scholarly journals Preparation and Activation of Sarulla Natural Zeolites as an Adsorbent in Purification Process of Crude Palm Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafni Indriati Nasution ◽  
Moondra Zubir ◽  
Jasmidi Jasmidi ◽  
Maharani Maharani ◽  
Ahmad Gazali Sofwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Squalene Content

The effect of Sarulla zeolite in CPO purification was analyzed in zeolite weight and contact time variation on the influence of Free Fatty Acid, Saponification Value, Carotene, Vitamin-E, and Squalene content. This purification process induce increasing of saponification value from 272.41 mg KOH/g to 316.42 mg KOH/g at 20 g of zeolite and contact time for 30 minutes. On the other hand, this purification process reduced of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content from 2.86% to 1.6% and vitamin E content from 907.79 ppm to 376.54 ppm after were adsorbed for 90 minutes with 30 grams of zeolite used. Fatty acid composition analysis on CPO not significant changes in which is palmitic acid increased or decreased by about 1% under various conditions of zeolite use and contact time on the adsorption process. Sarulla natural zeolite can be used for CPO purification without affect theirs main content.

scholarly journals Natural additives effects on some quality parameters of un-refined peanut oil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (54) ◽  
pp. 6715-6736
Author(s):  
R Akinoso ◽  
◽  
IU Ekaette ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Peanut Oil ◽  
Saponification Value

Edible oils are widely utilized in diets as a major source of fat and a heat transfer medium during frying . Improvement on nutritive value is a major concern in edible oil industry. Therefore, objectives of this work were to investigate the effects of sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) and tomato fruit ( Lycopersicon esculentum. ) as additives on some physical and functional properties, nutritive values and stability of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) oil. Response surface methodology was employed to study effect of natural additives on peanut oil. The variables were additives ratio (5:0, 3:2, 2.5:2.5, 2:3, 0:5) of sweet pepper: tomato and incubation time (1, 1.5, 2.5, 4, 6 hrs). While the responses were oil iodine value, peroxide value, free fatty acid, saponification value, colour, viscosity, beta- carotene, vitamin E and vitamin K. The calculated means for iodine value, peroxide value, free fatty acid, saponification value, colour, viscosity, β -carotene, vitamin E and vitamin K were 105.39 ± 10.38 Wijs, 9.89 ± 2.81 m Eq kg -1 , 2.4 ± 1.13%, 166.1 ± 20.53 mgKOH/g, 0.16 ± 0.2 A, 0.02 ± 0.00 Nsm -2 , 788.3 ± 69.50 μg/100g, 12.7 ± 0.87μg/100g and 7.8 ± 0.59 μg/100g , respectively. Coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of models for iodine value, peroxide value, free fatty acid, colour, viscosity, β -carotene and vitamin E were 0.76, 0.91, 0.76, 0.89, 0.93, 0.97 and 0.84, respectively. Functional properties of the oil including iodine value and saponification value reacted differently to treatment. Iodine value was significantly (p<0.05) influenced while non- significant (p>0.05) effect was recorded for the saponification value. The treatments significantly (p<0.05) influence peroxide value and free fatty acid of the extracted oil. Physical properties of the peanut oil measured by colour and viscosity were significantly influenced by the treatment (p<0.05) . Nutritive values of the peanut oil which were beta -carotene and Vitamin E were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the treatments but Vitamin K was not significantly influenced.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of a motor operated oil palm crusher

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-327
Author(s):  
MM Zannat ◽  
R Nandi ◽  
M Ashik-E-Rabbani ◽  
MA Awal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Saponification Value ◽  
Oil Percentage

Performance of a motor operated oil palm crusher was tested at the Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The crusher is powered by a three- phase 7.5hp electric motor. Crushing efficiency and crushing capacity are some of the most important parameters for evaluating the crushing performance. This study provides some information on the composition of crude palm oil, palm oil extraction methods, the crushing efficiency, etc. The crusher has an average oil extraction efficiency of 72.84 %. This was obtained from 2.5kg of palm fruit at the steaming time of 2min. The average crushing capacity of the crusher was 12.72 kg/hr. The average crude palm oil percentage in fruit was 19.67%. On an average 200 gm of crude palm oil was extracted from 1 kg of fruit. The average oil cake percentage in palm fruit was 62.2% and the average sediment percentage was 14.04%.  Manually, the crushing capacity was 0.84 kg/hr, crude palm oil percentage was 22.14%, oil cake percentage was 44.28%. The break-even point of the crusher was 700 hr. It means that if the crusher is used for more than 700 hr, it will be economically suitable compared to manual crusher. The quality parameters evaluated were Free fatty acid, Iodine value, Peroxide value and Saponification value. Free fatty acid was 1.33%; Iodine value was 50; Peroxide value was 2meq/kg; and Saponification value was 120. Overall performance of the machine was satisfactory compared to manually operated crusher. Progressive Agriculture 30 (3): 317-327, 2019

scholarly journals Physiochemical analysis of oil extracted from Vitelleria paradoxa seed obtained from Wukari North Eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 059-066
Author(s):  
Azuaga TI ◽  
Azuaga IC ◽  
Okpaegbe UC ◽  
Ibrahim AI ◽  
Manasseh CK
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Saponification Value

Soxhlet extraction of oil from seeds of Vitelleria paradoxa was carried out using n-hexane as the solvent. Standards methods were adopted in the analysis of the physiochemical properties; moisture content, melting point, total ash content, pH, specific gravity, iodine value, saponification value, acid value, free fatty acid value and ester value were all evaluated. The oil recovery rate was good with 32.6% yield, moisture content of 3.1%, melting point of 52oC and pH 5.7. Total ash content was 50.3%, specific gravity of 0.9 g/cm3, iodine value 39 mg/L, saponification value 224.6 mgKOH/g, acid value 59.9 mgKOH/g free fatty acid (FFA) 29.9 mgKOH/L and ester value 164.7 mg/L. The results shows that oil from Vitelleria paradoxa seed holds the potentials for wider applications in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, lubricants and soap making.

scholarly journals Modeling of Glycerolysis Kinetic of Free Fatty Acid in Crude Palm Oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 1053 (1) ◽  
pp. 012110
Author(s):  
N Suriaini ◽  
A Raaf ◽  
N Arpi ◽  
Y Syamsuddin ◽  
M D Supardan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN ADSORBEN DARI BIJI ASAM JAWA UNTUK MENURUNKAN BILANGAN PEROKSIDA PADA CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Agus Mangiring Siburian ◽  
Agnes Sartika Doharma Pardede ◽  
Setiaty Pandia
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

This study was aimed to discover the effectiveness of tamarind seeds as adsorbent for the reduction of PV (Peroxide Value) in CPO (Crude Palm Oil) at the best adsorbent dose and contact time. Materials used were CPO, tamarind seeds, nitric acid, and distilled water. Variables observed were adsorbent : nitric acid ratio and oven temperature in adsorbent activation process, and contact time and adsorbent dose in adsorption process. This study was began with adsorbent modification, where the  cleaced and crushed tamarind seeds to pass through 140 mesh were activated with 4 N nitric acid at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4 of adsorbent : nitric acid ratio while heated at 80 oC for 2 hours. Adsorbent was then dried in oven at 110 oC, 120 oC, 130 oC and 140 oC. Adsorbent with the higher iodine number was used in adsorption process that was carried out by heating 100 grams of CPO on hot plate at 90 oC with 1000 rpm of stirring speed, and followed by adsorbent addition of 0.5 %, 1,0 %, and 1,5 % (of CPO used) and 25, 35, and 45 minutes of contact time, and after that oil was filtered using vacuum pump. The study results showed that the best ratio of adsorbent : nitric acid 4 N was 1:2 at 130 oC of oven temperature with 511.773 mg/g of iodine number. The best adsorbent dose was 1.0 % at 35 minutes of contact time that gave higher reduction of PV with peroxide value of 0,00868 meq/kg with the reduction percentage was 39,72 %. This study showed that nitcic acid-activated adsorbent from tamarind seeds was effective to reduce PV in CPO.

scholarly journals Pemurnian diasilgliserol dari produk gliserolisis minyak sawit mentah dengan kromatografi kolom Purification of diacylglycerol from glycerolysis products of crude palm oil using column chromatography

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
. TRI-PANJI ◽  
. SUHARYANTO ◽  
Urip PERWITASAR
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Optimal Concentration ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Scale Experiment

AbstractVegetable oil enriched with diacylglycerol (DAG) isknown as healthy oil. This oil is much more expensive thancooking oil. Production of DAG could be performed byglycerolysis process of CPO using specific lipase of 1,3-glyceride from Rhizopus oryzae mold. Product derived fromglycerolysis process of CPO is a mixture of DAG, mono-acylglycerol (MAG), free fatty acid (FFA) and residual ofunglycerolysed triacylglyserol (TAG). Therefore the DAGproduct has to be isolated from other components in order toget high purity of DAG. The objective of the research was topurify and to find out optimal concentration of DAG derivedfrom a mixture product of CPO glycerolysis at laboratoryscale experiment (total reactant for glycerolysis was93.8 mL) and semipilot scale experiment (10 times oflaboratory scale) using column chromatography with silicagel as stationary phase. The research showed that thehighest DAG content could be collected at fraction of 26 th i.e65%, while at semipilot scale experiment the highest contentof DAG (97%) was achieved at 64 to 66th fraction.Reglycerolysis of residual CPO only yielded 8.24%glycerolysis product which was much lower than that of thefirst glycerolysis reaching 46.67%. The highest DAG derivedfrom the second reglycerolysis product was achieved at 24 thfraction reaching 35.71 % .AbstrakMinyak nabati kaya kandungan diasilgliserol (DAG)dikenal sebagai minyak sehat (healthy oil). Minyak ini jauhlebih mahal dari minyak makan biasa. Produksi DAG dapatdilakukan dengan proses gliserolisis CPO menggunakanenzim lipase spesifik 1,3-gliserida dari kapang Rhizopusoryzae. Produk gliserolisis CPO triasilgliserol adalahcampuran DAG, monoasilgliserol (MAG) dan asam lemakbebas (ALB) serta residu triasilgliserol (TAG) yang tidaktergliserolisis. Oleh karena itu DAG yang terbentuk harusdipisahkan dari komponen lainnya agar diperoleh fraksi DAGdengan kemurnian tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmemurnikan dan menetapkan konsentrasi DAG yang dapatdiperoleh dari gliserolisis CPO skala lab (total reaktan93,8 mL) dan skala semipilot (10 kali skala laboratorium)dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan fase padat silikagel. Residu TAG dari gliserolisis pertama digunakan untukgliserolisis kedua atau gliserolisis ulang. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa fraksi DAG dengan konsentrasitertinggi diperoleh pada fraksi ke-26 yaitu sebesar 65%,sedangkan pada percobaan dengan skala semipilot (10 kaliskala laboratorium) diketahui bahwa konsentrasi DAGtertinggi (97%) diperoleh pada fraksi ke-64 sampai denganke-66. Gliserolisis kedua dari residu CPO hanya mampumenghidrolisis TAG menjadi campuran DAG, MAG danALB sekitar 8,24%, lebih kecil dari reaksi gliserolisispertama yaitu sebesar 46,67%. DAG tertinggi yang berhasildikumpulkan dari produk gliserolisis kedua adalah padafraksi ke-24 yaitu sebesar 35,71% .

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS OLEIN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SQC DI PT. INDUSTRI NABATI LESTARI

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syarifuddin Syarifuddin ◽  
Fachri Nanda Aulia ◽  
Cut Ita Erliana
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Statistical Quality Control ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Statistical Quality

PT. Industri Nabati Lestari, perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan CPO (crude palm oil) menjadi minyak goreng (olein) dan memiliki produk sampingan dari hasil pengolahan yaitu stearin dan PFAD. Permasalahan yang didapati hasil uji laboratorium pada perusahaan menunjukkan kualitas olein masih berbeda - beda. Hal ini menunjukkan kualitas pengolahan olein yang dihasilkan ternyata tidak konsisten, sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan perusahaan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengadakan pengukuran terhadap kadar colour (red), FFA (free fatty acid)  dan IV (Iodine Value). Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan metode Statistical Quality Control (SQC) menggunakan peta kendali rata - rata (x), peta kendali range (R), dan perhitungan kapabilitas proses, dilanjutkan dengan membuat diagram sebab akibat (cause-effect) untuk mengetahui penyebab produk yang berada diluar batas kendali. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa kadar Colour dan kadar FFA (Free Fatty Acid) sudah berada dalam batas kendali sedangkan kadar Iodine Value (IV) terdapat 2 data dari 30 data yang tidak memenuhi standar mutu. Berdasarkan hasil analisa yang di lakukkan dengan diagram sebab akibat, dapat diidentifikasi faktor - faktor penyebab kekurangan kualitas pada kadar IV (Iodine Value) seperti faktor metode yaitu pergantian resep yang tidak akurat, faktor manusia yaitu kurangnya kontrol dalam mengoperasikan mesin.

Effects of Acid Catalyst Types and Concentrations on Free Fatty Acid Reduction in Mixed Crude Palm Oil Using Continuous Static Mixer

2013 ◽  
Vol 446-447 ◽  
pp. 1523-1527
Author(s):  
Krit Somnuk ◽  
Gumpon Prateepchaikul
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Static Mixer ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Mixed Crude

Free fatty acid (FFA) in mixed crude palm oil (MCPO) must be reduced to less than 1 wt.% or 2 mgKOH.g-1of acid value by the acid-catalyzed esterification process when the base-catalyzed transesterification was used to produce the biodiesel for the two-stage process. This study was to investigate the effects of acid catalyst types: sulfuric acid (H2SO4), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), and hydrochloric acid (HCL) at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 vol.% of acid catalyst concentration on the reduction of acid value in MCPO by the continuous static mixer. Results indicated that H2SO4has the most significant variable affecting the acid value in MCPO. The acid catalyst concentration of 1.0 and 1.5 vol.% H2SO4can reduce the acid value to less than 2 mgKOH.g-1with 15 vol.% of methanol and 5-meter in the length of static mixer, while both H3PO4and HCL could not reduce the acid value was reduced to less than 2 mgKOH.g-1. Moreover, the results clearly indicated that HCL has the lowest significance effect on the acid value reduction in MCPO by the esterification reaction.

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