601 The epileptic discharge suppression device of the type with the heat pipe that it is possible to cool out of the body : Examination of the basic performance

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006.6 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Joji UCHIYAMA ◽  
Kimihiko NAKANO ◽  
Takashi SAITO ◽  
Toshitaka YASUDA ◽  
Souichi SAEKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pipe ◽  
The Body ◽  
Epileptic Discharge ◽  
Basic Performance ◽  
Discharge Suppression

scholarly journals An investigation on effect of EDL on heat transfer of micro heat pipe with square and triangular cross section

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Maryam Fallah Abbasi ◽  
Hossein Shokouhmand ◽  
Morteza Khayat
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Micro Heat Pipe ◽  
Micro Heat Pipes

Electronic industries have always been trying to improve the efficiency of electronic devices with small dimensions through thermal management of this equipment, thus increasing the use of small thermal sinks. In this study micro heat pipes with triangular and square cross sections have been manufactured and tested. One of the main objectives is to obtain an understanding of micro heat pipes and their role in energy transmission with electrical double layer (EDL). Micro heat pipes are highly efficient heat transfer devices, which use the continuous evaporation/condensation of a suitable working fluid for two-phase heat transport in a closed system. Since the latent heat of vaporization is very large, heat pipes transport heat at small temperature difference, with high rates. Because of variety of advantage features these devices have found a number of applications both in space and terrestrial technologies. The theory of operation micro heat pipes with EDL is described and the micro heat pipe has been studied. The temperature distribution have achieved through five thermocouples installed on the body. Water and different solution mixture of water and ethanol have used to investigate effect of the electric double layer heat transfer. It was noticed that the electric double layer of ionized fluid has caused reduction of heat transfer.

Flat Miniature Heat Pipe With Composite Fibre Wick Structure for Cooling of Mobile Handheld Devices

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randeep Singh ◽  
Aliakbar Akbarzadeh ◽  
Mastaka Mochizuki ◽  
Yuji Saito ◽  
Thang Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Handheld Devices ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Composite Fibre ◽  
Wick Structure

Heat pipe is a very reliable and efficient two phase heat transfer device that has been extensively investigated for applications in electronic cooling. In the past, different types of heat pipe have been developed for specific as well as general applications. With the development in technology and trend towards miniaturization, thermal control of electronic devices with compact structure and concentrated heat sources has really become a challenge. Miniature heat pipes can be considered as potential candidates to address these issues. In the present paper, experimental investigation of the Flat Miniature Heat Pipe (FMHP), with the characteristic thickness of 1.5 mm and new type of composite fibre wick structure (FB-G), has been done for the thermal management of the mobile handheld devices. The so called composite fibre structure consists of combination of copper fibres and axial grooves as a capillary wick along the inner wall of the heat pipe. The design configuration of the experimental FMHP comprised of L-shaped flat heat pipe with rectangular cross section (1.5 mm × 8 mm) and heat transfer length of 100 mm. The body of FMHP was made of copper with pure deionised water as the working fluid. FMHP was easily able to transfer required heat fluxes in the range of 1–6 W/cm2 given by mobile-handheld chipset. Thermal resistance of the heat pipe from evaporator to the condenser surface came out to be in the range of 0.25–0.45 °C/W. In order to highlight the performance of the FMHP with composite fibre wick, thermal resistance was compared to different prototypes with screen mesh and axial grooves. It can be concluded from the outcomes of the investigation that the composite fibre wick structure provides an optimum capillary head and permeability for better heat transfer capabilities and minimal end to end temperature gradient than the conventional type of wick structures. FMHPs with composite fibre wicks will find prospective applications in the cooling of the compact handheld devices like Palm PC, mobile phones and digital diaries.

Optimization of a Heat Pipe with a Wick and Annulus Liquid Flow

1972 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hwang-Bo ◽  
W. E. Hilding
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radial Heat ◽  
Axial Variation ◽  
Frictional Forces ◽  
Container Tube

An analytical model has been formulated for the parametric study of liquid flow characteristics in the heat pipe, which consists of a porous tube, a closed outer container tube, and an annulus between them. The analytical model includes the effect of the rate of change of momentum, surface tension forces, the frictional forces in the body of wicking material and at the wall, as well as the axial variation of static pressure supporting the capillary meniscus at the liquid–vapor–wick interface in the vapor passage. The length of the condenser of the heat pipe was optimized as a function of the radial heat flux rate and the ratio of the liquid flow rate in the annulus to that within the wick, Wa/Ww. The effect of pressure loss and recovery in the vapor passage of the heat pipe on the optimum length of condenser was investigated.

Representing utility and deploying the body

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Spurrett
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
The Body ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
The Many

Abstract Comprehensive accounts of resource-rational attempts to maximise utility shouldn't ignore the demands of constructing utility representations. This can be onerous when, as in humans, there are many rewarding modalities. Another thing best not ignored is the processing demands of making functional activity out of the many degrees of freedom of a body. The target article is almost silent on both.

Neuron-glia relationship during the early postembryonic development of the nervous system in some oligochaetes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
Wiktor Djaczenko ◽  
Carmen Calenda Cimmino
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tubifex Tubifex ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes

The simplicity of the developing nervous system of oligochaetes makes of it an excellent model for the study of the relationships between glia and neurons. In the present communication we describe the relationships between glia and neurons in the early periods of post-embryonic development in some species of oligochaetes.Tubifex tubifex (Mull. ) and Octolasium complanatum (Dugès) specimens starting from 0. 3 mm of body length were collected from laboratory cultures divided into three groups each group fixed separately by one of the following methods: (a) 4% glutaraldehyde and 1% acrolein fixation followed by osmium tetroxide, (b) TAPO technique, (c) ruthenium red method.Our observations concern the early period of the postembryonic development of the nervous system in oligochaetes. During this period neurons occupy fixed positions in the body the only observable change being the increase in volume of their perikaryons. Perikaryons of glial cells were located at some distance from neurons. Long cytoplasmic processes of glial cells tended to approach the neurons. The superimposed contours of glial cell processes designed from electron micrographs, taken at the same magnification, typical for five successive growth stages of the nervous system of Octolasium complanatum are shown in Fig. 1. Neuron is designed symbolically to facilitate the understanding of the kinetics of the growth process.

Flagellar Attachment in Selected Trypanosomes

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
J. J. Paulin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flagellar Pocket ◽  
Integral Component ◽  
Free Flagellum ◽  
Flagellar Axoneme

Movement in epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of trypanosomes is accomplished by planar sinusoidal beating of the anteriorly directed flagellum and associated undulating membrane. The flagellum emerges from a bottle-shaped depression, the flagellar pocket, opening on the lateral surface of the cell. The limiting cell membrane envelopes not only the body of the trypanosome but is continuous with and insheathes the flagellar axoneme forming the undulating membrane. In some species a paraxial rod parallels the axoneme from its point of emergence at the flagellar pocket and is an integral component of the undulating membrane. A portion of the flagellum may extend beyond the anterior apex of the cell as a free flagellum; the length is variable in different species of trypanosomes.

Otoconia formation in the chick embryo

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 572-573
Author(s):  
C.D. Fermin ◽  
M. Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Basic Fuchsin ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Sensory Epithelia ◽  
Transmission Electron

Otoconia are microscopic geometric structures that cover the sensory epithelia of the utricle and saccule (gravitational receptors) of mammals, and the lagena macula of birds. The importance of otoconia for maintanance of the body balance is evidenced by the abnormal behavior of species with genetic defects of otolith. Although a few reports have dealt with otoconia formation, some basic questions remain unanswered. The chick embryo is desirable for studying otoconial formation because its inner ear structures are easily accessible, and its gestational period is short (21 days of incubation).The results described here are part of an intensive study intended to examine the morphogenesis of the otoconia in the chick embryo (Gallus- domesticus) inner ear. We used chick embryos from the 4th day of incubation until hatching, and examined the specimens with light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The embryos were decapitated, and fixed by immersion with 3% cold glutaraldehyde. The ears and their parts were dissected out under the microscope; no decalcification was used. For LM, the ears were embedded in JB-4 plastic, cut serially at 5 micra and stained with 0.2% toluidine blue and 0.1% basic fuchsin in 25% alcohol.

Voids in Irradiated Tungsten and Molybdenum

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Robert C. Rau ◽  
Robert L. Ladd
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Fast Neutron ◽  
Neutron Irradiation ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Irradiation Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Body Centered Cubic ◽  
Cubic Metals ◽  
Face Centered

Recent studies have shown the presence of voids in several face-centered cubic metals after neutron irradiation at elevated temperatures. These voids were found when the irradiation temperature was above 0.3 Tm where Tm is the absolute melting point, and were ascribed to the agglomeration of lattice vacancies resulting from fast neutron generated displacement cascades. The present paper reports the existence of similar voids in the body-centered cubic metals tungsten and molybdenum.

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