scholarly journals Multidrug-resistance and mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes of Salmonella isolates from pork in Thailand during 2014-2017: comparison between two different types of slaughterhouses and retails

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-348
Author(s):  
Supaporn Wongsrichai ◽  
◽  
Patchara Phuektes ◽  
Suphattra Jittimanee ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Standard Practice ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Good Standard

Food-producing animals are the major reservoir for Salmonella infections in humans. Salmonella contamination and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes can occur during the production chain of animal products. The aims of this study were to investigate antimicrobial resistance patterns and compare the proportions of multidrug resistance and the presence of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes, mcr-1, mcr-2 and mcr-3, among Salmonella isolates which were recovered from pork at two different standard practice slaughterhouses and retails during 2014-2017 in Thailand. Salmonella isolates recovered from good standard practice slaughterhouses (GSH, n=75), below standard practice slaughterhouses (BSH, n=75), good standard practice retails (GRT, n=75) and below standard practice retails (BRT, n=75) were examined for their antimicrobial resistance patterns and the existence of mcr-1 to mcr-3 genes. Salmonella strains of the 4 origins showed similar resistance rates to almost all antimicrobial agents tested. BRT origin (33/75, 44%) had slightly higher proportion of MDR Salmonella than the others group with no statistical difference. Five MDR Salmonella isolates carrying the mcr-3 gene were detected among isolates of all origins, while only 4 isolates (1.33%) displayed colistin resistance phenotype (MIC 4-8 ug/mL). This study revealed that MDR Salmonella isolates have widely spread in both standard and low hygiene practice slaughterhouses and retails. This is the first report of mcr-3 positive MDR Salmonella isolates from pork in Thailand. Effective monitoring program in slaughterhouses and retails should be continually implemented to reduce the contamination of MDR Salmonella carrying the mcr gene to consumers.

First identification and Limited Dissemination of mcr-1 Colistin Resistance in Salmonella Isolates in Jiaxing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Li Zhan ◽  
Henghui Wang ◽  
Wenjie Gao ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Strain

Salmonella , a major foodborne pathogen, causes severe gastrointestinal disease in people and animals worldwide. Plasmid-borne mcr-1 , which confers colistin resistance in Salmonella, has significant epidemiological interest for public health safety. Here, we report the first evidence of mcr-1 -mediated colistin resistance in one multidrug-resistant strain，namely 16062 in this study, from 355 Salmonella isolates collected for Jiaxing foodborne pathogen monitoring in Zhejiang Province in 2015–2019. In addition to colistin, 16062 displayed multidrug resistance to various antimicrobials (β-lactams, quinolone, sulfonamide, florfenicol, ampicillin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, aminoglycoside, and trimethoprim-sulfamethox). The mcr-1 -carrying IncX4 plasmid (p16062-MCR) in this study shares a conserved structure with other mcr -IncX4 plasmids. We found that other antimicrobial-resistance genes ( aac(6')-Ib-cr , aadA1 , aadA2 , aph(3')-Ia , oqxA , oqxB , sul1 , and cmlA1 ) are located on p16062-cmlA, an atypical IncHI2 plasmid, in isolate 16062. This is the first identification of transferable colistin resistance in foodborne Salmonella isolate collected in Jiaxing city, the 5-year monitoring of which revealed limited dissemination. By determining the genetic features of the plasmid vehicle, the characteristics of transferable mcr genes circulating in isolates from Jiaxing are now clearer.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequences of Two Campylobacter coli Isolates from the Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Program in Colombia: TABLE 1 

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan F. Bernal ◽  
Pilar Donado-Godoy ◽  
María Fernanda Valencia ◽  
Maribel León ◽  
Yolanda Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Resistance Monitoring ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Campylobacter coli , along with Campylobacter jejuni , is a major agent of gastroenteritis and acute enterocolitis in humans. We report the whole-genome sequences of two multidrug-resistance C. coli strains, isolated from the Colombian poultry chain. The isolates contain a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes for aminoglycosides, lincosamides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracycline.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profile and multidrug resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from patients suspected of pneumococcal infections in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekele Sharew ◽  
Feleke Moges ◽  
Gizachew Yismaw ◽  
Wondwossen Abebe ◽  
Surafal Fentaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Pneumococcal Infections ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background Antimicrobial-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae have become one of the greatest challenges to global public health today and inappropriate use of antibiotics and high level of antibiotic use is probably the main factor driving the emergence of resistance worldwide. The aim of this study is, therefore, to assess the antimicrobial resistance profiles and multidrug resistance patterns of S. pneumoniae isolates from patients suspected of pneumococcal infections in Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based prospective study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2019 at Addis Ababa city and Amhara National Region State Referral Hospitals. Antimicrobial resistance tests were performed from isolates of S. pneumoniae that were collected from pediatric and adult patients. Samples (cerebrospinal fluid, blood, sputum, eye discharge, ear discharge, and pleural and peritoneal fluids) from all collection sites were initially cultured on 5% sheep blood agar plates and incubated overnight at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified and confirmed by typical colony morphology, alpha-hemolysis, Gram staining, optochin susceptibility, and bile solubility test. Drug resistance testing was performed using the E-test method according to recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results Of the 57 isolates, 17.5% were fully resistant to penicillin. The corresponding value for both cefotaxime and ceftriaxone was 1.8%. Resistance rates to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were 59.6%, 17.5%, 38.6%, 17.5 and 24.6%, respectively. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was seen in 33.3% isolates. The most common pattern was co-resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline. Conclusions Most S. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime. Penicillin has been used as a drug of choice for treating S. pneumoniae infection. However, antimicrobial resistance including multidrug resistance was observed to several commonly used antibiotics including penicillin. Hence, it is important to periodically monitor the antimicrobial resistance patterns to select empirical treatments for better management of pneumococcal infection.

scholarly journals Serotype distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes of Salmonella isolated from a pig slaughterhouse in Yangzhou, China

AMB Express ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Li ◽  
Jian Yin ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Zewei Li ◽  
Yuanzhao Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

AbstractSalmonella is an important food-borne pathogen associated with public health and high economic losses. To investigate the prevalence and the characteristics of Salmonella in a pig slaughterhouse in Yangzhou, a total of 80 Salmonella isolates were isolated from 459 (17.43%) samples in 2016–2017. S. Derby (35/80, 43.75%) was the most prevalent, followed by S. Rissen (16/80, 20.00%) and S. Newlands (11/80, 13.75%). The highest rates of susceptibility were observed to cefoxitin (80/80, 100.0%) and amikacin (80/80, 100.0%), followed by aztreonam (79/80, 98.75%) and nitrofurantoin (79/80, 98.75%). The highest resistance rate was detected for tetracycline (65/80, 81.25%), followed by ampicillin (60/80, 75.00%), bactrim (55/80, 68.75%), and sulfisoxazole (54/80, 67.50%). Overall, 91.25% (73/80) of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic, while 71.25% (57/80) of the isolate strains were multidrug resistant in the antimicrobial susceptibility tested. In addition, 86.36% (19/22) of the 22 antimicrobial resistance genes in the isolates were identified. Our data indicated that the resistance to certain antimicrobials was significantly associated, in part, with antimicrobial resistance genes. Furthermore, 81.25% (65/80) isolates harbored the virulence gene of mogA, of which 2 Salmonella Typhimurium isolates carried the mogA, spvB and spvC virulence genes at the same time. The results showed that swine products in the slaughterhouse were contaminated with multidrug resistant Salmonella commonly, especially some isolates carry the spv virulence genes. The virulence genes might facilitate the dissemination of the resistance genes to consumers along the production chain, suggesting the importance of controlling Salmonella during slaughter for public health.

scholarly journals Detection of colistin resistance mcr-1 gene in Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen isolated from mussels, Spain, 2012­ to 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Lozano-Leon ◽  
Carlos Garcia-Omil ◽  
Jacobo Dalama ◽  
Rafael Rodriguez-Souto ◽  
Jaime Martinez-Urtaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Monitoring Programme ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
North West ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Nineteen Salmonella strains were isolated from 5,907 randomly selected mussel samples during a monitoring programme for the presence of Salmonella in shellfish in Galicia, north-west Spain (2012–16). Serovars, sequence type and antimicrobial resistance genes were determined through genome sequencing. Presence of the mcr-1 gene in one strain belonging to serovar Rissen and ST-469 was identified. The mcr-1 gene had not been isolated previously in environmental Salmonella isolated from mussels in Spain.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance profile and multidrug resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from patients suspected for pneumococcal infections in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
BEKELE SHAREW ◽  
Feleke Moges ◽  
Gizachew Yismaw ◽  
Wondiwossen Abebe ◽  
Surafal Fentaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Pneumococcal Infection ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Pneumococcal Infections ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Backgrounds: Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the leading causes of bacterial meningitis and pneumoniae in elderly people and children. Antimicrobial resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae has been detected in all parts of the world and become one of the greatest challenges to global public health today. The aim of this study is therefore, to assess the antimicrobial resistance profiles and multidrug resistance patterns of S. pneumoniae isolates from patients suspected for pneumococcal infections in Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based prospective study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 at Addis Ababa and Amhara region referral hospitals. Antimicrobial resistance tests were performed on 57 isolates of S. pneumoniae that were collected from pediatric and adult patients. Samples (cerebrospinal fluid, blood, sputum, eye discharge, ear discharge, pleural and peritoneal fluids) from all collection sites were initially cultured onto 5 % sheep blood agar plates and incubated overnight at 370C in 5% CO2 atmosphere. S. pneumoniae was identified and confirmed by typical colony morphology, alpha-hemolysis, Gram staining, optochin susceptibility and bile solubility test. Drug resistance testing was performed using E-test method according to recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.Results: Of the 57 isolates, 17.5% were fully resistant to penicillin. Corresponding value for both cefotaxime and ceftriaxone was 1.8%. Resistance rates to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were 59.6%, 17.5%, 38.6%, 17.5% and 24.6%, respectively. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was seen in 33.3% isolates. The most common pattern was co-resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin and tetracycline.Conclusions: Most bacterial isolates were susceptible to Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime. Penicillin has been used as a drug of choice for treating S. pneumoniae infection. However, antimicrobial resistance including multidrug resistance was observed to a number of commonly used antibiotics including penicillin. Hence, it is important to periodically monitor the antibiotic resistance patterns to choose empirical treatments for better management of pneumococcal infection.

Presence of Colistin Resistance mcr-4 Gene and Clinically Relevant Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Sand Samples from a Public Beach

2020 ◽  
Vol 231 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Pedro Rueda Furlan ◽  
Lucas David Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Micaela Santana Ramos ◽  
Inara Fernanda Lage Gallo ◽  
Eliana Guedes Stehling
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Surveillance and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Strains Isolated from Slaughtered Pigs in Spain

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1502-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL JESÚS ASTORGA MÁRQUEZ ◽  
AURORA ECHEITA SALABERRIA ◽  
ALFONSO MALDONADO GARCÍA ◽  
SILVIA VALDEZATE JIMENEZ ◽  
ALFONSO CARBONERO MARTINEZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Phage Type ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Salmonella Serotypes ◽  
Slaughtered Pigs

The prevalence of and the antibiotic resistance shown by Salmonella isolated from pigs in Andalusia (southern Spain) is reported. Salmonella enterica was recovered from 40 (33%) of 121 sampled herds, and a total of 65 isolates were serotyped. The most common Salmonella serotypes were Typhimurium and Rissen (30.7% each); others included Derby (9.2%), Brandenburg (9.2%), Newport (7.7%), Bredeney (4.6%), Anatum (3.0%), Hadar (1.5%), and Goldcoast (1.5%). One strain (1.5%) belonging to the monophasic variant of the Typhimurium serotype (Salmonella 4,5,12:i:−) was also detected. Definitive phage type (DT) 104b was the most common Typhimurium phage type isolated. These Salmonella strains were resistant to various antimicrobial agents, including tetracycline (84.6%), streptomycin (69.2%), neomycin (63.0%), sulfonamides (61.5%), ampicillin (53.8%), and amoxicillin (53.8%). All isolates were fully susceptible to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and colistin. Thirty-nine strains (64%) resistant to four or more antimicrobial agents were defined as multidrug resistant. Multidrug resistance profiles were observed in Salmonella serotypes Typhimurium, Rissen, Brandenburg, Bredeney, a monophasic variant, Gold-coast, Hadar, and Anatum, with serotypes Typhimurium and Brandenburg showing the most complicated resistance patterns (resistant to ≥11 drugs).

scholarly journals Presence and Characterization of a Novel cfr-Carrying Tn558 Transposon Derivative in Staphylococcus delphini Isolated From Retail Food

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Shi Wu ◽  
Jiahui Huang ◽  
Runshi Yang ◽  
Jumei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Chloramphenicol Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Retail Food

Antimicrobial resistance has become a major public health threat. Food-related Staphylococcus species have received much attention due to their multidrug resistance. The cfr gene associated with multidrug resistance has been consistently detected in food-derived Staphylococcus species. In this retrospective study, we examined the prevalence of cfr-positive Staphylococcus strains isolated from poultry meat in different geographical areas of China from 2011 to 2016. Two cfr-positive Staphylococcus delphini strains were identified from poultry meat in China. Comparative and whole-genome analyses were performed to characterize the genetic features and overall antimicrobial resistance genes in the two S. delphini isolates 245-1 and 2794-1. Whole-genome sequencing showed that they both harbored a novel 20,258-bp cfr-carrying Tn558 transposon derivative on their chromosomes. The Tn558 derivative harbors multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including the transferable multiresistance gene cfr, chloramphenicol resistance gene fexA, aminoglycoside resistance genes aacA-aphD and aadD, and bleomycin resistance gene ble. Surprisingly, within the Tn558 derivative, an active unconventional circularizable structure containing various resistance genes and a copy of a direct repeat sequence was identified by two-step PCR. Furthermore, core genome phylogenetic analysis revealed that the cfr-positive S. delphini strains were most closely related to S. delphini 14S03313-1 isolated from Japan in 2017 and 14S03319-1 isolated from Switzerland in 2017. This study is the first report of S. delphini harboring a novel cfr-carrying Tn558 derivative isolated from retail food. This finding raises further concerns regarding the potential threat to food safety and public health safety. The occurrence and dissemination of similar cfr-carrying transposons from diverse Staphylococcus species need further surveillance.

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