Beneficial effects of troxerutin on metabolic disorders in non-obese model of metabolic syndrome

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-3 series (n-3 LC-PUFA), are known for their preventive effects against cardiovascular disease. In an unfavourable economic and environmental context of fish oil production, marine microalgae could be an alternative source of n-3 LC-PUFA and are of interest for human nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of P. tricornutum, a microalga rich in eicosapentaenoic acid and used as a food supplement, on the metabolic disorders associated with metabolic syndrome and obesity development. Three male Wistar rat groups (n = 6) were submitted for eight weeks to a standard diet or high-fat diet (HF) with 10% fructose in drinking water, supplemented or not with 12% of P. tricornutum (HF-Phaeo). Supplementation led to n-3 LC-PUFA enrichment of lipids in the liver, plasma and erythrocytes. Plasma transaminases showed no difference between the HF and HF-Phaeo groups. Body weight, fat mass, inflammatory markers and insulinemia decreased in HF-Phaeo rats versus the HF group. Plasma total cholesterol, triacylglycerols and leptine diminished in HF-Phaeo rats, while HDL-cholesterol increased. In conclusion, this study highlights the beneficial effects of P. tricornutum in reducing the metabolic disorders associated with metabolic syndrome.

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Novel and Practical Approaches to Manage Diet-induced Metabolic Disorders: Part-I

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/138161282639201110165712 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (39) ◽

pp. 4953-4954

Author(s):

Mallikarjuna Korivi ◽

Betty Revon Liu

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Modern World ◽

Successful Management ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Dietary Strategies ◽

Global Health Problem

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) which is caused by poor dietary habits and sedentary behavior is a serious global health problem. MetS is a cluster of risk factors, represented by central obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. In the 21st century, MetS and associated comorbidities, including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, are the major threats to human health. Practical dietary strategies, nutritional bioactive compounds and a healthy lifestyle are claimed to be efficient in the management of one or more components of MetS. Nevertheless successful management of MetS and commodities is still a major concern. Since hyperglycemia, inflammation and redox imbalance are intrinsically involved in the progression of MetS comorbidities, finding effective strategies that precisely target these systems is highly warranted. In this scenario, pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches with or without dietary patterns, phytochemicals or exercise interventions are the practical strategies to combat MetS and associated diseases. However, designing and prescribing of optimal nutritional patterns and exercise regimens remains a big challenge to achieve the maximum beneficial effects. This thematic issue addressed the concerns and provided practical strategies to overcome the malady of MetS in the modern world.

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Dietary Carotenoids in Managing Metabolic Syndrome and Role of PPARs in the Process

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401315666190619111557 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 846-853

Author(s):

Raghunandan Purohith ◽

Nagendra P.M. Nagalingaswamy ◽

Nanjunda S. Shivananju

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Dietary Antioxidants ◽

Predisposing Factor ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Established Relationship ◽

Comprehensive Study

Metabolic syndrome is a collective term that denotes disorder in metabolism, symptoms of which include hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and endothelial dysfunction. Diet is a major predisposing factor in the development of metabolic syndrome, and dietary intervention is necessary for both prevention and management. The bioactive constituents of food play a key role in this process. Micronutrients such as vitamins, carotenoids, amino acids, flavonoids, minerals, and aromatic pigment molecules found in fruits, vegetables, spices, and condiments are known to have beneficial effects in preventing and managing metabolic syndrome. There exists a well-established relationship between oxidative stress and major pathological conditions such as inflammation, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Consequently, dietary antioxidants are implicated in the remediation of these complications. The mechanism of action and targets of dietary antioxidants as well as their effects on related pathways are being extensively studied and elucidated in recent times. This review attempts a comprehensive study of the role of dietary carotenoids in alleviating metabolic syndromewith an emphasis on molecular mechanism-in the light of recent advances.

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Beneficial Effects of Akkermansia muciniphila Are Not Associated with Major Changes in the Circulating Endocannabinoidome but Linked to Higher Mono-Palmitoyl-Glycerol Levels as New PPARα Agonists

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10010185 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 185

Author(s):

Clara Depommier ◽

Rosa Maria Vitale ◽

Fabio Arturo Iannotti ◽

Cristoforo Silvestri ◽

Nicolas Flamand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Akkermansia Muciniphila ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Daily Ingestion ◽

Before And After ◽

Palmitoyl Glycerol

Akkermansia muciniphila is considered as one of the next-generation beneficial bacteria in the context of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. Although a first proof-of-concept of its beneficial effects has been established in the context of metabolic syndrome in humans, mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study aimed at deciphering whether the bacterium exerts its beneficial properties through the modulation of the endocannabinoidome (eCBome). Circulating levels of 25 endogenous endocannabinoid-related lipids were quantified by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the plasma of overweight or obese individuals before and after a 3 months intervention consisting of the daily ingestion of either alive or pasteurized A. muciniphila. Results from multivariate analyses suggested that the beneficial effects of A. muciniphila were not linked to an overall modification of the eCBome. However, subsequent univariate analysis showed that the decrease in 1-Palmitoyl-glycerol (1-PG) and 2-Palmitoyl-glycerol (2-PG), two eCBome lipids, observed in the placebo group was significantly counteracted by the alive bacterium, and to a lower extent by the pasteurized form. We also discovered that 1- and 2-PG are endogenous activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). We hypothesize that PPARα activation by mono-palmitoyl-glycerols may underlie part of the beneficial metabolic effects induced by A. muciniphila in human metabolic syndrome.

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Emerging roles of C1Q tumor necrosis factor-related proteins in metabolic diseases

Translational Medicine Communications ◽

10.1186/s41231-021-00083-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manjunath Ramanjaneya ◽

Jayakumar Jerobin ◽

Ilham Bettahi ◽

Kodappully Sivaraman Siveen ◽

Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Pharmacological Intervention ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Related Proteins ◽

Necrosis Factor

AbstractObesity and insulin resistance are key elements of the metabolic syndrome, which includes type 2 diabetes (T2D), dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation, hypertension, elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). C1Q Tumor necrosis factor-related proteins (CTRPs) have recently emerged as important regulators of metabolism as a core component in the interrelationship between insulin resistance, adiposity and inflammation. To date 15 CTRP members have been identified and most of the CTRPs are dysregulated in obesity, T2D, coronary artery disease and NAFLD. Pharmacological intervention and lifestyle modification alter expression of CTRPs in circulation and in metabolically active tissues. CTRPs enhance metabolism mainly through activation of AMPK/AKT dependent pathways and possess insulin sensitizing properties. Thus dysregulated expression of CTRPs in metabolic disorders could contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. For these reasons CTRPs appear to be promising targets for early detection, prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders. This review article aims at exploring the role of CTRPs in metabolic syndrome.

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The beneficial effects of Lactobacillus fermented black barley on high fat diet-induced fatty liver in rats

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo00290b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qi Guan ◽

Xinwen Ding ◽

Lingyue Zhong ◽

Chuang Zhu ◽

Pan Nie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Liver ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

High Fat ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Phytochemical Composition

Long term high-fat diet (HF) can cause metabolic disorders, which might induce fatty liver. Fermented whole cereal food exhibit healthy potential due to their unique phytochemical composition and probiotics. In...

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Beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with olive oil, oleic acid, or hydroxytyrosol in metabolic syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis

Free Radical Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.06.017 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rosario Pastor ◽

Cristina Bouzas ◽

Josep A. Tur

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Oleic Acid ◽

Olive Oil ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Beneficial Effects

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Adipokines, Myokines, and Hepatokines: Crosstalk and Metabolic Repercussions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22052639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 2639

Author(s):

Ana Rita de Oliveira dos Santos ◽

Bárbara de Oliveira Zanuso ◽

Vitor Fernando Bordin Miola ◽

Sandra Maria Barbalho ◽

Patrícia C. Santos Bueno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

The Body ◽

Healthy Weight ◽

Beta Oxidation ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Muscle Tissues ◽

Endocrine Organs ◽

Sharing Space

Adipose, skeletal, and hepatic muscle tissues are the main endocrine organs that produce adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines. These biomarkers can be harmful or beneficial to an organism and still perform crosstalk, acting through the endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine pathways. This study aims to review the crosstalk between adipokines, myokines, and hepatokines. Far beyond understanding the actions of each biomarker alone, it is important to underline that these cytokines act together in the body, resulting in a complex network of actions in different tissues, which may have beneficial or non-beneficial effects on the genesis of various physiological disorders and their respective outcomes, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Overweight individuals secrete more pro-inflammatory adipokines than those of a healthy weight, leading to an impaired immune response and greater susceptibility to inflammatory and infectious diseases. Myostatin is elevated in pro-inflammatory environments, sharing space with pro-inflammatory organokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), resistin, and chemerin. Fibroblast growth factor FGF21 acts as a beta-oxidation regulator and decreases lipogenesis in the liver. The crosstalk mentioned above can interfere with homeostatic disorders and can play a role as a potential therapeutic target that can assist in the methods of diagnosing metabolic syndrome and CVD.

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