Role of Antibiotics for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1629-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P Gabay ◽  
Rupali Jain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the data regarding the use of antibiotic therapy for the prevention of cardiovascular events. DATA SOURCES: Pertinent literature was identified through a MEDLINE search (1966–September 2001) and through other secondary literature databases and/or bibliographies of pertinent articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: Cardiovascular disease is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among the general population, with well-defined risk factors (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, genetic predisposition). Clinical data evaluating the association between the aforementioned risk factors and the development of atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease are substantial; however, these risk factors may only partially explain the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease. The presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae within atherosclerotic lesions has been documented and may be an additional risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS: The results of primary and secondary prevention trials have shown conflicting evidence with regard to the beneficial effects of antibiotic therapy to reduce cardiovascular events. Currently, the lack of certainty in published data does not support the use of antibiotics for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Clinicians should continue to emphasize interventions proven to reduce adverse cardiovascular events such as smoking cessation, reduction of hyperlipidemia, and control of hypertension.

scholarly journals Lifelong prevention of cardiovascular disease. Part I: preconceptional, prenatal and infant periods of life

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2647
Author(s):  
O. V. Kopylova ◽  
A. I. Ershova ◽  
A. N. Meshkov ◽  
O. M. Drapkina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cvd Prevention ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Current prophylactic actions prevent or significantly delay the majority of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Various factors are interconnected and affect a person throughout his life, determining the risk of CVD. This indicates the need for preventive measures at all stages of life and even before birth. The beneficial effects of CVD prevention are realized through various genetic, epigenetic and metabolic mechanisms. Due to the fact that many risk factors for CVD have a cumulative effect, the introduction of preventive measures from the earliest life stages will be most effective. The purpose of the article is to consider various aspects of CVD prevention in the preconceptional, prenatal and infant periods.

Role of Chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 509-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Watson ◽  
Nicholas J. Alp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Attributable Risk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Contributory Factors ◽  
Progression Of Atherosclerosis

Cardiovascular disease, resulting from atherosclerosis, is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Genetic predisposition and classical environmental risk factors explain much of the attributable risk for cardiovascular events in populations, but other risk factors for the development and progression of atherosclerosis, which can be identified and modified, may be important therapeutic targets. Infectious agents, such as Chlamydia pneumoniae, have been proposed as contributory factors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In the present review, we consider the experimental evidence that has accumulated over the last 20 years evaluating the role of C. pneumoniae in atherosclerosis and suggest areas for future research in this field.

Cardiovascular Protection With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Chronic Kidney Disease

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1442-1455
Author(s):  
Pantelis Sarafidis ◽  
Christodoulos E. Papadopoulos ◽  
Vasilios Kamperidis ◽  
George Giannakoulas ◽  
Michael Doumas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Cardiovascular Protection ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease are intimately linked. They share major risk factors, including age, hypertension, and diabetes, and common pathogenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, reduced renal function and kidney injury documented with albuminuria are independent risk factors for cardiovascular events and mortality. In major renal outcome trials and subsequent meta-analyses in patients with CKD, ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors and ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) were shown to effectively retard CKD progression but not to significantly reduce cardiovascular events or mortality. Thus, a high residual risk for cardiovascular disease progression under standard-of-care treatment is still present for patients with CKD. In contrast to the above, several outcome trials with SGLT-2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2) inhibitors and MRAs (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists) clearly suggest that these agents, apart from nephroprotection, offer important cardioprotection in this population. This article discusses existing evidence on the effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors and MRAs on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CKD that open new roads in cardiovascular protection of this heavily burdened population.

Insulin resistance and risk of vascular events, interventions and mortality in type 1 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marga A.g. Helmink ◽  
Marieke de Vries ◽  
Frank L.j. Visseren ◽  
Wendela L. de Ranitz ◽  
Harold W. de Valk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Vascular Events ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Objective: To identify determinants associated with insulin resistance and to assess the association between insulin resistance and cardiovascular events, vascular interventions and mortality in people with type 1 diabetes at high risk of cardiovascular disease . Design: Prospective cohort study. Methods: 195 people with type 1 diabetes from the Secondary Manifestations of ARTerial disease (SMART) cohort were included. Insulin resistance was quantified by the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) with higher eGDR levels indicating higher insulin sensitivity (i.e. lower eGDR levels indicating higher insulin resistance). Linear regression models were used to evaluate determinants associated with eGDR. The effect of eGDR on cardiovascular events, cardiovascular events or vascular interventions (combined endpoint) and on all-cause mortality was analysed using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for confounders. Results: In 195 individuals (median follow-up 12.9 years, IQR 6.7-17.0), a total of 25 cardiovascular events, 26 vascular interventions and 27 deaths were observed. High eGDR as a marker for preserved insulin sensitivity was independently associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events (HR 0.75; 95%CI 0.61-0.91), a lower risk of cardiovascular events and vascular interventions (HR 0.74; 95%CI 0.63-0.87), and a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.81; 95%CI 0.67-0.98). Conclusions: Insulin resistance as measured by eGDR is an additional risk factor for cardiovascular disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Modification of insulin resistance by lifestyle interventions or pharmacological treatment could be a viable therapeutic target to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Roles of Nutraceuticals and Functional Food in Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

2022 ◽  
pp. 810-839
Author(s):  
Shahrul Bariyah Hamid ◽  
Auni Fatin Abd Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Medical Plants ◽  
Economic And Social Impacts ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

The chapter provides an overview of cardiovascular disease, a major cause of mortality worldwide. It relates economic and social impacts to the disease, especially in developing countries. One of the approaches to addressing this challenge is increasing awareness within society, through implementation of education programs. It is important for society to understand the types and roles of the risk factors leading to cardiovascular disease. Emphasis is on the role of functional food and nutraceuticals as dietary sources that could prevent development of cardiovascular disease. The chapter highlights roles of nutraceuticals and functional food sources from medical plants, seeds, berries, and tropical fruits in lowering risk factors. Key findings from trials conducted in Asia, China, Europe, and America provide supporting evidence for the importance of functional food to health, and its potential for modifying the level of risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases.

Coronary artery disease: Prevention of cardiovascular disease

2010 ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Kaski
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Improve Life Expectancy ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease Prevention ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

Prevention of cardiovascular disease 72 Treatment 76 Cardioprotective agents 80 Trials supporting current recommendations 84 Further reading 86 The aim of prevention is to improve life expectancy and quality of life by reducing cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. Prevention is often described as primary, involving subjects who are at risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) but are currently asymptomatic and have no evidence of CVD, or ...

scholarly journals Epidemiology, risk factors, and opportunities for prevention of cardiovascular disease in individuals of South Asian ethnicity living in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Cainzos-Achirica ◽  
Ugo Fedeli ◽  
Naveed Sattar ◽  
Charles Agyemang ◽  
Anne K. Jenum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Asian Ethnicity ◽  
South Asian Ethnicity ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease

scholarly journals Risk factors control for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in men: Evidence from the Aragon Workers Health Study (AWHS)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e0193541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Aguilar-Palacio ◽  
Sara Malo ◽  
Cristina Feja ◽  
MªJesús Lallana ◽  
Montserrat León-Latre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease
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