Isolation and Identification of Toluene and Pentachlorophenol Degrading Bacteria and Fungi from Engine Oil Contaminated Soil

Contamination of soil, water and air due to hydrocarbons are a global issue and bioremediation provides probably the best way to remediate the contaminants. The current study shows the biodegradation of crude oil, diesel and used engine oil by a newly isolated Phenylobacterium korensee from contaminated soil of Bahror, Alwar, Rajasthan. Hydrocarbon degrading strain was screened on BHA (Bushnell Haas Agar) media supplemented with 2T engine oil as sole carbon source. The strain was found to be degrading at 1%, 4% and 10% of used 2T engine oil respectively after 14 days. Degradation was confirmed both gravimetrically and by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy analysis. The degradation was found very well at long term basis. The optimization of growth also studied at temperature and pH basis also. The significance of the study is that the percentage degradation of the complex petroleum supplements used in the study was found to be far higher than some of the previously reported values and this bacterial strain was firstly found from this contaminated site.

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Soil microbiota and microarthropod communities in oil contaminated sites in the European Subarctic

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-98680-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

E. N. Melekhina ◽

E. S. Belykh ◽

M. Yu. Markarova ◽

A. A. Taskaeva ◽

E. E. Rasova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soil ◽

Taxonomic Diversity ◽

Northern Taiga ◽

Contaminated Sites ◽

Oil Contamination ◽

Polluted Soils ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Upper Level ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Soil Level

AbstractThe present comprehensive study aimed to estimate the aftermath of oil contamination and the efficacy of removing the upper level of polluted soil under the conditions of the extreme northern taiga of northeastern European Russia. Soil samples from three sites were studied. Two sites were contaminated with the contents of a nearby sludge collector five years prior to sampling. The highly contaminated upper soil level was removed from one of them. The other was left for self-restoration. A chemical analysis of the soils was conducted, and changes in the composition of the soil zoocoenosis and bacterial and fungal microbiota were investigated. At both contaminated sites, a decrease in the abundance and taxonomic diversity of indicator groups of soil fauna, oribatid mites and collembolans compared to the background site were found. The pioneer eurytopic species Oppiella nova, Proisotoma minima and Xenyllodes armatus formed the basis of the microarthropod populations in the contaminated soil. A complete change in the composition of dominant taxonomic units was observed in the microbiota, both the bacterial and fungal communities. There was an increase in the proportion of representatives of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria in polluted soils compared to the background community. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria—Alcanivorax, Rhodanobacter ginsengisoli, Acidobacterium capsulatum, and Acidocella—and fungi—Amorphotheca resinae abundances greatly increased in oil-contaminated soil. Moreover, among both bacteria and fungi, a sharp increase in the abundance of uncultivated organisms that deserve additional attention as potential oil degraders or organisms with a high resistance to oil contamination were observed. The removal of the upper soil level was partly effective in terms of decreasing the oil product concentration (from approximately 21 to 2.6 g/kg of soil) and preventing a decrease in taxonomic richness but did not prevent alterations in the composition of the microbiota or zoocoenosis.

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Isolation and Identification of Hydrocarbon Degradation Bacteria and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria in Oil Contaminated Soil in Bojonegoro, East Java, Indonesia

Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.17509/ijost.v4i1.14923 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 134

Author(s):

Yuni Sri Rahayu

Keyword(s):

Organic Compounds ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Identification System ◽

Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Phosphate Solubilizing ◽

Physiological Tests

Petroleum is a mixture of hydrocarbon complexes with organic compounds from sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen and metal-containing compounds. These organic compounds can be used as substrate for bacterial growth. This study aimed to isolate and identify hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria in oil-contaminated soil in Bojonegoro. This study used an exploration method to find each of the two types of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria from soil samples in Bojonegoro that contaminated by oil. Identification of isolates bacterial included macroscopic observations of bacteria, gram staining on bacterial cells and physiological tests. Macroscopic observations include the form of colonies, colony diameter, colony color, colony edge, and elevation. The physiological test using Microbact Identification System to determine the physiological characteristics of bacteria so that genera and types of bacteria can be known. The identification of organisms was based on changes in pH and use of the substrate. The results of data analysis were obtained from five types of bacteria from soil samples that contaminated by oil which were successfully isolated. After identification of species was done, four species of bacteria were obtained, namely Pseudomonas pseudomallei, Pseudomonas fluorescens-25, Flavobacterium odoratum, and Enterococcus sp.

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Isolation and Identification of Hydrocarbons- Degrading Bacteria from Panteka Stream, Kaduna, Nigeria, and Assessment of their Potential for Bioremediation

Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.4314/njb.v37i2.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 84-94

Author(s):

E.C Nwagwu ◽

V.M Yilwa ◽

N.E Egbe ◽

G.B Onwumere

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Spare Parts ◽

Hydrocarbon Contamination ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Local Alignment ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Spent Engine Oil

Water bodies become hydrocarbon-polluted when petroleum and other toxic organic matters are discharged into them. Panteka, located in northern Kaduna, Nigeria, is home to Panteka market, which is an industrial hub where different kinds of automobile spare parts are sold and mechanic workshops are situated. The Panteka stream flows through an entry point at Rafin guza, through Panteka market and towards the National Eye Centre. The indiscriminate disposal of spent engine oils and the discharge of other untreated effluents from car servicing workshops into the Panteka stream can lead to hydrocarbon contamination. Consequently, there is a need to identify these hydrocarbons and determine the capability of bacteria isolated from the stream to degrade the hydrocarbon pollutants. Using the pour plate method, and Bushnell Haas agar supplemented with 1% used engine oil, five bacterial isolates with the potential to degrade hydrocarbons were identified as Streptococcus pnuemoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella dysenteriae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Salmonella enterica. Salmonella enterica was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and Basic Local Alignment search tool (BLAST) with a similarity index of 99%. The ability of the bacterial isolates to tolerate the spent engine oil was determined by turbidi metry. The results show that all the five bacterial isolates were able to tolerate the 1% (v/v) concentration of the spent engine oil. The highest growth rates (O.D 0.565 and O.D 0.695) were obtained from the pure cultures of Streptococcus pyogenes and the mixed bacterial consortium, respectively. The potentials of the bacteria to degrade hydrocarbons in the stream was analysed using Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID), and the results showed reduction of the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) content from 6,056 mg/ml to 100.17 mg/ml (98.3% degradation) after 28 days of treatment with the mixed bacterial culture. The hydrocarbon fractions degraded were n-Nonane, n-Decane, n-Undecane, n- Dodecane, n-Tridecane, n-Tetradecane, n-Heptadecane, Pristane, n-octadecane, Phytane, n-Eicosane, n-Tricosane, n-Tetracosane, n-Octacosane, n-Triacontane, n-Dotriacontane, n-Tritriacontane, n-Heptriacontane; while n-Pentadecane, n-Hexadecane, n-Nonadecane, n-Heneicosane, n-Docosane, n-Pentacosane, n-Hexacosane, n-Heptacosane, n-Nonacosane, n-Hentriacontane, n-Tetratriacontane, n-Pentatriacontane, and n-Hexatriacontane were not degraded. This study shows that these bacterial strains isolated from the Panteka stream have great potential for bioremediation of the hydrocarbons found in the stream. Keywords: Bioremediation, Panteka stream, Automobile workshop, Hydrocarbon pollution, Bacteria isolates

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Microbial Treatment of Soil Contaminated with Spent engine Oil / Biotreatment of Soil Contaminated with Spent Engine by Microorganisms

10.1101/268185 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

A. A. Ayandele

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽

Ph Value ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Contaminated Site ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Spent Engine Oil ◽

Test Organisms

AbstractThe potential of six microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus sp, Flavobacterium sp, Rhizopus sp, Penicillium sp and Fusarium sp) isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated site were evaluated for their biodegradation ability. The soil samples were contaminated with 5% (w/v) of spent engine oil and the rate of biodegradation of the oil was studied for a period of 10weeks under greenhouse experiment. The total heterotrophic bacteria count (THBC), total hydrocarbon degrading bacteria count (THDBC), physicochemical and heavy metals properties of the soil samples and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) were determined after treatment with test organisms. THBC and THDBC ranged from 0.175 to 0.280 CFUg-1 and 0.47 CFUg-1 respectively for the control plot, while THBC is ranging from 0.197 to 0.275 CFUg-1 and THDBC was 0.180 to 0. 473 CFUg-1 for the contaminated plot. There was a slight increase in the pH value of the contaminated soil sample and the treated soil samples as the experimental weeks increased. The results obtained showed a significant decrease (at p ≤ 0.05) in the nutrients content of the soil samples. There was an increase from 1.09 in the control to 15.5% in the content of organic matter after contamination and from 1.88% to 26.8% in the % of organic matter too. There was a significant reduction (at p ≤ 0.05) in the concentration of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr and Ni after 10 weeks of incubation with the tested organisms. Plant growth in the treated contaminated soil samples ranged from 32.6cm to 38.6cm, while that of the control 1 (Uncontaminated soil) was 51.2cm and 19.7cm high was observed in the Control 2 (contaminated untreated soil) after 22 days of the experiment. The TPH degradation (% loss) ranged from 79.7 to 89. 2% after 10 weeks of treatment. P. aeruginosa had the highest level of degradation (89.2%), while Micrococcus sp and Rhizopus sp had the least degradation at 79.9%.All the microorganisms used in this study had the abilities to remediating soil contaminated with spent engine oil and the remediated soil samples were able to support the growth of Zea mays at 5% (w/v) level of contamination.

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Characterization of Autochthonous Bacterial Isolates with The Potentiality to Degrade Spent Engine Oil from Contaminated Soil Area Enriched with Glycine max

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management ◽

10.4314/jasem.v24i8.23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 1463-1466

Author(s):

A.A. Enaigbe ◽

O.S. Imade ◽

O.A. Akpoka ◽

E. Ufuah ◽

O.E. Izevbuwa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Bacterial Counts ◽

Oil Spillage ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Plate Counts ◽

Heterotrophic Plate Counts ◽

Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

This study was conducted to identify and characterize bacteria capable of degrading spent oil contaminated soil. The physicochemical parameters of used engine oil were analyzed according to existing standards, while the total heterotrophic plate counts (HBC) and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria counts were ascertained with the pour plate methods using nutrient agar and minimal salt agar (MSA) media respectively. The results indicated a mean total HBC ranging from 2.86 ± 0.08 to 5.76 log10 CFU/g and mean hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial counts from 1.32 ± 0.09 to 3.82 ± 0.25 log10 CFU/g, with samples enriched with Glycine max (Soybean) recorded to have the highest bacterial counts. The phenotypic identification of the hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria as sources of carbon and energy showed the presence of two primary bacterial genera: Bacillus and Micrococcus.However, from the overall 50 counted colonies, the frequency of occurrence for Bacillus was 41 (82 %) whereas, the Micrococcus was (9) 18%. The obtained data, confirmed the breakdown capacity of autochthonous (indigenous) organisms notably; Bacillus in the reduction of pollutants linked with oil spillage. This provides for reliable and promising approach of ameliorating crude oil pollutants and its inherent threats. Keywords: Soil, spent oil, Glycine max, degrading bacteria, isolation and bioremediation

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Gravimetric Profile of Hydrocarbon Degrading Bacterial and Fungal Isolates from Contaminated Soil Samples in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

ABUAD International Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences ◽

10.53982/aijnas.2021.0101.02-j ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Olayinka O. Idris ◽

◽

Olayinka T. Ogunmefun ◽

Cinderella N. Tuesimi

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Water Retention Capacity ◽

Trichoderma Spp ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Degrading Bacteria ◽

Spent Engine Oil

One of the biological compounds limiting soil water retention capacity is oil when present due to its hydro-nature. However, some microorganisms exhibit the capacity to degrade oil as a source of carbon, whereby the soil quality is retained and enhanced. Hence, the gravimetric profile of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and fungi isolated from oil contaminated soil samples was investigated. Soil samples were collected from surface and 10m depth from six different mechanic workshops and generator sites. The pour plate technique was used to isolate the microorganisms. All pure isolates were sub-cultured using Bushnell Haas agar and the isolated bacteria were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. The soil samples pH range was 4.3 - 6.4. Bacteria isolated included Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., Microccocus spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Bacillus spp. The fungi isolated included Aspergillus spp., Rhizopus spp., Candida spp., Trichoderma spp. and Penicillium spp. Degradation of kerosene, diesel, crude oil, engine oil, and spent engine oil was allowed using Acinetobacter baumanni, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, and S. aureus. Gravimetric analyses were used to determine the percentage of petroleum hydrocarbon degraded by bacterial isolates. The highest percentage of degradation was between P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa degraded 97.4% diesel, 88.2% kerosene, 71.3% crude oil, 80.7% engine oil and 78.2% spent engine oil; while Bacillus subtilis degraded 71% diesel, 97% kerosene, 89.6% crude oil, 87% engine oil and 72.6% spent engine oil. This study revealed that bacterial and fungal isolates from oil contaminated soils exhibited the potentials to degrade oil and bioremediation using these microorganisms was possible.

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