Unemployment and cause-specific mortality among the Belgian working-age population: The role of social context and gender

Purpose of the research. To examine the dynamics of reproduction of labor potential and labor supply in Russia for the period up to 2035, depending on the impact factors of its reproduction: generation change (changes in the proportion of cohort, entering and leaving at the age composition of the labor potential), fertility and mortality rates, migration balance in the individual age cohorts. Materials and methods. The concept of “replacement of generations” is introduced. The coefficient of replacement of generations is developed and its value for labor potential of Russia for the period up to 2035 is calculated. The influence of factors of natural population movement on the dynamics of labor potential is analyzed. The compensating role of the migration factor in the conditions of labor potential reduction is calculated. Russian regions were grouped according to the following criteria: the direction and intensity of changes in the working-age population in 2020–2035 and the proportion of young people aged 0–15 years. Results. – There will be the reduction and aging of labor potential during the second stage of depopulation due to demographic factors. – The decline in the working-age population in the second wave of depopulation is expected to be smaller than in the first wave. – In Russia there will be a decrease in the replacement of generations in the contingent of people of the working age. – The growth of Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in the forecast period should not be expected, because until 2030 a gradual decrease in the number of women of reproductive age is expected. – The deepest failure in the population of the working age will be in 2020–2025 accounting for 1.7 million people according to the average variant of the forecast. – In the forecast period, the labor force in the most productive age of 25–39 years will decrease by 10.5 million people, and the employment rate will decrease from 65.5% to 63.5%. – Regional features of the formation of demand and supply of labor force in Russia cause the allocation of six homogeneous groups of regions. – In order to compensate for the losses, it is necessary to increase the migration gain in the average version of ROSSTAT forecast by 2–2.5 times. Conclusion. To meet the needs of the economy in the labor force in the forecast period, it is necessary to solve two interrelated tasks: compensation for the reduction of labor potential and ensuring the quality of labor potential necessary for the introduction of new technologies and digitalization of the economy. The unfavorable situation with the formation of labor resources is exacerbated by regional imbalances in the distribution of labor potential and differences in its quality across the country. In the future, migration is once again the only source of replenishment of labor potential and replacement of generations, despite the risks of quality losses due to the emigration of highly qualified persons and young people. It is necessary to take measures to increase the compensatory role of migration in the next five – six years. At the same time, migration policy measures should be considered in close conjunction with other measures to stimulate fertility and reduce mortality, ensuring a positive impact on the components of the population growth.

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Diabetic Retinopathy, lncRNAs, and Inflammation: A Dynamic, Interconnected Network

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8071033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Saumik Biswas ◽

Marie Sarabusky ◽

Subrata Chakrabarti

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Vision Loss ◽

Interconnected Network ◽

Working Age ◽

Modulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Working Age Population ◽

Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is reaching epidemic levels globally due to the increase in prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM). DR also has detrimental effects to quality of life, as it is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population and the most common cause of vision loss in individuals with DM. Over several decades, many studies have recognized the role of inflammation in the development and progression of DR; however, in recent years, accumulating evidence has also suggested that non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding (lncRNAs), are aberrantly expressed in diabetes and may play a putative role in the development and progression of DR through the modulation of gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, or epigenetic level. In this review, we will first highlight some of the key inflammatory mediators and transcription factors involved in DR, and we will then introduce the critical roles of lncRNAs in DR and inflammation. Following this, we will discuss the implications of lncRNAs in other epigenetic mechanisms that may also contribute to the progression of inflammation in DR.

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SOCIAL SERVICES AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR THE CONSERVATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL OF RURAL TERRITORIES

EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA ◽

10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.07.01.015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (7) ◽

pp. 106-111

Author(s):

E. S. OGORODNIKOVA ◽

Keyword(s):

Human Capital ◽

Social Services ◽

Drug Addiction ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Labor Process ◽

Holistic View ◽

Working Age ◽

Working Age Population

The relevance of the study is due to the existence of the problem of excluding a significant proportion of the working-age population from the labor process for reasons of disability, the presence of chronic diseases, alcohol and drug addiction, and care for disabled family members. Losses of human capital for this reason exceed the indicators of migration of the working-age population to cities. The purpose of the article is to obtain a holistic view of the role of social services in preserving the human capital of rural areas. The analysis showed that the Standards and procedures for the provision of medical care and social services do not take into account the specifics of rural areas.

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Gastrointestinal and liver disorders

Fitness for Work ◽

10.1093/med/9780198808657.003.0033 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 746-766

Author(s):

Ira Madan ◽

Simon Hellier

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Gastrointestinal Infections ◽

Liver Disorders ◽

Health Practitioners ◽

Working Age ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

The Common ◽

Working Age Population ◽

Faecal Leakage

This chapter covers the common gastrointestinal and liver disorders which occur in the working age population. Disorders affecting the bowel may result in frequency and urgency of defaecation, excess flatulence, and faecal leakage, which necessitate rapid and frequent access to lavatory facilities, but workers often find it embarrassing to disclose their symptoms or their needs to their managers. Other disorders, such as gastrointestinal infections in food handlers, may pose a risk to the general population; in addition, hepatitis A may pose a risk to co-workers. Finally, the prevalence of obesity in the working age population is rapidly increasing and the role of occupational health practitioners and the workplace in its prevention and management is discussed.

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Partisan Disagreement: The Role of Media, Personal Networks and Gender in Forming Political Preferences

Urbanisation ◽

10.1177/24557471211043644 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. S141-S157

Author(s):

Sumitra Badrinathan ◽

Deepaboli Chatterjee ◽

Devesh Kapur ◽

Neelanjan Sircar

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Personal Networks ◽

Media Access ◽

Media Usage ◽

Political Preferences ◽

Working Age ◽

And Gender

In this article, we seek to understand the role of media and non-media personal networks in generating the opportunity for women to express political preferences that are different from men within the household—what we call partisan disagreement—using a survey of over 6,000 households in the Indian urban clusters of Patna and Dhanbad. We demonstrate a significant gender gap in both mobile phone ownership and media access among working age women. Due to low media access among women, we find that partisan disagreement is most likely when women have access to personal networks outside of the household, either due to employment or an opportunity to travel outside the home. For instance, women engaged in agricultural labour are 8 to 9 percentage points more likely to demonstrate partisan disagreement than unemployed women. While access is still low among women, men and women display similar patterns of social media usage. We suggest that this is due to the fact that social media can be consumed privately without family interference and highlight the potential of social media to reduce gender gaps in media access as mobile phone penetration and levels of education grow in India.

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New approaches to the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in people of working age

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-11-821-823 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 60 (11) ◽

pp. 821-823

Author(s):

Aleksej V. Lobeev

Keyword(s):

Arterial Hypertension ◽

School Attendance ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Control Measurement ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Preventive Actions ◽

Working Age ◽

Working Age Population ◽

Pressure Indicators ◽

And Gender

Introduction. Chronic non-communicable diseases (CND) are a global health problem. In Russia, there is still a high mortality rate from CND, especially among the working-age population. A promising method of dealing with the chronic noninfectious diseases are school of health. For the working-age population, health schools can be one of the most effective and affordable methods of preventing CND. The aim of study is to analyze the attendance of the school of health for arterial hypertension. Consider alternatives to combat CND in the working-age population, similar to health schools. Materials and methods. During the work, we used data from the school of health on arterial hypertension, conducted on the basis of the GBUZ "City polyclinic No. 8" DZM. The study included all male and female patients who attended school in 2018. at the age of 18 and older. The assessment of school attendance, age and gender characteristics of students, test results, and analysis of systolic and diastolic blood pressure indicators at the control reception was carried out. Results. 140 people were trained, including 116 women (83%) and 24 men (17%). The average age of patients ranged from 43 to 90 (72.3±9) years. Among the students there were only 18 (12.9%) people of working age:14 women and 4 men. The age of women ranged from 43 to 90 years, men - from 60 to 89 years. During the training, the level of knowledge of patients increased from 6.3±1.7 (out of 10 possible) to 9.0±0.9 points (p<0.001). According to the results of the control measurement, the average SAP was 131.1±11.8 mm Hg, and the DAP was 78.6±9.0 mm Hg. For patients of working age, the average SAP was 130.4±15.1 mm Hg, and the DAP was 76.5±8.3 mm Hg. Conclusions. Training in the school of health significantly increases the level of medical awareness of patients about their disease. There is a need for greater promotion of health schools among the working-age population. Student and trade Union platforms for organizing preventive actions can serve as an alternative to health schools for able-bodied citizens. Remote methods of prevention and raising medical awareness can become a new stage in the development of CND prevention.

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Analisis preferensi pilihan jenis pekerjaan di Bangka Belitung

Jurnal Paradigma Ekonomika ◽

10.22437/paradigma.v14i1.5435 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Muhammad Basorudin ◽

Nadia Humairo

Keyword(s):

Working Hours ◽

Alternative Measure ◽

Job Choice ◽

Multinomial Regression ◽

Male And Female ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Multinomial Regression Model ◽

Working Age ◽

Working Age Population ◽

And Gender

Preference of job choice is a study to look the pattern of the economy in a region. This study is also used as an alternative measure to look at the economy structure in that region other than GDP distribution. The purpose of this study is to determine the preferences of the working age population in choosing the type of employment based on the number of working hours and gender. By using logistic multinomial regression model, the variables used are the categorical independent variables ie gender (male and female) and working hours (0-34 hours and 35+ hours per week) and the nominal response variable ie primary jobs (primary, secondary, and tertiary). The results showed that variables the number of working hours and gender significantly affect the main types of primary jobs.

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