scholarly journals Self-management activities and diabetes control of diabetic patients in Muang district, Nan province

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Sritharathikun ◽  
◽  
K Pinyopornpanish ◽  
C Aramrat ◽  
N Buawangpong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Good Glycemic Control

Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of uncontrolled diabetes and diabetic self-care activities in type 2 diabetic patients in Muang District, Nan Province and to explore the association between self-care activities and glycemic control. Methods Participants were interviewed for general information, self-care activities and self-efficacy. Self-care activities in diabetic patients were assessed using the Summary Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was collected to evaluate glycemic control. The data was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results Of 222 patients, more than half (56.76%) had poor glycemic control. Using multivariate regression analysis, lower SDSCA scores in diet and foot care activities were found to be associated with poor glycemic control (adjusted odds ratio = 2.29, p < 0.001 and adjusted odds ratio = 1.52, respectively; p-value 0.022). Conclusion The majority of the diabetic patients had poor glycemic control. Healthy diet is an important factor in good glycemic control. The association between foot care activity and glycemic control may not be straight forward; however, good foot care may represent adherence to prescribed diabetes treatment and appropriate life-style modification.

scholarly journals Glycemic control and its determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110230
Author(s):  
Tadesse Alemu ◽  
Tirhas Tadesse ◽  
Getasew Amogne
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Objective: The objective of the study was to explore the level of glycemic control and its determinants among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at Menelik II Referral Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample size was determined using a single proportion formula and 245 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were involved in this study. Systematic sampling method was used to select the study subjects. Standard questionnaire was used to collect patient’s biographic data, economic data, self-care activities, and patient compliance to medications. Summary statistics of a given data were calculated. Logistic regression model was used to measure the relationship between the outcome and predictor variable. Direction and strength of association was expressed using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Result: More than three-fourth, 191 (80.3%) of diabetic patients had poor glycemic control. Poor glycemic control was found to be 7.03 times higher among diabetic patients with duration of 5–10 years (adjusted odds ratio = 7.03, 95% confidence interval = 2.7–18.6). Similarly, diabetic patients with a duration of above 10 years were poorly controlled their blood sugar level (adjusted odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.028–5.08) in comparison to diabetic patients with a duration of fewer than 5 years. It was also found that compliance with a specific diet was significantly associated with good control of blood sugar level (adjusted odds ratio = 3.7, 95% confidence interval = 1.24–11.13). Conclusion: The magnitude of patients with poor glycemic control was high. Duration of diabetes and non-compliance with diets high in fruits, vegetables, and diets low in fat and sugar were significantly related to uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Therefore, developing strategies targeted toward improving blood glucose control with special attention to diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with a duration of ⩾5 years and those who poorly comply with their diet was strongly recommended.

Pre-Dialysis Glycemic Control is An Independent Predictor of Mortality Intype Ii Diabetic Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai-Szu Wu ◽  
Chun-Chen Yu ◽  
Ching-Herng Wu ◽  
Jeng Yi Haung ◽  
Mei-Lin Leu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective To evaluate the impact of pre-dialysis glycemic control on clinical outcomes for type II diabetic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPO). Materials and Methods One hundred and one type II diabetic patients receiving CAPO for at least 3 months were enrolled in a single institute. The patients were classified into two groups according to status of glycemic control. In the good glycemic control group, more than 50% of blood glucose determinations were within 3.3 11.0 mmol/L and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1 C) levels were within 5% -10% at all times. In the poor glycemic control group, less than 50% of blood glucose determinations were within 3.3 -11.0 mmol/L, or HbA1C levels were above 10% at least 6 months before peritoneal dialysis was started. In addition to glycemic control status, pre-dialysis serum albumin, cholesterol levels, residual renal function, peritoneal membrane function, and modes of glycemic control were also recorded. Results The patients with good glycemic control had significantly better survival than those with poor glycemic control (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in pre-dialysis morbidity between two groups. No significant differences were observed in patient survival between patients with serum albumin above 30 g/L and those with serum albumin under 30 g/L; between those with cholesterol levels above or below 5.2 mmol/L; and between those with different peritoneal membrane solute transport characteristics as evaluated by a peritoneal equilibration test (PET). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in survival between patients who controlled blood sugar by diet and those who controlled it by insulin. Cardiovascular disease and infection are the major causes of death in both groups. Although good glycemic control predicts better survival, it does not change the pattern of mortality in diabetic patients maintained on CAPO. Conclusions Glycemic control before starting dialysis is a predictor of survival for type II diabetic patients on CAPO. Patients with poor glycemic control predialysis are associated with increased morbidity and shortened survival.

scholarly journals The occurrence of urinary tract infection and determinant factors among diabetic patients at Dessie Referral Hospital, South Wollo, Northeast Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110606
Author(s):  
Betelhem Walelgn ◽  
Mehd Abdu ◽  
Prem Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Khat Chewer

Introduction: Diabetic patients have a higher tendency of developing all infections, especially infections of the genitourinary tract. Urinary tract infections cause considerable disorders in diabetic patients, and if complicated, can cause renal failure. In Ethiopia, the magnitude of diabetes mellitus-associated urinary tract infections increased from 7.1% in 2005 to 33.9% in 2019. The successful management of patients suffering from urinary tract infections in diabetic patients depends upon the identification of risk factors. This study aimed to determine the magnitude and factors affecting the urinary tract infections among diabetic patients which enable professionals to prevent infections and manage them effectively. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 365 diabetic patients selected by systematic sampling technique from March to April 2020. Data were collected by trained BSc nurses via face-to-face interview and patient chart review. Urine microscopy was done to diagnose urinary tract infections. Data were coded and entered using Epi data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 26 for analysis. Variables with p-value < 0.25 in bivariable logistic regression were included multivariable logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The magnitude of urinary tract infections was 22.3% (95% confidence interval: 18–27). The odds of being infected by urinary tract infections were significantly higher in diabetic females (adjusted odds ratio: 2.46; 95% confidence interval: 1.40–4.32), duration of diabetes mellitus diagnosis of ⩾5 years (adjusted odds ratio: 1.98; 95% confidence interval: 1.05–3.72), with comorbidity (adjusted odds ratio: 4.87; 95% confidence interval: 2.76–8.59) and khat chewer (adjusted odds ratio: 1.84; 95% confidence interval: 1.04–3.24) compared with their counter. Conclusion and recommendation: Urinary tract infections were high among diabetic patients. Predictors like sex, duration of diagnosis, comorbidity, and khat chewer were found to be associated with urinary tract infections. Improvement of the regular screening of patients with diabetes mellitus for urinary tract infections will provide more effective measures in prevention and management.

scholarly journals The Association of Food Insecurity With Diabetes Control and Self-care in Diabetes Type 2 Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
marjan mohammadi ◽  
Seyyed Abolghasem Djazayeri ◽  
Asal Ataie-Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background: Food insecurity can increase risks of health and nutritional problems, leading to difficulties in self-care and poor glycemic control in diabetic patients. Purpose: This study assessed food insecurity and its association with diabetes control and self-care in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 148 adults with type 2 diabetes participated. Food insecurity and self-care were determined using the 18-item USDA household food security status questionnaire and self-care (SDSCA) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using logistic and linear regression tests (SPSS 20 software).Results: Thirty-seven percent of the participants were food-insecure and significantly more likely than food-secure participants to have poor glycemic control (OR=3.02; CI: 1.45-2.65). No significant association was found between food-insecurity and overall self-care score.Conclusion: Food-insecurity was directly associated with poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Since economic status was significantly better in the food-secure group, it can be postulated that financial problems will eventually lead to poor glycemic control.Policy strategies to increaseaccess to diabetes-appropriate foods mayreduce socioeconomic inequalities in glycemiccontrol.

ASSOCIATION OF SERUM FERRITIN WITH GLYCEMIC CONTROLAMONG TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
Mallam Srikanth Goud ◽  
Sohil Sharda ◽  
Gangurde Bhushan Daulatrao
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Iron Stores

Introduction: Serum ferritin is a marker for iron stores and is an acute phase reactant. Its role in pathogenesis of Diabetes is suggested by improvement in insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion with frequent blood donation and decreased iron stores. Objective of the present study is to determine correlation of serum ferritin with glycemic control. Material and Methods: This analytical cross sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care centre of southern India, including 50 diabetic patients with good glycemic control and 50 patients with poor glycemic control. Results: Mean serum ferritin level of diabetics was signicantly lower in diabetics with good glycemic control (119.07±58.99 ng/ml) as compared to those with poor glycemic control (331.11±140.69 ng/ml). Serum ferritin showed strong positive correlation (p <0.001)with the duration of diabetes (r = 0.651) and HbA1C (r = 0.828). Conclusion: Serum ferritin levels were higher in diabetic individuals with poor glycemic control and serum ferrition showed strong positive correlation with glycemic control (HbA1C). Serum ferritin may be used as marker for screening poor glycemic control and patients at high risk of developing complications.

scholarly journals Predictors of self-care activities of outpatient diabetic residents in Harar and Dire Dawa: A hospital-based cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211986564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behailu Hawulte Ayele ◽  
Melkamu Merid Mengesha ◽  
Tewodros Tesfa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dire Dawa

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of major public health importance due to its prevalence and potential health complication. The success of long-term maintenance therapy of diabetes patients depends largely on their ability to adherence to self-care practices. Africa’s most populous country, Ethiopia, has the highest burden of diabetes mellitus. However, studies on self-care activities of diabetic patients are limited. Therefore, this study measures the level of self-care activities of diabetic patients in a follow-up clinic of public hospitals in Harar and Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 randomly selected diabetic patients in Harar and Dire Dawa. A standard diabetic self-care activity interview tool was used to collect the data. Data were entered into Epi-data v 3.1 and STATA v 14.2 was used for analysis. Our outcome variable, self-care activities, has three ordered categories and a robust Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify predictors. All statistical tests with p-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results: The self-care activities of study participants were rated good for 38.1% (95% confidence interval: 32.94, 43.60). Being rural residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.17, 0.82), attended secondary education (adjusted odds ratio = 2.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.51, 5.78), uncontrolled blood glucose (adjusted odds ratio = 1.68, 95% confidence interval: 1.02, 2.79), and had diabetic complications (one, adjusted odds ratio = 1.91, 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 3.38; two or more, adjusted odds ratio = 4.71, 95% confidence interval: 1.81, 12.25) were significantly associated with the better diabetes mellitus self-care activities. Conclusion: Significant number of diabetes mellitus patients living in rural areas did not adhere to diabetic self-care activities. This is more evident among participants who have limited or no formal education and patients with controlled blood glucose level. Therefore, individualized diabetic lifestyle education programs in follow-up clinics should target these population groups to improve self-care.

Predialysis Glycemic Control is An Independent Predictor of Clinical Outcome in Type Ii Diabetics on Continuous Ambula Tory Peritoneal Dialysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Chen Yu ◽  
Mai-Szu Wu ◽  
Ching-Herng Wu ◽  
Chih-Wei Yang ◽  
Jeng-Yi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Peritoneal Membrane ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Type Ii Diabetics

Objective To evaluate the correlation between predialysis glycemic control and clinical outcomes for type II diabetic patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Design Sixty type II diabetic patients on CAPD were classified into 2 groups according to the status of glycemic control. In group G (good glycemic control), more than 50% of blood glucose determinations were within 3.3 11 mmol/L and the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1 C) level was within 5 -10% at all times. In group P (poor glycemic control), fewer than 50% of blood glucose determinations were within 3.3 -11 mmol/L or HbA 1 C level was above 10% at least once during the follow-up duration. In addition to glycemic control status, predialysis serum albumin, cholesterol levels, residual renal function, peritoneal membrane function, and the modes of glycemic control were also recorded. Setting Dialysis Unit, Department of Nephrology of a single university hospital. Patients From February 1988 to October 1995, 60 type II diabetic patients receiving CAPD for at least 3 months were enrolled. Main Outcome Measures Morbidities before and during the dialysis period, patient survival, and causes of mortality. Results The patients with good glycemic control had significantly better survival than patients with poor glycemic control (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in predialysis morbidity between the two groups. No significant differences were observed in patient survival between the patients with serum albumin greater than 30 g/L and those with less than 30 g/L (p = 0.77), with cholesterol levels greater or less than 5.18 mmol/L (p = 0.73), and with different peritoneal membrane solutetrans port characteristics evaluated by peritoneal equilibration test (p = 0.12). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in survival whether the patients controlled blood sugar by diet or with insulin (p = 0.33). Cardiovascular disease and infection were the major causes of death in both groups. Although good glycemic control predicts better survival, it does not change the pattern of mortality in diabetics maintained on CAPD. Conclusions Glycemic control before starting dialysis is a predictor of survival for type II diabetics on CAPD. Patients with poor glycemic control predialysis are associated with increased morbidity and shortened survival.

scholarly journals Lipid profile pattern in controlled and uncontrolled diabetic patients in a tertiary care centre

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Smita Gupta ◽  
Rajat Mangal ◽  
Ankit Grover
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lipid Panel

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid as well as protein metabolism virtually affecting every organ in the human body. Dyslipidemia is a group of biochemical disorders, which is frequently seen in diabetic individuals. Dyslipidemia associated with diabetes has a major role in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in diabetic patients visiting OPD of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly over a period of 6 months. A total of 320 patients were randomly selected for the study and divided into 2 groups depending on HbA1c levels.Results: BMI of controlled diabetics was 26.2±1.91 kg/m2 and of uncontrolled was 27.56±4.36 kg/m2 respectively with a statistically significant p value. Total Cholesterol levels in controlled group was 185.63±52.32 mg% and 217.83±61.33 mg% in uncontrolled group with a p value of 0.0005 which is highly significant. Same was seen in triglyceride and VLDL levels in controlled group which was 173.88±101.77 mg% and 31.5±12 mg% respectively and 203.33±83.7 mg% and 40.67±17.66 mg% in uncontrolled group respectively.Conclusions: The diabetic patients with poor glycemic control had statistically significant high values of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, VLDL levels and significant low HDL Levels. Good glycemic control can result in improvement in the lipid panel and the patients can be prevented from the high cardiovascular and neurological risk.

scholarly journals Individual Lipids and Lipid Ratios in Type-2 Diabetic Patients: Association with Glycemic Control Status

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Tesi Maratni ◽  
Dwijo Anargha Sindhughosa ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Mardewi ◽  
Ida Bagus Amertha Putra Manuaba ◽  
Made Ratna Saraswati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Lipid Ratios

The amount of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reflects the long-term glycemic control of patients with diabetes. HbA1c also predicts the risk for the development of diabetic complications such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients with type-2 diabetes and the characteristic of dyslipidemia are frequently found. Also, dyslipidemia plays as an independent risk factor for CVD. This study was aimed to evaluate the relationship between glycemic control status with serum individual lipid profiles and lipid ratios in patients with type-2 diabetes. This cross-sectional study consisted of 80 patients. Depending on the HbA1c level, the patients were divided into two groups, good glycemic control group (HbA1c < 7.0%, n = 15) and poor glycemic control group (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%, n = 65). The association of HbA1c with individual lipids (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, Non- HDL-C) and lipid ratios (TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C, monocyte/HDL-C) were analyzed. The value of individual lipids and lipid ratios did not correlate with HbA1c level (p-value ≥ 0.05). Parameters of individual lipids and lipid ratios were not independently associated with poor glycemic control, which was analyzed by logistic regression. ROC analysis found both LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C were not accurate to be used as a prognostic indicator of poor glycemic control in patients with type-2 diabetes (p = 0.155, p = 0.297, respectively). The present study found that there was no association between individual lipids and lipid ratios with glycemic control status.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on the telemedicine usage and glycemic status of diabetic patients during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-20
Author(s):  
Novi Sulistia Wati ◽  
Pokkate Wongsasuluk ◽  
Pradana Soewondo
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Glycemic Status ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Cross Sectional

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupts selfmanagement in diabetic patients in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the telemedicine usage and factors contributing to glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients during the pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in T2DM patients aged 25–54 years. The questionnaire included general characteristics, diabetes conditions, consultation factors, and self-care management. Glycemic status was evaluated using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, which was categorized into poor (HbA1c≥7%) and good glycemic control (HbA1c<7%). Data were analyzed using chi-square and binary logistic regression. RESULTS Of 264 patients, only 19.2% used telemedicine and 60.2% had poor glycemic control during the pandemic. Overweight or obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 5.740 [95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.554–12.899]; p<0.001), insulin injection (OR = 3.083 [95% CI = 1.238–7.677]; p = 0.016), and frequent fried food consumption (OR = 5.204 [95% CI = 1.631–16.606]; p = 0.005) were the factors contributing to poor glycemic control. The risk is lower if exercised regularly (OR = 0.036 [95% CI = 0.007–0.195]; p<0.001) and consulted with a doctor using telemedicine (OR = 0.193 [95% CI = 0.044–0.846]; p = 0.029) or in-person visits (OR = 0.065 [95% CI = 0.016–0.260]; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Glycemic control was not optimal during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, keeping a healthy lifestyle and staying connected with a doctor are important to ensure optimal blood glucose control and reduce the risk of diabetesrelated complications.

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