Description of chemical systems by their properties

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1719-1723
Author(s):  
René Dybkær
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Property Values ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
International Union ◽  
Chemical Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Correct Data ◽  
Mathematical Characteristics

Proper handling and communication of data on chemical systems require knowledge about the mathematical characteristics of different types of property and the unambiguous representation of singular properties. Using the terminology of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the concept "property" is generically divided according to various statistical characteristics of property values. The formatting of representation of dedicated kinds-of-property as elaborated by clinical chemists in the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) should ensure correct data transmission between laboratory dialects in any chemical discipline.

scholarly journals The Value Of Cre In The Formulation And Implementation Process Of Real Estate Strategies In A Company

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Jan Konowalczuk ◽  
Tomasz Ramian
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Different Types ◽  
A Company

Abstract One of the fundamental ways in which an advantage over competitors can be gained in business is to develop real estate portfolios in such a way that will lead to an increase in market share and value for shareholders. This serves as justification for the formulation and implementation of specific real estate strategies regarding the best manner in which to use CRE, make decisions regarding restructuring, and carry out necessary development projects, taking into account the criteria of: location, time, and procurement options. This paper presents the formulation and realization of real estate strategies, focusing on the use of the category of property value. Moreover, the authors formulate a possible classification of CRE, which is useful from the perspective of real estate strategies, in addition to identifying and evaluating different types of property values which can be used for real estate strategies. For the majority of operational properties, these categories differ from market value. The last part of the publication provides a reference of selected valuation methods used to determine the value of CRE in the context of formulating and implementing real estate strategies.

Statistical characteristics for the defect occurrence of raw silk

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 302-312
Author(s):  
Jian-mei Xu ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Jiantao Niu ◽  
Dongping Wu ◽  
Lun Bai
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Capacitive Sensor ◽  
Test Method ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Polya Distribution ◽  
Silk Filament ◽  
Better Than

In order to consider different defects that occur during the computer simulation of raw silk size series, it is necessary to find out the statistical characteristics for the defect occurrence of raw silk. Under the newest International Organization for Standardization standard for electronic testing of raw silk, the defects are classified into small slubs, big slubs, thick places, thin places, and small imperfection elements. By analyzing some probability distributions that happen during the silk reeling process and the formation of the defects, the study proposed that Pólya distribution may fit better than Poisson distribution in describing the number of defects formed in a certain length of silk filament. To verify this theoretical deduction experimentally, the defects for 15 lots of raw silk were tested every 1000 meters using an electronic tester for raw silk; each time 12 skeins were tested together and each test was repeated from 13 to 17 times. A goodness-of-fit test method for Poisson and Pólya distributions was deduced, which was used to analyze the statistical characteristics for the defects except for small imperfection elements. The results showed that when using the capacitive sensor, the defects of big slubs, small slubs, and thick places had a Pólya distribution with a weak spreading characteristic; the thin places were a combination of independent Pólya distributions, and each subclass of thin places took Pólya distribution; when using the optical sensor, all the defects had a Pólya distribution, which was in line with the theoretical deduction.

scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of information transmission in communication channels

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Bohdan Zhurakovskyi ◽  
Juliy Boiko ◽  
Vladymir Druzhynin ◽  
Irina Zeniv ◽  
Oleksander Eromenko
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Compression Algorithms ◽  
Practical Research ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Combined Data

<span lang="EN-US">This paper discusses compression methods focused on data transmission over communication channels. The characteristics of different algorithms for different types of incoming data are analyzed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the speed of operation of each of the compression algorithms for different types of information and different compression parameters, on the basis of the obtained results to make recommendations for the application of compression methods in systems critical to the performance of the algorithm. Based on the results of the analysis, the methods of compression that can be used in communication channels are selected: LZW, LZH, Vitter and matrix. The practical research of the selected methods on different information flows (text, graphics, measurement data, combined data) was carried out, their comparative analysis was performed. Research has highlighted compression methods that give the most optimal results in each case. Comparative evaluation of algorithms for different parameters is made, the possibility of data compression implementation in systems running in real time is analyzed. Based on the results of the study, recommendations are made for the application of particular compression methods in specific conditions.</span>

scholarly journals Methods of synchronization of electric drives not mechanically connected

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
A. E. Bychkov ◽  
◽  
T. A. Funk ◽  
A. V. Aleksandrov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
High Power ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Mathematical Apparatus ◽  
Electric Drives ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Final Operation ◽  
Made In

The article provides a comparative analysis of the structures of synchronization of the motion of electric drives of medium and high power. A comparison of synchronization structures is made in terms of the impact on the final operation of the system and hardware synchronization methods in terms of applicability and maximum performance. The mathematical apparatus is based on the principle of separation of the movements of each of the electric drives and the representation of its transfer function in matrix form. The control ranges and speed of different types of systems are compared experimentally by evaluating the speed of data transmission and evaluating the speed ripple at low revs.

scholarly journals The Perils of Perfectionism: American Reaction to the Dumbarton Oaks Proposals

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 284-302
Author(s):  
Andrew Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
League Of Nations ◽  
International Organization ◽  
American People ◽  
International Union ◽  
Roosevelt Administration ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government ◽  
The Usa ◽  
American Reaction ◽  
Political Spectrum

In the debate that followed the release of the Dumbarton Oaks proposals in 1944, the US government vigorously promoted the idea of international organization, partly due to fears of a resurgent isolationism. Yet as the debate progressed, it became clear that isolationism was not the main enemy, and concerns that the USA would not engage at all with the UN proved unfounded. Instead, the most active critics of the Dumbarton Oaks proposals were not those who wished to ignore the Dumbarton Oaks proposals, but those who wanted to perfect them. Calls for a more perfect international union came from across the political spectrum and for different reasons. Ultimately, the Roosevelt administration recognized that perfectionism was an issue that threatened the peace process. Fearing a repeat of the rejection of the League of Nations, the Roosevelt administration worked tirelessly to share the message of the Dumbarton Oaks proposals to the American people. But that message was mostly a cautious one, highlighting that while the proposed UN was not perfect, it was the best option for peace.

scholarly journals Importance Sampling for Failure Probabilities in Computing and Data Transmission

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (03) ◽  
pp. 768-790
Author(s):  
Søren Asmussen
Keyword(s):  
Importance Sampling ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Efficient Simulation ◽  
Alternative Algorithm ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Geometric Sums ◽  
Conditional Limit

In this paper we study efficient simulation algorithms for estimating P(X›x), where X is the total time of a job with ideal time T that needs to be restarted after a failure. The main tool is importance sampling, where a good importance distribution is identified via an asymptotic description of the conditional distribution of T given X›x. If T≡t is constant, the problem reduces to the efficient simulation of geometric sums, and a standard algorithm involving a Cramér-type root, γ(t), is available. However, we also discuss an algorithm that avoids finding the root. If T is random, particular attention is given to T having either a gamma-like tail or a regularly varying tail, and to failures at Poisson times. Different types of conditional limit occur, in particular exponentially tilted Gumbel distributions and Pareto distributions. The algorithms based upon importance distributions for T using these asymptotic descriptions have bounded relative error as x→∞ when combined with the ideas used for a fixed t. Nevertheless, we give examples of algorithms carefully designed to enjoy bounded relative error that may provide little or no asymptotic improvement over crude Monte Carlo simulation when the computational effort is taken into account. To resolve this problem, an alternative algorithm using two-sided Lundberg bounds is suggested.

Properties and Units in the Clinical Laboratory Sciences. Part XIX. Properties and Units for Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology (IUPAC Technical Report)

2003 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1477-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Varming ◽  
U. Forsum ◽  
Ivan Bruunshuus ◽  
H. Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Laboratory Medicine ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
International Union ◽  
Ongoing Effort ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Clinical Laboratory Sciences

This document is part of an ongoing effort to standardize transmission of laboratory data across cultural and linguistic domains, without attempting to standardize the routine language used by clinicians and laboratory practitioners. It comprises a general introduction and an alphabetic list of properties. The list is based on the syntax for properties recommended by the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) and the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). The nomenclature is primarily from the Working Party on Terminology of the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document