Short Communication: Bird community and it’s conservation implications in Gunung Tunak Nature Park, Lombok, Indonesia

Abstract. Hadiprayitno G, Al Idrus A, Mertha IG, Ilhamdi ML, Suana IW. 2019. Birds community and it's conservation implications in Gunung Tunak Nature Park, Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1753-1757. Bird community is an important indicator of ecosystem health. A study was conducted in Gunung Tunak Nature Park to analyze the composition of bird species and the abundance and diversity of bird species. Data were collected by survey method from May to August 2017 on three trails. The bird fauna of Gunung Tunak Nature Park consisted of 32 species belonging to 27 families and 10 orders. The order Passeriformes accounted for the dominant family and species, with an abundance of 61.6%. The species with the highest abundance is Zosterops chloris (13.9%), following by Orthotomus sepium (12.2%), and Streptopelia chinensis (10.4%). While the diversity index was 3.03, indicating that the bird community in Gunung Tunak Nature Park is still well preserved. Five species are of high conservation priority based on protected by Indonesian Law, Endemicity of Wallacea, and the IUCN Red list i.e., Megapodius reinwardt, Pitta elegans, Caloenas nicobarica, Lalage sueurii, and Dicrurus densus.

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Bird community structure of small islands: a case study on the Pahawang Island, Lampung Province, Indonesia

Silva Balcanica ◽

10.3897/silvabalcanica.21.e56108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 5-18

Author(s):

Dian Iswandaru ◽

Indra Gumay Febryano ◽

Trio Santoso ◽

Hari Kaskoyo ◽

Gunardi Djoko Winarno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Bird Species ◽

Bird Community ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Feeding Guilds ◽

Small Islands ◽

Mangrove Forests ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Nesting Sites

Small islands are extremely vulnerable to ecosystem disturbances. One of the common factors im-pacting on island ecosystems is the rise of tourism activity and the associated conversion of man-grove forest’s function into tourism’s supporting facility. Those changes will ultimately affect the diversity of bird species inhabiting the island.  Therefore, this study aimed to analyse the structure of a bird community in the mangrove forests of the Pahawang Island. The study used the transect method with tracking implemented. The obtained data were analysed using the Shannon-Wienner diversity index. We recorded 28 species from 21 families. Out of 21 families, Columbidae had the highest number of species (three species). Seven feeding guilds were observed during the present study, the maximum number of species belonged to the insectivore group and the minimum – to the nectarivore and omnivore (1 species each) guilds. Based on the abundance rank, the most abundant species was the cave swiftlet (Collochalia linchi). Three of the recorded species are listed in the cat-egory “Protected” according to the Indonesia Law: the brahminy kite (Haliastur indus), sunda pied fantail (Rhipidura javanica), and the black-naped tern (Sterna sumatrana). All bird species that have been recorded during the present study is classified as “Least Concern” in the IUCN Red List. The values of the Shannon-Wienner index suggest neither high nor low diversity (H’ = 2.55). Mangrove forest ecosystems, including the mudflat on the Pahawang Island, are important supporting popula-tions of wild birds through providing foraging, roosting and nesting sites. 

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Bird community structure in natural and urbanized habitats along an altitudinal gradient in Pauri district (Garhwal Himalaya) of Uttarakhand state, India

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-012-0068-z ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Archana Naithani ◽

Dinesh Bhatt

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Altitudinal Gradient ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Bird Species ◽

Bird Community ◽

High Elevation ◽

Base Line ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

Forest Habitat ◽

Rarefaction Analysis

AbstractIn the Indian subcontinent there is hardly any study that compares the bird community structure of urban/suburban areas with those of forest habitat. The present survey identified diverse assemblages of birds in the Pauri district at different elevations. A total of 125 bird species belonging to 40 families including two least count species (Lophura leucomelanos and Pucrasia marcolopha) were recorded during this survey in the forest and urbanized habitats of Pauri District (Garhwal Hiamalaya) of Uttarakhand state, India. The high elevation (Pauri 1600–2100 m a.s.l.), mid elevation (Srikot-Khanda 900–1300 m a.s.l.) and low elevation (Srinagar 500–900 m a.s.l.) contributed 88.8%, 63.2% and 58.4% of the total species respectively. Rarefaction analysis and Shannon diversity index showed that the high elevation forest habitat had highest bird species richness (BSR) and bird species diversity (BSD) followed by the mid and then the low elevation forests. BSR and BSD fluctuated across seasons at all elevations but not across habitat types. Present study provides a base line data about avian community composition in urbanized and natural habitats along altitudinal gradient in the study area. This information may be useful to the conservation biologists for the better management and conservation of the avifauna in the Western Himalaya, a part of one of the hot biodiversity spots of the world.

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Avian species composition and ecological distribution in south lake wetland park, hohhot

Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.5564/mjas.v17i1.725 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 36-41

Author(s):

Namkhaidorj Sainbileg ◽

Wang Tong ◽

Yang Fan ◽

Yang Guisheng

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Bird Species ◽

Bird Community ◽

Residential Area ◽

Habitat Characteristics ◽

Species Number ◽

Resident Species ◽

Wetland Area ◽

Dominance Index ◽

The Relationship

Species diversity and composition of bird community at South Lake Wetland Park in Hohhot city were investigated from October 2013 to September 2014. In total，64 bird species belonging to 33 families and 14 orders were recorded. There are 36 summer migrant species, 15 resident species, 11 traveling species and 2 winter migrant species found. The habitats of birds were grouped into four types (wetland, woodland, grassland and residential area) according to topography and vegetation types in the survey area．Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H`) was 2.9450 in wetland area and 1.0768 in grassland area the highest and the lowest values, respectively. The evenness of bird species was 0.4058 lowest in woodland and 0.7581 highest in residential area. The dominance index of bird species was 0.0733 lowest in the wetland and 0.4319 highest in the woodland, respectively. This paper analyzed the relationship between the main dominant bird species and their habitat characteristics，explained the main reasons for the increased bird species number.

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Mangrove vegetation and bird communities around Tegal Port, Central Java, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210436 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Slamet Isworo ◽

POERNA SRI OETARI

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Bird Species ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Bird Communities ◽

Central Java ◽

Wiener Diversity Index ◽

Mangrove Vegetation

Abstract. Isworo S, Oetari PS. 2020. Mangrove vegetation and bird communities around Tegal Port, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1551-1560. The ecological balance in Tegal harbor area needs to get serious attention due to the impacts of Tegal Port activities. For this purpose, the diversity of mangrove and avifauna (bird) can be used as bio-indicators of the ecological stability of the area. This study aimed to assess and analyze the diversity of plants and avifauna (birds) that live in mangrove and coastal zones around Tegal Port development area. Data collection was conducted using purposive random sampling method on two sites for vegetation and three sites for avifauna. The importance value index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Sorensen’s similarity index was calculated for the vegetation. For birds, we calculated the diversity and similarity index as well as identified their conservation status based on the IUCN Red List, CITES and government regulations. In terms of vegetation, Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia marina dominate Site 2 (Tegalsari) while Casuarina equisetifolia and R. mucronata dominate Site 3 (Alam Indah Beach). Overall, the vegetation has low biodiversity index and similarity between sites is also low. For bird, there are 37 species from 18 families. Site 1 (Muara Reja) has the highest number of species with 29 species, followed by Site 2 (Tegalsari) with 25 species, and Site 3 (Alam Indah Beach) with 22 species. The three sites have moderate diversity index and there is high similarity index between sites. All bird species found in the study sites are listed as Least Concern under IUCN Red List, while there are two species protected under national protection law, i.e. Ardea alba and Glareola maldivarum. In general, the condition of mangrove vegetation around Tegal Port has low diversity. This suggests that the pressure on the environment is quite high, causing only few plant species to be able to live and dominate the ecosystem. The limited vegetation also causes birds community, especially the protected A. alba and G. maldivarum in Site 2, becomes increasingly difficult to find, because places to find food, breeding places and places to rest are disturbed.

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Tropical forest remnants as shelters of avian diversity within a tourism development matrix in Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Revista de Biología Tropical ◽

10.15517/rbt.v66i2.33410 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 799

Author(s):

Jorge E. Ramírez-Albores ◽

Marlín Pérez-Suárez

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forest ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Bird Species ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Bird Community ◽

Quintana Roo ◽

Bird Diversity ◽

Point Counts ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Forest Remnants

Tropical forests have undergone extensive transformation because of increasing tourism development, in addition to historic clearing for agricultural and cattle grazing activities. Altogether, these activities have had an important effect on bird diversity, reducing the habitat available to many species. In this study, the role of tropical forest remnants located between different land use types was evaluated for species diversity, composition, and distribution of the bird community at Akumal region in Quintana Roo, Mexico. Point counts were used to quantify the avifauna by habitat, and Shannon´s and Simpson´s diversity index were used to determine bird diversity. Additionally, bird species were classified according to seasonality and trophic guild by type of habitat. A total of 160 species and 50 families was recorded, of which 100 species were permanent residents, 47 winter visitors and 11 transients. Mature tropical forest and tropical forest remnants had higher species richness than those of modified environments. This study supports the importance of tropical forest remnants as shelters for bird species in landscapes with tourism developments, and the relevance of these remnants to maintaining high bird diversity. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 799-813. Epub 2018 June 01.

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Seaweed Species Composition, Abundance and Diversity in Drini and Kondang Merak Beach, Java

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20184703006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 03006

Author(s):

Taufiq Ahmad Romdoni ◽

Ajeng Ristiani ◽

Maria Dyah Nur Meinita ◽

Bintang Marhaeni ◽

Setijanto

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Survey Method ◽

Enteromorpha Flexuosa ◽

Transect Sampling ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

Different Characteristics ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Beach Survey

The different characteristics of subtrate might give influence on species composition, abundance and diversity of seaweed. Kondang Merak and Drini Beach are two beaches in Java Island which have different subtrate characteristic. The aim of this study is to investigate seaweed composition, abundance and diversity in Drini Beach and Kondang Merak Beach. Survey method and quadrant transect sampling technique were applied in this study. The result showed that 13 species of seaweed were found at Drini Beach and 18 species of seaweed were found in Kondang Merak Beach. The composition of the seaweed at Drini Beach and Kondang Merak Beach were dominated by Rhodophyta (69% and 56%). Enteromorpha flexuosa was the most abundant seaweed at Drini Beach, while at Kondang Merak Beach was dominated by Chaetomorpha crassa. The seaweed diversity index of Kondang Merak Beach (2,08) was higher than Drini Beach (1,27). Physical and chemical parameters were categorized as the optimal for the growth of the seaweed.

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The live bird trade in Brazil and its conservation implications: an overview

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s095927091200010x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 53-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

RÔMULO ROMEU NÓBREGA ALVES ◽

JOSÉ RIBAMAR DE FARIAS LIMA ◽

HELDER FARIAS P. ARAUJO

Keyword(s):

Captive Breeding ◽

Bird Species ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Wild Birds ◽

Human Populations ◽

Cultural Economic ◽

Conservation Implications ◽

Ecological Aspects ◽

Commercial Network ◽

Live Bird

SummaryBrazil’s rich biological and cultural diversity makes it an exceptional location for examining the commerce in live wild birds and its implications for conservation. This paper catalogues the live bird species being traded in Brazil, characterises the trade in these animals, and discusses the implications for avian conservation. In spite of being illegal, capturing and selling birds is still a very common practice in Brazil and involves many actors who make up part of a large commercial network that distributes wild animals to every corner of the country. Our survey revealed that at least 295 bird species are illegally sold as pets in Brazil, with estimates derived from this data pointing to a total of more than 400 species - about 23% of the number of extant bird species in the country. Of the bird species recorded, two were classified as “Critically Endangered”, nine as “Endangered”, six as “Vulnerable”, and 19 as “Near Threatened” according to the most recent IUCN Red List. Most of the species recorded in this study as being widely bought and sold (including on the international market) are not listed by CITES even though many of them are in fact threatened. In light of the widespread illegal trade in wild birds in Brazil and the conservation implications for the species involved, there is an urgent need for actions that can control these activities. Steps should be taken to address the illegal traffic directly and these must include monitoring, law enforcement, effective sentencing (including deterrent sentences), targeting end-users, captive breeding, and education at all levels, taking into account the cultural, economic, social, and ecological aspects of the human populations involved.

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Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Kawasan Pengembangan Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA)

AL-Kauniyah Jurnal Biologi ◽

10.15408/kauniyah.v14i1.12323 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Indah Oktaviani ◽

Yanti Ariyanti ◽

Sovia Santi Leksikowati ◽

Muhammad Asril

Keyword(s):

Environmental Changes ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Bird Species ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Bird Community ◽

Bird Diversity ◽

Feeding Guild ◽

Point Count ◽

Wiener Diversity Index

AbstrakKawasan kampus Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA) sedang mengalami perkembangan fisik yang pesat, seperti pembangunan gedung perkuliahan, laboratorium, asrama, juga embung untuk sumber air. Informasi mengenai keanekaragaman hayati di ITERA sendiri belum banyak diteliti, salah satunya adalah keanekaragaman burung. Burung merupakan hewan besar yang cukup sensitif dengan perubahan lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data mengenai keanekaragaman burung di ITERA untuk memberikan informasi dasar. Metode yang digunakan adalah teknik point count, diterapkan pada lima stasiun utama yang dipilih berdasarkan pusat aktivitas pembangunan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan, juga kelimpahan. Selain itu, status konservasi dan tipe pakan jenis burung dianalisis menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 19 jenis burung dari 16 famili. Keanekaragaman jenis burung berdasarkan indeks Shannon-Wiener tergolong sedang dan kemerataan jenis merata. Dari kategori kelimpahan yang digunakan terdapat dua jenis burung yang umum ditemukan. Bersumber pada PP No. 7 tahun 1999, terdapat empat jenis burung di ITERA yang termasuk ke dalam kategori dilindungi dan satu jenis termasuk kategori Appendix II di CITES. Feeding guild burung di ITERA didominasi tipe omnivora dan insektivora. AbstractInstitut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA) campus area is undergoing rapid physical development, such as the construction of lecture buildings, laboratories, dormitories, as well as reservoirs for water sources. Information on biodiversity in ITERA has not much studied, one of which is bird diversity. Birds are large animals that are quite sensitive to environmental changes. This study aims to obtain data on bird diversity at ITERA to provide the baseline information. The method used is a point count technique, applied to five main stations selected based on the center of development activities. The analysis used is an index of diversity, evenness, and abundance. Besides, the conservation status and feed type of bird species were analyzed using secondary data. The results showed that there were 19 species of birds from 16 families. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index classified the bird community as a moderate, and the community evenness index was stable. From the abundance category, two types of birds commonly found. Based on PP No. 7 of 1999, there are four species of birds in ITERA, which included in the protected category and one species, including the Appendix II category in CITES. Omnivorous and insectivorous types dominate bird guild feeding in ITERA.

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The Composition, Abundance, and Biodiversity of the Insect Family of the Hymenoptera Order on Swampy Wetlands (SW) and Land Conversion (LC) in Palembang City

JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS ◽

10.29303/jbt.v20i3.2068 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 396

Author(s):

Riyanto Riyanto

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Survey Method ◽

Land Conversion ◽

Total Abundance ◽

Abundance Index ◽

Abundance And Diversity ◽

Almost All ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Insect Family

Urban development and population growth in the Palembang city, lowland swamps have been converted into swamps (SW) and land conversion (LC). Changes in habitat certainly have an impact on the composition, abundance, and diversity of the insect family of the Hymenoptera order. The purpose of writing this article is to inform the composition, abundance, and diversity of insect families of the Hymenoptera order in the SW and LC lands of Palembang city. This study used a survey method by exploring each research location four times. Determination of the research location using purposive sampling method with the reason to get different habitat conditions. The collection of insects is carried out in two ways, namely trapping and hands collecting. The results showed that 18 families of the Hymenoptera order, namely 4 to 7 families were found in SW land and 8 families were found in LC land. The number of individuals on SW land was 6,351 and on LC land was 2,297. The Apidae, Formicidae, Ichneumonidae, Platygastridae, Sphecidae, and Vespidae families are found in almost all fields. The total abundance index of the Hymenoptera order family in SW land (73.438%) was higher than the index of the total abundance of the Hymenoptera order family in the LC land (26.561%). The highest family abundance index was Formicidae, namely 65.101%, followed by the Vespidae family (26.237%) and the Apidae family (5.087%). The diversity index of the Hymenoptera order in the LC land had a higher value (2.741) than the diversity index in the SW field (2.165). The conclusion is that the composition of the insect family of the Hymenoptera order in LC land was higher than in SW land, but the number of individual insects in SW land was higher than in LC land. The abundance index of the Hymenoptera order in SW land was higher than that in LC land. The insect diversity index of the Hymenoptera order in LC land was higher than in SW land. It is recommended to research the role of various insect species from the Hymenoptera order in the SW land and LC land of the Palembang city.

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Species diversity of birds as bioindicators for mangroves damage at Special Economic Zones (SEZ) Mandalika in Central of Lombok, Indonesia

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/913/1/012058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 913 (1) ◽

pp. 012058

Author(s):

M A A Salahuddin ◽

I S Rohayani ◽

D A Candri

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Migratory Birds ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Bird Species ◽

Bird Community ◽

Development Corporation ◽

Economic Zones ◽

Bird Species Diversity ◽

Near Threatened

Abstract The Mandalika Special Economic Zone (SEZ) was designated as a tourist area in 2015. The development of the Mandalika area directly impacts the sustainability, diversity of species, especially birds that make mangroves their habitat. The study aims to investigate the value of bird species diversity in mangrove habitats as bioindicators. Furthermore, the research has been carried out for three months, from March to May 2021. Research data collection uses the roaming method, and data analysis uses bird community structure analysis (Diversity Index). In this study, 33 species of birds were found. Furthermore, it was found that six species of birds are protected wildlife. In addition, 16 are migratory birds, and 27 are Least Concern (LC) bird species; four species have Near Threatened (NT) status. Meanwhile, the Index of bird community structure is H’ 2.7, uniformity E 0.8, and dominance C 0.9. The value of the bird community structure in the Mandalika SEZ shows the condition of mangrove habitat in the moderate damage category. Therefore, there needs to be an effort to preserve mangroves involving the community, government, and Indonesia Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC) area managers.

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