Changes in Lipid Profile of Wistar Rats after Sustained Consumption of Different Types of Commercial Vegetable Oil: A Preliminary Study

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of co-treatment with purified annatto oil (PAO) or its granules (GRA, Chronic®) with that of testosterone on the orchiectomy-induced osteoporosis in Wistar rats. After surgery, rats were treated from day 7 until day 45 with testosterone only (TES, 7 mg/kg, IM) or TES + PAO or GRA (200 mg/kg, p.o.). The following parameters were evaluated: food/water intake, weight, HDL, LDL, glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), alkaline phosphatase levels, blood phosphorus and calcium contents, femur weight, structure (through scanning electron microscopy), and calcium content (through atomic absorption spectrophotometry). Our results show that orchiectomy could significantly change the blood lipid profile and decrease bone integrity parameters. Testosterone reposition alone could improve some endpoints, including LDL, TC, bone weight, and bone calcium concentration. However, other parameters were not significantly improved. Co-treatment with PAO or GRA improved the blood lipid profile and bone integrity more significantly and improved some endpoints not affected by testosterone reposition alone (such as TG levels and trabeculae sizes). The results suggest that co-treatment with annatto products improved the blood lipid profile and the anti-osteoporosis effects of testosterone. Overall, GRA had better results than PAO.

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Preliminary Study on Gold Recovery from High Grade E-Waste by Thiourea Leaching and Electrowinning

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11030235 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 235

Author(s):

Nicolò Maria Ippolito ◽

Ionela Birloaga ◽

Francesco Ferella ◽

Marcello Centofanti ◽

Francesco Vegliò

Keyword(s):

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Leach Solution ◽

High Grade ◽

Gold Dissolution ◽

Plastic Part ◽

The Third ◽

Current Consumption ◽

Different Types ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

A Current

The present paper is focused on the extraction of gold from high-grade e-waste, i.e., spent electronic connectors and plates, by leaching and electrowinning. These connectors are usually made up of an alloy covered by a layer of gold; sometimes, in some of them, a plastic part is also present. The applied leaching system consisted of an acid solution of diluted sulfuric acid (0.2 mol/L) with thiourea (20 g/L) as a reagent and ferric sulfate (21.8 g/L) as an oxidant. This system was applied on three different high-grade e-waste, namely: (1) Connectors with the partial gold-plated surface (Au concentration—1139 mg/kg); (2) different types of connectors with some of which with completely gold-plated surface (Au concentration—590 mg/kg); and (3) connectors and plates with the completely gold-plated surface (Au concentration—7900 mg/kg). Gold dissolution yields of 52, 94, and 49% were achieved from the first, second, and third samples, respectively. About 95% of Au recovery was achieved after 1.5 h of electrowinning at a current efficiency of only 4.06% and current consumption of 3.02 kWh/kg of Au from the leach solution of the third sample.

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Comparative effects of ethanol leaf and stem bark extracts of Irvingia gabonensis (BUSH MANGO) on sodium arsenite-induced lipid profile perturbtions in wistar rats

Clinical Phytoscience ◽

10.1186/s40816-020-00241-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Efosa Godwin Ewere ◽

Ngozi Paulinus Okolie ◽

Erhunmwunsee Dalton Avan ◽

Patience Edet Umoh

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Sodium Arsenite ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Irvingia Gabonensis

Abstract Background Exposure to arsenic orchestrates a myriad of noxious health effects, including cancer. Different parts of Irvingia gabonensis are used as herbal remedies in traditional medicine. In this study, the comparative effects of the ethanol leaf (ELEIG) and stem bark extracts (ESEIG) of Irvingia gabonensis on sodium arsenite (SA)-induced lipid profile disturbances in Wistar rats were investigated. Methods Fifty five Wistar rats weighing between 100 g and 179 g were distributed into eleven groups (n=5). Group 1 (control) received feed and water ad libitum. Group 2 received SA at a dose of 4.1 mg/kg body weight (kgbw) for 14 days. Groups 3–11 were treated with the extracts with or without SA. Treatment was done by oral intubation for 14 days. Serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TAG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), total lipids (TL) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) were used to determine the lipid profile effects of the extracts. Results Exposure to SA caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in all assayed parameters, relative to control. Post-treatment and simultaneous treatment with ELEIG and ESEIG mitigated the effects of SA. In addition, ELEIG alone at various doses produced results comparable with control values. However, ESEIG alone caused significant (p ˂ 0.05) increases in all assayed parameters, relative to control. Conclusion These results show that ELEIG and ESEIG ameliorate SA-induced lipid profile disturbances in Wistar rats. However, long-term administration of ESEIG alone may be discouraged.

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The Relationships Between Data, Information and Knowledge Based on a Preliminary Study of Engineering Designers

Volume 3: 11th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology ◽

10.1115/detc99/dtm-8754 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

Saeema Ahmed ◽

Luciënne Blessing ◽

Ken Wallace

Keyword(s):

Aerospace Industry ◽

Initial Study ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Different Types ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Initial Results

Abstract The aerospace industry, along with other industries, has acknowledged the need to bridge the experience gap between novice and experienced designers [Moore, 1997]. The research aims to identify the support a novice designer requires to gain experience faster. The focus of this paper is to present some initial results of a study of novice and experienced designers. This initial study highlighted the difficulty in establishing consistent and precise usage for the terms data, information and knowledge. It is concluded that data, information and knowledge are relative concepts that cannot be defined in absolute terms. As relative concepts, these help differentiate experts and novices, and different types of novices. The relationships between data, information and knowledge are examined with the aim of prompting a discussion.

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Effect of different types of stress on adrenal gland parameters and adrenal hormones in the blood serum of male Wistar rats

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs0902187a ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 187-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Adzic ◽

Ana Djordjevic ◽

Jelena Djordjevic ◽

Ana Niciforovic ◽

Marija Radojcic

Keyword(s):

Blood Serum ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Adrenal Glands ◽

Acute Stress ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Combined Stress ◽

Adrenal Hormones ◽

General Adaptation ◽

Different Types ◽

Male Wistar Rats

In the present study, we examined gross changes in the mass of whole adrenal glands and that of the adrenal cortex and medulla in mature male Wistar rats subjected to three different stress types: acute, chronic, and combined, i.e., chronic followed by acute stress. These parameters were correlated with adrenal activity as judged from serum levels of corticosterone and catecholamine, respectively, as well as with serum levels of ACTH and glucose. Under all three conditions, we observed bilaterally asymmetric and stress-type-independent hypertrophy of whole adrenals, as well as adrenal cortices and medullas. Under acute and combined stress, adrenal hypertrophy was followed by increase of adrenal hormones in the blood serum. However, under chronic stress, both cortical and medullar activities as judged from low or unaltered levels of the respective hormones and glucose were compromised and disconnected from the input signal of ACTH. Since all of the studied adrenal activities could be restored by subsequent acute stress, it is concluded that chronic isolation can be viewed as partly maladaptive stress with characteristics resembling stress resistance rather than the stress exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome.

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Evaluation of Anti-fertility activity of Decaschistia crotonifolia leaves on female wistar rats

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v10i3.1451 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 2194-2198

Author(s):

Afsar Shaik ◽

Prasanna Raju Yalavarthi ◽

Chadrasekhar Kothapalli Bonnoth

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Uterine Weight ◽

Estrogenic Effect ◽

Different Types ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

Fertility Potential ◽

Dose Levels ◽

Modern Era ◽

Ovariectomised Rats

Medicinal Plants were used from the ancient to the modern era and has proved in treating and preventing many different types of diseases which are not treatable with other means of treatment. The present study was aimed to prove the anti-fertility activity of Decaschistia crotonifolia leaves on female wistar rats. The extracts were mainly estimated for their anti-implantation activity by taking mainly 2 dose levels: 200 & 400 mg/kg, respectively. The extracts were also tested for their hormonal alteration effects on female wistar rats. The reports obtained in this study strongly prove the anti-fertility potential of leaves extracts of Decaschistia crotonifolia, as the extracts has shown a potential decline in the formation of implants (100%), and also the increase in uterine weight projects its estrogenic effect in Ovariectomised rats. Hence by considering the above-mentioned results, it may be proved that the leaves extracts of D. Crotonifolia poccess strong anti-fertility activity.

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