and tuna-like fishes. These special problems and ways in which they might be handled are considered.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Dixon ◽  
Marisa Bortolussi

In the present editorial, we briefly describe some aspects of the domain of the scientific study of literature, the methods that have been used, and the nature of the theories that have been developed. We discuss some of the prior work that has been done on cognitive processing of and affective reactions to literary texts and how this interacts with the nature of the reader. We note that there is a need for further work on how the literary reactions vary with the reading context. We also describe some of the methods that have commonly been used, such as reading time, questionnaire responses, and protocol analysis. The potential for applying methods from cognitive neuroscience, such as the measurement of event-related potentials and brain imaging, is an exciting opportunity in the future. Finally, we identify some of the types of explanations that have been developed in the scientific study of literature, including variable relations and processing accounts. Other kinds of theoretical approaches, such as those based on complexity theory, might be needed in the future. Our conclusion is that although a great amount of further work needs to be done in understanding literature, there are a wide range of exciting possibilities.


2021 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 01043
Author(s):  
Xuchen Zhu ◽  
Yannan Du ◽  
Bin Ren ◽  
Xiaoying Tang ◽  
Zhigang Yang ◽  
...  

Because of its structural characteristics, the serpentine high-pressure heater has thinner tubesheet compared with the traditional U-tube high-pressure heater, which solves the bottleneck of tubesheet manufacturing and becomes an important auxiliary machine for millions of secondary reheating units in the future. In this paper, the typical working conditions are selected, and the bending design methods of domestic and foreign serpentine tubes are adopted respectively. The results show that compared with Chinese standards, the bending can be thinned. Subsequent tests and finite element simulations verify the reliability of foreign methods and explore the optimization design methods of domestic serpentine tubes.


Author(s):  
Opaliuk T. L.

The article concerns the problems connected with the use of such non- standard creative method of professional training of the future teacher as an argumentative essay, having high potential of independent scientific study of the problem that has clearly expressed personality-oriented priorities. Both the concept and the methodology of preparing and writing an essay on social and pedagogical topics by the student are based on the determined theoretical positions that reflect the essence of the argumentative essay, the logic of its formation, indicating a fundamental difference in relation to functional and content-procedural features of writing a discursive essay.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-89
Author(s):  
Galina B. Kosharnaya ◽  
Elena A. Danilova ◽  
Kira M. Marakaeva

As you know, the main goal of any organization is to make a profit, build financial capacity and maximize income. In this process, the work of the company’s management is important in finding any ways to reduce the company’s costs. But, nevertheless, the functioning of the organization is impossible without the use of human resources, their development in the future. Statistics show that often an ill employee costs the organization much more than the savings on working conditions that many organizations are trying to realize in order to reduce staff costs. The article emphasizes the need to implement a corporate employee health management system, discloses how it can be cost-effective for organizations and useful for employees. In Russian companies, caring for employees, developing corporate policy as a strategy for the future has not yet become widespread. Many are looking for benefits in reducing the number of employees, in reducing wages, in making temporary employees, in the effectiveness of managerial decisions. Objectively, companies want instant results without long-term and mixed investments. According to Rosstat, in Russia, about 30% of the employees of all the companies surveyed work in conditions that simply do not meet sanitary and hygienic requirements. Meanwhile, in foreign countries, health management programs are reaching a new, progressive level, which includes not only improving working conditions, but also holding Health Days, changing the lifestyle of employees (promoting a healthy lifestyle, adjusting nutrition programs, increasing physical activity, etc.), as well as regular monitoring and health monitoring of employees. The main research methods were: review method, which allows to obtain accessible and complete information on the topic of the article; cross-cultural analysis used to compare the attitude of employers to the health of employees in Russia and abroad and to identify the degree of similarity and difference in the modality of health values in different countries, as well as a method of secondary analysis of the results of sociological studies on the topic of research.


2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-214
Author(s):  
Dorothy E. Roberts ◽  
Oliver Rollins

Recent developments in genetics and neuroscience have led to increasing interest in biosocial approaches to social life. While today's biosocial paradigms seek to examine more fully the inextricable relationships between the biological and the social, they have also renewed concerns about the scientific study of race. Our review describes the innovative ways sociologists have designed biosocial models to capture embodied impacts of racism, but also analyzes the potential for these models normatively to reinforce existing racial inequities. First, we examine how concepts and measurements of difference in the postgenomic era have affected scientific knowledges and social practices of racial identity. Next, we assess sociological investigations of racial inequality in the biosocial era, including the implications of the biological disciplines’ move to embrace the social. We conclude with a discussion of the growing interest in social algorithms and their potential to embed past racial injustices in their predictions of the future.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-358
Author(s):  
Petronela-Ramona Iacobuţe

Abstract Those who work in today’s theatre are extremely connected to reality. Everything is alive, in a constant change. Many artistic themes are carefully documented from reality, because documentary theatre is, in fact, a mirror of contemporary society. At the beginning of the 21st century, a new generation of theatre directors appeared in Romania, some of them very promising. They did not wait for celebrity and recognition to come get them, but instead they tried to find answers to the Romanian theatre of the future. And, it seems that a possible response was the building of the dramAcum movement. Among the founding artists of the dramAcum movement, the most active is Gianina Cărbunariu, director and playwright. The latest show directed by Gianina Carbunariu, Work in progress, a staging on the changing working conditions well documented from real cases, premiered in 2018.


Author(s):  
Olha Ryndzak ◽  
Volodymyr Bidak

In recent years, the scale of labor and educational migration from Ukraine has been growing, usually transforming into permanent migration (resettlement). Such situation leads to the threat of demographic and socio-economic development of our country and requires effective mechanisms for regulating migration. The development of such mechanisms needs the study of motives forcing people to migrate. The article is devoted to the investigation of motivational bases of young people’s migration activity in Ukraine’s Carpathian region. According to the results of a sociological survey of young people, a low level of potential internal migration was revealed. At the same time, attitudes for migration abroad are spread enough. The paper reveals that high level of wages and an availability of a job are the main motives for both internal and external possible migration movements. According to the respondents’ opinion, these factors could also deter young people from moving abroad. In addition, the lack of stability and confidence in the future, as well as insufficient opportunities for professional realization, poor working conditions are important motives for possible movement abroad for permanent residence. The study revealed some features of certain regions. Thus, the youth of Zakarpattia region more often, compared to respondents from other regions, chose the following push factors: low wages; lack of stability and confidence in the future; high level of corruption. The lack of work in Ukraine worries mostly respondents from Ivano-Frankivsk region. Chernivtsi region is distinguished by the highest share of those who could be motivated for permanent migration by housing problems. According to the assessment of students and pupils of higher and vocational education institutions, the level of the average salary, which could slow down the mass emigration of young people abroad, has been determined. It is about 800 euros. Persons who would not move abroad under any circumstances make up less than 10% of respondents. The results of the study confirm the need to develop effective mechanisms for regulating the migration activity of young people at the regional and state levels.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeyasu Kakamu ◽  
Shota Endo ◽  
Tomoo Hidaka ◽  
Yusuke Masuishi ◽  
Hideaki Kasuga ◽  
...  

AbstractHeat-related illness (HRI) is a common occupational injury, especially in construction workers. To explore the factors related to HRI risk in construction workers under hot outdoor working conditions, we surveyed vital and environmental data of construction workers in the summer season. Sixty-one workers joined the study and the total number of days when their vital data during working hours and environmental data were recorded was 1165. Heart rate with high-risk HRI was determined using the following formula: 180 − 0.65 × age. As a result of the logistic regression analysis, age, working area, maximum skin temperature, and heart rate immediately after warming up were significantly positively related, and experience of construction was significantly negatively related to heart rate with high-risk HRI. Heart rate immediately after warming up may indicate morning fatigue due to reasons such as insufficient sleep, too much alcohol intake the night before, and sickness. Asking morning conditions may lead to the prevention of HRI. For occupational risk management, monitoring of environmental and personal conditions is required.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document