scholarly journals Searching for potential wood biomass for green energy feedstock: A study in tropical swamp-peat forest of Kutai Kertanegara, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
RUDIANTO AMIRTA ◽  
MUHAMMAD TAUFIQ HAQIQI ◽  
SAPARWADI SAPARWADI ◽  
ELIS SEPTIA ◽  
DEWI MUJIASIH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
American Society

Abstract. Amirta R, Haqiqi MT, Saparwadi, Septia E, Mujiasih D, Setiawan KA, Sekedang MA, Yuliansyah, Wijaya A, Setiyono B, Suwinarti W. 2019. Searching for potential wood biomass for green energy feedstock: A study in tropical swamp-peat forest of Kutai Kertanegara, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1516-1523. Recently, much attention has been focused on finding suitable plant species, from different forest ecosystems, having the potential to be used as sources of renewable energy. Most of such information was reported from the lowland forest area and only limited information is available regarding swamp-peat forest species, including their energy potency. Therefore, in this paper, plant diversity and energy potency of swamp-peat forest wood biomass were studied to reveal their potential as green energy feedstock. Physico-chemical characterization of wood biomass was performed using the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM) protocols. Twenty-seven species of plants, consisting of 23 trees and 4 shrubs, belonging to 19 families were identified, amongst which Shorea balangeran had the highest importance value index (87.72%). The results showed that T. obovata exhibit the highest suitability to be used as energy feedstock indicated by the highest energy production of 4.60 MWh per ton of dry biomass, followed by L. indica (4.56 MWh/ton), D. excelsa (5.52 MWh/ton), F. rukam (4.20 MWh/ton), P. galeata (3.66 MWh/ton), S. caudatilimbum (3.61 MWh/ton), A. elmeri (3.59 MWh/ton), G. nervosa (3.49 MWh/ton) and G. bancana (3.42 MWh/ton). The high density of wood species correlated with the high value of energy potency. In contrast, the fast-growing tree and shrub species, such as K. hospita (1.76 MWh/ton), C. odorata (1.36 MWh/ton) and O. sumatrana (1.17 MWh/ton), showed lower energy potency. The most dominant plant species, S. balangeran gave only 2.96 MWh energy per ton of dry biomass and it was classified in the middle group of plant species suitable as green energy feedstock, along with other species, such as C. brachiata, C. rotundatus, P. javanicum, V. umbonata, L. speciosa, V. pinnata, and A. longifolius. Due to suitable energy properties, growth rate and also adaptability of this woody biomass, they can be exploited to support sustainable supply of biomass feedstock for the green electricity program in the study area.

scholarly journals The composition and diversity of plant species in pasak bumi’s (Eurycoma longifolia) habitat in Batang Lubu Sutam forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARIDA SUSILOWATI ◽  
HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT ◽  
DENI ELFIATI ◽  
M. HABIBI HASIBUAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
North Sumatra

Susilowati A, Rachmat HH, Elfiati D, Hasibuan MH. 2019. The composition and diversity of plant species in pasak bumi’s (Eurycoma longifolia) habitat in Batang Lubu Sutam forest, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 413-418. Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) is one of the most popular medicinal plants in Indonesia. Currently, E. longifolia is being over-exploited due to its potential and popularity as herbal medicine and its high value in the market. Therefore, the study on the population structure of the species and habitat characterization is required to ensure successfulness of conservation of this species. The study was carried out in lowland forest, located in Limited Production Forest within the Register Number 40, situated administratively in Papaso Village, Sub-District of Batang Lubu Sutam-Padang Lawas, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Batang Lubu Sutam forest is known as a source of pasak bumi material in North Sumatra. Every year tons of pasak bumi are collected from this forest and exported to Malaysia and surrounding countries. Due to illegal harvesting for its roots, pasak bumi has been seriously depleted in some areas in Batang Lubu Sutam forest. Therefore, current data on its population are needed for conservation effort of Batang Lubu Sutam's pasak bumi. The objectives of this study were to assess the structure of forest where pasak bumi grows and to determine the correct management for sustainability the future stocks. Vegetation analysis was carried out purposively in four transect belts, each consisting of five quadrats or plots. The results showed that the Importance Value Index of pasak bumi at seedling, sapling, pole and tree stages was 21.26%, 9.147%, 0, and 0 respectively. The Shannon Diversity Index (H) ranged between 3.050 and 3.220 and was inside its common value distribution. The evenness index was high, more than 0.85, at all stages of plant growth. The disappearance of pasak bumi at pole and tree stages indicates threatening condition for the sustainability of pasak bumi in the study sites because of excessive harvesting.

scholarly journals Quantitative analysis, distributional pattern and species diversity of woody plant species of Lamberi Forest Range, Rajouri, J&K, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 522-527
Author(s):  
Jyoti Sharma ◽  
Anil K. Raina
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Distributional Pattern ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Woody Plant Species

Quantitative analysis, distributional pattern and species diversity of woody plant species of Lamberi Range of Rajouri Forest division, J&K, has been carried out by laying 50 quadrats (10m X 10m size) for trees and 100 quadrats (5m X 5m size) for shrubs. Various phytosociological parameters like frequency, density, abundance, importance value index IVI and diversity indices for trees and shrubs has been used to reveal the plant community structure of the area. The abundance to frequency ratio (A/F) for different species was determined to assess the distribution pattern of the species (regular <0.025, random 0.025-0.05 and contagious >0.05) which indicated the contagious distribution for all the species. Survey of the area revealed presence of 63 woody plant species from the study area comprising of 43 trees and 20 shrubs. Pinus roxburghii (IVI 49.7, Abundance 81.1) and Carissa opaca (IVI 81.12 abundance 7.05) have been recorded as the dominant tree and shrub, respectively, of the area. The computation of diversity indices showed that species richness and evenness i.e Shannon- Weiner’s, Margalef’s and Menhinick’s remained high for trees and low for shrubs. Simpson’s index of dominance was also high for trees. Species which needs priorities for conservation and protection and also required to be monitored have also been highlighted.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Jenis Epifit Dan Tumbuhan Yang Menjadi Penopangnya Di Blok Perlindungan Dalam Kawasan Taman Hutan Raya Wan Abdul Rachman

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Gesta Rama Noprian Nawawi ◽  
Indriyanto . ◽  
Duryat .
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sample Plot ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris ◽  
Sampling Intensity ◽  
Area Of Protection

Epiphytic is one among the plants that attaches and grows on other plants for sunlight, water, air, and minerals.  The existence of epiphytes is very important for forest ecosystems due its ability to provide a place for the ants and the other organisme.  The objective of this study were to identify the species of epiphytes, species of cantilever plant, and to know the number of cantilever plant species associated with the species of epiphytes in Wan Abdul Rahman Great Forest Park.  This research was conducted at the protection block, Wan Abdul Rahman Great Forest Park, particularly in the area of Way Balau Sub-watershed.  This research was conducted during September to October 2013.  Epiphytes and cantilever plants species were inventoried in a sampling intensity of 0,2% taken from 796,50 ha of total area of protection blocks, therefore the large of sample plot is 1,593 ha. The size of each sample plot is 400 m2 or 20 m x 20 m, therefore the total number of sample plots are 40 plots.  Observed variables were the species and the number of epiphytes , species of cantilever plant and its number, and the importance alue index for each species.  The result of the study showed that plant are 7 species of epiphytes and 16 species of cantilever plant.  The highest importance value index (IVI) of epiphytes is paku sepat (59,14%).  The highest IVI of cantilever plant is pulai (30,91%).  The most abundant cantilever plant growed by epiphytes is pulai (Alstonia scholaris), pinangsi (Villebrunea rubescens), enau (Arenga pinnata), and medang gabong (Litsea firma).  Result of the study showed that epiphytic mostly found on the cantilever plant that has thicker bark, groove bark, stringy bark, and a tough bark.

scholarly journals Study Of Plant Regeneration Potential In Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest In Northern India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish K Mishra ◽  
Omesh Bajpai ◽  
Nayan Sahu ◽  
Anoop Kumar ◽  
Soumit K Behera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Tree Sapling

Regeneration patterns of species population can address climate change by adaptive evolution or by migrating association to survive in their favorable climate and finally decided to particular forest future. In this paper we examined the status of regeneration potential of tree species in tropical moist deciduous forest at Katerniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Northern India. To investigate tree, sapling and seedling population distribution, we examine regeneration status in 145 random plots in study area. Total 74 plant species of 60 genera belonging to 32 families out of which 71 species of trees, 56 of seedlings and 60 of saplings were found in the forest. On the basis of importance value index Mallotus philippensis, Tectona grandis, Shorea robusta, Syzygium cumini and Bombax ceiba have been found as dominant species in the study area. As far as the regeneration status is concerned, the maximum tree species (64%) have been found in good regeneration category. Significant variations in species richness and population density, between three life form (i. e. tree, sapling and seedling) have been found. In which only three new tree species Prosopis juliflora, Psidium guajava and Morus alba were added in sapling and seedling stage. It is major ecological concern that about 19 % economically important plant species like Madhuca longifolia, Terminalia elliptica, Buchanania cochinchinensis, some Ficus species etc. have been found in poor regeneration phage, whereas about 7% species found in no regeneration categories. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 153-163 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9218

scholarly journals Ecological exploration of Kuwana forest: A tropical moist deciduous forest of eastern Terai, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omesh Bajpai ◽  
Shraddha Suman ◽  
Nirmala Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Lowland Forest

The present study was conducted in the Kuwana forest of Gonda forest division in Uttar Pradesh to explore its ecological inventories. Random stratified sampling was adopted to collect the basic information like frequency, density and abundance for the calculation of importance value index (IVI). On the basis of principal component analysis (PCA) plot, three forest communities were identified and named as, Syzygium Lowland Forest (SLF), Shorea Miscellaneous Forest (SMF) and Mallotus Miscellaneous Forest (MMF). MMF community allowed the maximum 39 while SLF minimum 18 tree species growing in it. Conversely, SMF community showed higher heterogeneous tree diversity validated by lower Dominance index (0.088) and higher Simpson index (0.912). The values of these two indices were found very low in comparison with their range for tropical forests of India. On the otherhand the diversity indices (Shannon & Fisher alpha) was calculated as maximum (2.797 & 11.960 respectively) for MMF community, which indicates the existence of better tree diversity in this forest community. The higher values of Evenness & Equitability indices (0.646 & 0.859 respectively) for SMF community showed the more evenly distribution of tree species in this community.

Determination of importance value indices of some plant species using closest individual sampling techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
F.O. Ezulike ◽  
C.G. Ukpaka ◽  
B.C. Chinyere
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Economic Plant ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The University

This study was conducted to determine the Important Value Indices (IVI) of some plants in the University farm. Eighty plant stands belonging to three families (Musaceae, Caricaceae and Arecaceae) were identified. Their frequency and coverage percentage were measured within the sampling plot. Data obtained were subjected to Chi-square analysis to test for significance at 5% level of significance. The results indicated that the mean richness of Caricaceae, Arecaceae and Musaceae species in the study area were 3, 2 and 6, respectively. The highest (p<0.05) Floral Value Index of 90.52 was recorded in plantain group while the least value (22.40) was recoreded in coconut. The relative density ranged from 7.5 to 45 for the genus Cocos l. and Musa l. The highest Relative Frequency (46.03 %) was recorded for Musa l. and the least in Cocos l respectively. The Important Value Indices ranged between 20 and 152 which indicated that Igbariam had a very rich Agricultural soil for Economic plant development particularly for the families of Musaceae. The Musaceae showed the maximum IVI, hence the most important family among the studied plant species in the Agricultural farm plot. Thus, it is concluded that Musaceae, particularly plantain, should be given special consideration in prioritizing species for crop production in the study area. Keywords: importance value index, family importance value, plant, species, Musaceae

scholarly journals Plant Species Composition and Their Conspecific Association in Natural Tropical Rainforest, South Papua

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Agustinus Murdjoko ◽  
Djoko Marsono ◽  
Ronggo Sadono ◽  
Suwarno Hadisusanto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Plant Life Forms ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Dominant Plant Species

<p>Papua has so many wide lowland areas that cover high diversity in plant from life-forms.  In contrast, there is a lack of information concerning species diversity.  The objectives of the research were to describe species of plant life-forms and described conspecific associations between small individuals and large individuals in natural tropical rainforest, south Papua.  Then, 46 nested plots were placed systematically in natural tropical rainforest of Boven Digoel Regency, Papua.  Density, frequency, dominance and importance value index (IVI) were analyzed to describe plant diversity, while detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was to describe conspecific association between small individuals and large individuals.  Results found 2040 individuals in this forest consisting 194 plant species.  Those are from pteridophytes, angiosperms and gymnosperms.  The plant life-forms are herbs, orchids, palms, pandans, shrubs, rattans, vines and trees in which of the plant life-forms, trees are the most abundant according to number of species.  In the dominant plant species, two types of conspecific association occurred between small individuals and large individuals.  Analysis of DCA revealed that three are large plant species grow along with their small individuals.  Another type is that small individuals grow far from their large individuals.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of forest land allocation on understory plant species associations

2021 ◽  
Vol 912 (1) ◽  
pp. 012082
Author(s):  
S H Sidabukke ◽  
T A Barus ◽  
B Utomo ◽  
Delvian ◽  
F R Aulin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Land Allocation ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Species Association ◽  
Understory Plant ◽  
Understorey Plants

Abstract Species association is a reciprocal relationship among species within a community and can estimate the community composition. This research aimed to obtain information regarding the level of dominance and plant species association in each forest land allocation. Data analysis tested in this study constituted an analysis of the importance value index and association analysis performed on the main constituent species with INP > 10% using a 2x2 Contingency Table. The research revealed that species association in understorey plants in plantation forests contained one pair with real associations, five with unreal associations, six with positive associations, and none with negative associations. Meanwhile, there were no real associations in protected forest areas, ten pairs with unreal associations, four pairs with positive associations, and six pairs with negative ones. There were two pairs with real associations in natural forests outside the company’s concessions, 13 species with unreal associations, four pairs with positive associations, and 11 pairs with negative associations.

scholarly journals Plant Diversity On Protected Forest Vegetation Of Dempo Mountains, Pagar Alam, South Sumatera

Jurnal Biota ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Anita Restu Puji Raharjeng ◽  
Deby Noviyanti ◽  
Eli Apriana ◽  
Laila Fahriati ◽  
Yunita Dwi Hastati
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Analysis ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Component Type ◽  
Conservation Organizations ◽  
The Individual

Vegetation is a collection of plants that usually consist of several species and live together in one place. Vegetation analysis is a way of studying the composition (component type) and the shape (structure) of vegetation or vegetation communities. Forests are the most important habitat component of life, hence the condition of plant communities within the forest, whether plant species composition, species dominance, density or closure of the canopy should be measured. The island of Sumatra is one of the most diverse ecoregion regions in the world. World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF) as one of the world's conservation organizations incorporates mountainous rainforest as a conservation area. The Sumatra mountain forests are one of the 200 critically endorsed ecoregions and a priority of global conservation. Mount Dempo is a protected forest area located on a cluster of hills line the island of Sumatra. This mountain has a height of 3159 asl (above sea level) and is the highest mountain in the area of South Sumatra. This study aims to determine the diversity of plants in the protected forest vegetation of Mount Dempo, Pagar Alam City, South Sumatera. Vegetation analysis was done by purposive sampling with bitterlich method, i.e measurement done on plot measuring 2x2, 5x5, 10x10, and 20x20 m. Analyzes were performed on two plots of different locations, and all plant species found in each plot were recorded of the type and amount. The parameters measured include the type name, the individual number of each type, the diameter, the height, and the height of the free branch. The results obtained at the Importance Value Index (INP) in Gunung Dempo, Pagar Alam of 294 stated that Mount Dempo has a high vegetation that is still preserving the existing plant, but it is also able to used as tourist visit as the stage of environmental and nature care.

scholarly journals Nutrient Analysis and Species Diversity of Alpine Grasslands: A Comparative Analysis of Less Studied Biodiversity Hotspots

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Ahmad Wani ◽  
Susheel Verma ◽  
Renu Gupta ◽  
Masood Majaz Ganaie ◽  
Gaurav Nigam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
Alpine Grasslands ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Nutrient Analysis

The alpine grasslands of Kashmir Himalaya act as a treasure house of floristic biodiversity. They have remained largely unstudied because of their remoteness and inaccessibility. It is imperative to have quantitative studies of these areas to allow the long-term monitoring of flora in these fragile ecosystems. During the present study, nutrient analysis and species diversity of some alpine grasslands were investigated. Electroconductivity (EC) of the soils ranged between 0.12 and 0.33 (dSm−1). With an increase in altitude and precipitation and a decrease in temperature, soil pH and available macro-nutrients (OC, N, P, K) show a considerable decrease. Sixty-six plant species belonging to twenty-nine families and fifty-one genera were reported with members predominantly from the Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Plantaginaceae families. Seven species were common to all study areas and Renyi diversity profiles showed that Kongwattan was the most diverse followed by Poshpathri and Yousmarg. The results of the Sorensen β diversity index showed a relatively lower dissimilarity index among the three studied alpine sites. In the majority of the growth forms, growth initiation was recorded in April, whereas senescence occurred in September. The highest bloom was seen in June-July. The plant species exhibited a greater variability in their phenophases under different environmental conditions and altitudinal gradients. Plants were more vigorous at lower altitudes and showed rapid response to the prevailing conditions. Stoloniferous forbs and tussock forming graminoids such as Sibbaldia cuneata, Trifolium repens, Plantago major, Trifolium pratense, Poa compressa, Poa angustifolia, and Plantago lanceolata showed a greater importance value index (IVI). The sedentary system of livestock rearing at Yousmarg resulted in the decreased density of the palatable species. This study allowed us to conclude that direct knowledge of soil nutrient composition and species diversity in alpine ecosystems can enhance conservation and ensure better management practices over a period of time.

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