scholarly journals Die Größe ‚Gewicht‘ im deutsch-italienischen Sprachvergleich

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 105-136
Author(s):  
Gudrun Bukies
Keyword(s):  
Italian Translation ◽  
Italian Language ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Linguistic Means ◽  
Language Pair

The topic of this article is ‘weight’ in the German-Italian language comparison. Which linguistic means are used to refer to weight in German (Gewicht) and what are the Italian equivalents? The material which has been collected is based on monolingual German and Italian dictionaries, reference works and text corpora as well as on bilingual German-Italian dictionaries and text excerpts. The classification of the so-called weight designations including derivatives, composites and word combinations is carried out from an etymological and lexical perspective. In addition to the dictionary entries, German-Italian translation examples show further equivalents of terms and expressions with regards to ‘weight’ in this language pair.

The Potential of the Russian Language Textbook in the Formation of Primary Schoolchildren’s Communicative Literacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
M. I. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
The Given ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Speech Situation ◽  
Linguistic Means

One of the goals of the Russian language course in the primary school is the formation of the communicative literacy. The content of the course should be aimed at understanding the wealth of linguistic means by primary school children; the formation of the ability to detect a violation of linguistic norms and the inadequacy of the linguistic means used in the speech situation; the accumulation of the experience in choosing of linguistic means in accordance with the peculiarities of the speech situation; the creation of oral and written texts that meet the criteria of content, connectivity, compliance with the norms of the Russian literary language. The article considers the classification of exercises that contribute to the formation of communicative literacy. The author gives the examples of exercises where the student acts in different roles: the student is an observer of the speech situation and analyzes the adequacy of the choice of linguistic means; the student is a direct participant in the given speech situation and makes a choice of language facilities; the student is offered to create the speech situation himself, to independently construct an oral and written text.

scholarly journals Slovene-English Contrastive Phraseology: Lexical Collocations

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Primož Jurko
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Lexical Collocations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Translation Errors ◽  
Language Pair

Phraseology is seen as one of the key elements and arguably the most productive part of any language. %e paper is focused on collocations and separates them from other phraseological units, such as idioms or compounds. Highlighting the difference between a monolingual and a bilingual (i.e. contrastive) approach to collocation, the article presents two distinct classes of collocations: grammatical and lexical. %e latter, treated contrastively, represent the focal point of the paper, since they are an unending source of translation errors to both students of translation and professional translators. %e author introduces a methodology of systematic classification of lexical collocations applied on the Slovene-English language pair and based on structural (lexical congruence) and semantic (translational predictability) criteria.

scholarly journals SOCIO-CULTURAL FEATURES OF SPEAKERS’ COMMUNICATIVE BEHAVIOR IN DIFFERENT SOCIAL ROLES AND THEIR TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myroslava Lohvynenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Roles ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Communicative Behavior ◽  
Communication Situations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cultural Features ◽  
Linguistic Means

The article is a study of the features of the individual’s communicative behavior, when implementing different social roles. By analyzing the concept of the social role and status, author puts forward the classification of the most frequent social roles represented by an individual in formal and informal communication situations (that of a father, lecturer, friend, colleague, employer, employee, consultant). The work is based on the number of studied and investigated dialogical fragments, where one character appears in different social roles and uses various language means. Having considered typical communicative situations, the author also singles out linguistic and extra-linguistic means which mark the changes of speaker’s social roles, namely: elevated, sarcastic, polite, sad, ironic, joyful, neutral, strict, humorous, angry, contemptuous, intrusive, friendly, confident and other tones as well as smile, frown and raised eyebrows, laugh, direct eye contact, pointing finger, pointing the hand etc. At the next stage of the analysis the author reveals the language means that mark the changes of the speaker's social roles as well as outlines the difficulties, connected with their translation into Ukrainian. Translation of the dialogical fragments was studied in order to find out types of rendition of the means that indicate realization of different social roles by the speaker. Non-verbal communication was also researched, aiming to find out correlation between the social role of the speaker and the means, used by the speaker, according to his social role. As a result, the paper presents the analysis of such means of translation as transliteration, transcription, antonymous, descriptive, and contextual tracing, literal types of translation as well as their dependence on the social role of the speaker. So the components of intercourse let communicative behavior of the individual to be comprehensively considered. Thereby, the results of the study, their representation in per cents, as well as examples of the communicative situations and their analysis, are represented in the following article.

Emotions travelling across cultures

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-46
Author(s):  
Annalisa Baicchi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Cognition ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Italian Language ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Language Pair ◽  
The Way ◽  
Emotion Language

Abstract This article examines the ‘Adj em +PP’ construction in the English-Italian language pair (e.g., angry at my audacity/arrabbiato per la mia audacia) with the aim of identifying the kinaesthetic embodied schemas that motivate the language of emotions. The analysis of corpus data highlights the interplay between culture and mind, and the cross-linguistic comparison offers some interesting observations that appear to undermine some stereotypes about the way in which emotions are conceived of in the two cultures. Comparative semantics foregrounds the non-diagrammatic rendition in the translation of emotion language and allows for typological hypotheses about cultural cognition and the connection between Talmy’s dichotomy of manner-framed and path-framed languages.

scholarly journals How to start a V2 declarative clause: Transfer of syntax vs. information structure in L2 German

Nordlyd ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Bohnacker ◽  
Christina Rosén
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
L1 Transfer ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Discourse Pragmatics ◽  
Linguistic Means

This paper discusses V2 word order and information structure in Swedish, German and non-native German. Concentrating on the clause-initial position of V2 declaratives, the ‘prefield’, we investigate the extent of L1 transfer in a closely related L2. The prefield anchors the clause in discourse, and although almost any type of element can occur in this position, naturalistic text corpora of native Swedish and native German show distinct language-specific patterns. Certain types of elements are more common than others in clause-initial position, and their frequencies in Swedish differ substantially from German (subjects, fronted objects, certain adverbs). Nonnative cross-sectional production data from Swedish learners of German at beginner, intermediate and advanced levels are compared with native control data, matched for age and genre (Bohnacker 2005, 2006, Rosén 2006). The learners’ V2 syntax is largely targetlike, but their beginnings of sentences are unidiomatic. They have problems with the language-specific linguistic means that have an impact on information structure: They overapply the Swedish principle of “rheme later” in their L2 German, indicating L1 transfer at the interface of syntax and discourse pragmatics, especially for structures that are frequent in the L1 (subject-initial and expletive-initial clauses, and constructions with <em>så</em> (‘so’) and object <em>det</em> (‘it/that’)).

scholarly journals A presença dos dias / La presenza dei giorni

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-182
Author(s):  
Adalberto Alves ◽  
Elena Chiarini
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
Italian Translation ◽  
Italian Language ◽  
First Time

La presenza dei giorni is the Italian translation of the equivalent Portuguese colletion of aphorisms A presença dos dias of Adalberto Alves. The literary work has been translated for the first time in Italian language by Elena Chiarini in this volume.

A lexical-semantic analysis of anglicisms in sports terminology

Babel ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-768
Author(s):  
Milisav Ilinčić
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Complete Answer ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Linguistic Means

Abstract Anglicisms are words borrowed from the English language that are customarily used in the Serbian language; they are frequently used in the Serbian media and in everyday speech. Trying to shed light on the role and importance of anglicisms in the Serbian language, this paper places a special emphasis on the influence of anglicisms in the sphere of sports terminology. The reasons for conducting an all-encompassing analysis of sports terms are quite obvious. First of all, if we exclude the growing vocabulary pertaining to informatics, we could say that it is precisely in the sphere of sports terminology that the greatest number of anglicisms is to be found. Taking into consideration separate functions of the English language (English for special purposes, English for academic and professional purposes), the paper introduces a general classification of anglicisms, following which, providing numerous examples, it analyses the adaptation of sports terminology within the framework of the Serbian language – on the level of phonology, morphology and semantics. Finally, in order to provide a complete answer to this question, the final research encompasses the broader context of the use of linguistic means. Naturally, the broadening of lexis makes it increasingly diverse and rich on a daily basis, with new syntagms being coined in English, giving surprising results. At this moment, we do not know fully what can be accomplished with them, as their use is still being developed.

Sentiment Mining and Analysis over Text Corpora via Complex Deep Learning Naural Architectures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-461
Author(s):  
Teresa Alcamo ◽  
Alfredo Cuzzocrea ◽  
Giovanni Pilato ◽  
Daniele Schicchi
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Italian Language ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Sentiment Mining ◽  
Computational Advantage ◽  
Computing Infrastructure

We analyze and compare five deep-learning neural architectures to manage the problem of irony and sarcasm detection for the Italian language. We briefly analyze the model architectures to choose the best compromise between performances and complexity. The obtained results show the effectiveness of such systems to handle the problem by achieving 93\% of F1-Score in the best case. As a case study, we also illustrate a possible embedding of the neural systems in a cloud computing infrastructure to exploit the computational advantage of using such an approach in tackling big data.

Popular Science, Textbooks, and Scientists: The Periodic Law in Italy

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ciardi ◽  
Marco Taddia
Keyword(s):  
Popular Science ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Science Textbooks ◽  
Italian Translation ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Periodic Law ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Medicine And The Arts

This essay deals with an issue that has never before been the focus of attention in the field of research on the history of chemistry in Italy: the diffusion of Mendeleev’s periodic system in our nation. In the following text we will analyze the situation in the period preceding the arrival of Mendeleev’s theory in Italy with regard to the matter of classifying elements. By doing so, it will be possible to demonstrate that—despite the superficiality and lack of accuracy of certain studies—Italian chemistry was already very willing to consider new proposals relating to the classification of elements. We will then attempt to illustrate how Mendeleev’s work not only attracted the attention of the most renowned Italian chemists, such as Augusto Piccini and Giacomo Ciamician, but also became widely used in university texts and secondary school textbooks. In order to understand the classification criteria for elements adopted by Italian chemists before Mendeleev and therefore the cultural terrain the law of periodicity was to take root in, it would be better to refer to a number of texts used widely for teaching in universities. We will examine four of these, published between 1819 and 1867. In all these texts, the term “simple bodies” appears, with the expression “simple substances” used less frequently, while Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier (1743–94), in his 1789 Traité élémentaire de chimie (Traité thereafter), uses the same term “simple substances” or “simple substances … which may be considered as the elements of bodies.” It is interesting to note that Vincenzo Dandolo’s Italian translation (first edition 1792) uses the expression “sostanze semplici,” interpreting quite literally the Frenchman’s choice of term. Thirty years after publication of the Traité, Antonio Santagata (1774–1858), professor of general chemistry at the Pontificia Università di Bologna, published his Lezioni di chimica elementare [Lessons in elementary chemistry], derived from Lezioni di chimica elementare: applicata alla medicina e alle arti [Lessons in Elementary Chemistry: Applied to Medicine and the Arts] (Bologna, 1804), written by his predecessor in the university chair, Pellegrino Salvigni (1777–1841).

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