scholarly journals Monitoring caesarean births using the Robson ten group classification system: A cross-sectional survey of private for-profit facilities in urban Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e0220693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmina Begum ◽  
Herfina Nababan ◽  
Aminur Rahman ◽  
Md Rajibul Islam ◽  
Alayne Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Group Classification ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
For Profit ◽  
System A

scholarly journals Consensus-based classification system for intra-operative management of labral tears during hip arthroscopy—aggregate recommendations from high-volume hip preservation surgeons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay C Lall ◽  
Shawn Annin ◽  
Jeff W Chen ◽  
Samantha Diulus ◽  
Hari K Ankem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Classification System ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Labral Repair ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System A ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Comprehensive Classification

Abstract The purpose of this study was to survey high-volume hip preservation surgeons regarding their perspectives on intra-operative management of labral tears to improve decision-making and produce an effective classification system. A cross-sectional survey of high-volume hip preservation surgeons was conducted in person and anonymously, using a questionnaire that is repeated for indications of labral debridement, repair and reconstruction given the torn labra are stable, unstable, viable or non-viable. Twenty-six high-volume arthroscopic hip surgeons participated in this survey. Provided the labrum was viable (torn tissue that is likely to heal) and stable, labral debridement would be performed by 76.92% of respondents for patients >40 years of age and by >84% of respondents for stable intra-substance labral tears in patients without dysplasia. If the labrum was viable but unstable, labral repair would be performed by >80% of respondents for patients ≤40 years of age and > 80% of respondents if the labral size was >3 mm and located anteriorly. Presence of calcified labra or the Os acetabuli mattered while deciding whether to repair a labrum. In non-viable (torn tissue that is unlikely to heal) and unstable labra, labral reconstruction would be performed by 84.62% of respondents if labral size was <3 mm. The majority of respondents would reconstruct calcified and non-viable, unstable labra that no longer maintained a suction seal. Surgeons performing arthroscopic hip labral treatment may utilize this comprehensive classification system, which takes into consideration patient age, labral characteristics (viability and stability) and bony morphology of the hip joint. When choosing between labral debridement, repair or reconstruction, consensus recommendations from high-volume hip preservation surgeons can enhance decision-making.

Elite Athletes’ Perspectives on Providing Whereabouts Information: A Survey of Athletes in the Norwegian Registered Testing Pool / Das Meldesystem und die Anti-Doping-Bestimmungen aus der Sicht der Athleten: Eine Befragung norwegischer Athleten

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dag V. Haristad ◽  
Eivind A. Skille ◽  
Miranda Thurston
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Elite Sport ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System A ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

SummaryThis paper reports on the perspectives of elite athletes on anti-doping work in general and on the whereabouts system in particular, and uses a figurational perspective to explore the unintended consequences of the planned introduction of the whereabouts system. A cross-sectional survey of all the athletes in the Norwegian registered testing pool (n = 236, response rate = 80.8%) was carried out in 2006, using a structured questionnaire. Overall, 70.6% of the athletes agreed that doping was a problem in elite sport in general, but paradoxically only 17.5% agreed that doping was a problem in their own sport. However, more than four in ten (43%) of the athletes agreed that the whereabouts information system made a contribution to a “cleaner” sport. Some athletes thought the system was unfair. The whereabouts information system had, despite all good intentions, outcomes other than those planned and intended by the WADA. Thus, athletes’ views might fruitfully be integrated with other perspectives when anti-doping work is developed further.

scholarly journals Caesarean section trends in Catalonia between 2013 and 2017 based on the Robson classification system: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234727
Author(s):  
Garazi Carrillo-Aguirre ◽  
Albert Dalmau-Bueno ◽  
Carlos Campillo-Artero ◽  
Anna García-Altés
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Robson Classification ◽  
System A

Patient and clinician perspectives of an integrated electronic medication prescribing and dispensing system: A qualitative study at a multisite Australian hospital network

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Lau ◽  
Jayde Ho ◽  
Susan Lin ◽  
Karen Yeoh ◽  
Tiffany Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Electronic Prescribing ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
System A ◽  
Clinician Perspectives ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Clinician Attitudes ◽  
Australian Hospital

Background: While clinician attitudes towards electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) systems have been widely studied, little is known about the perspectives of patients, despite being the primary beneficiaries of these systems. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore and compare patient and clinician attitudes towards an integrated e-prescribing and dispensing system, in order to guide improvements in system implementation, service delivery and enhancements to system functionality. Method: A cross-sectional survey was developed and administered to patients and multidisciplinary clinicians at a multisite Australian metropolitan teaching hospital network in all areas where e-prescribing was fully implemented. Participants’ views on perceived impact and valued features of the e-prescribing system were elucidated. Results: Overall, 783 participants (400 patients and 383 clinicians) completed the survey. Although 98% of clinicians were aware of the transition to e-prescriptions, only 36% of patients were aware prior to the study. Over 80% of patients and clinicians perceived improvements in prescribing and dispensing safety and clinician workflow; 90% of patients were comfortable with information privacy associated with e-prescriptions; and 86% of patients preferred e-prescriptions to handwritten prescriptions. Although over 80% of patients valued features that improved access to information and medication safety, clinicians were more discerning about valued system features. Conclusion: The majority of patients and clinicians reported a positive impact of e-prescribing on safety and efficiency. Both groups valued safe and effective use of medicines, although differences existed in the importance placed on key system features. A greater focus on patient engagement and communication is needed to optimise the delivery of patient-centred care.

scholarly journals Characteristics of funding of clinical trials: cross-sectional survey and proposed guidance

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e015997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maram B Hakoum ◽  
Nahla Jouni ◽  
Eliane A Abou-Jaoude ◽  
Divina Justina Hasbani ◽  
Elias A Abou-Jaoude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Funding Information ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesTo provide a detailed and current characterisation of funding of a representative sample clinical trials. We also aimed to develop guidance for standardised reporting of funding information.MethodsWe addressed the extent to which clinical trials published in 2015 in any of the 119 Core Clinical Journals included a statement on the funding source (eg, whether a not-for-profit organisation was supported by a private-for-profit organisation), type of funding, amount and role of funder. We used a stepwise approach to develop a guidance and an instrument for standardised reporting of funding information.ResultsOf 200 trials, 178 (89%) included a funding statement, of which 171 (96%) reported being funded. Funding statements in the 171 funded trials indicated the source in 100%, amount in 1% and roles of funders in 50%. The most frequent sources were governmental (58%) and private-for-profit (40%). Of 54 funding statements in which the source was a not-for-profit organisation, we found evidence of undisclosed support of those from private-for-profit organisation(s) in 26 (48%). The most frequently reported roles of funders in the 171 funded trials related to study design (42%) and data analysis, interpretation or management (41%). Of 139 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) addressing pharmacological or surgical interventions, 29 (21%) reported information on the supplier of the medication or device. The proposed guidance addresses both the funding information that RCTs should report and the reporting process. Attached to the guidance is a fillable PDF document for use as an instrument for standardised reporting of funding information.ConclusionAlthough the majority of RCTs report funding, there is considerable variability in the reporting of funding source, amount and roles of funders. A standardised approach to reporting of funding information would address these limitations. Future research should explore the implications of funding by not-for-profit organisations that are supported by for-profit organisations.

scholarly journals The Subaxial Cervical AO Spine Injury Score

2020 ◽  
pp. 219256822097433
Author(s):  
Jose A. Canseco ◽  
Gregory D. Schroeder ◽  
Taylor M. Paziuk ◽  
Brian A. Karamian ◽  
Frank Kandziora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Cervical Spine Injury ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Injury Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severity Rating ◽  
Subaxial Cervical Spine ◽  
Injury Classification

Study Design: Global cross-sectional survey. Objective: To develop an injury score for the AO Spine Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification System. Methods: Respondents numerically graded each variable within the classification system for severity. Based on the results, and with input from the AO Spine Trauma Knowledge Forum, the Subaxial Cervical AO Spine Injury Score was developed. Results: An A0 injury was assigned an injury score of 0, A1 a score of 1, and A2 a score of 2. Given the significant increase in severity, A3 was given a score of 4. Based on equal severity assessment, A4 and B1 were both assigned a score of 5. B2 and B3 injuries were assigned a score of 6. Unstable C-type injuries were given a score of 7. Stable F1 injuries were assigned a score of 2, with a 2-point increase for F2 injuries. Likewise, F3 injuries received a score of 5, whereas more unstable F4 injuries a score of 7. Neurologic status severity rating scores increased stepwise, with scores of 0 for N0, 1 for N1, and 2 for N2. Consistent with the Thoracolumbar AO Spine Injury Score, N3 (incomplete) and N4 (complete) injuries were given a score of 4. Finally, case-specific modifiers M1 (PLC injury) received a score of 1, while M2 (critical disc herniation) and M3 (spine stiffening disease) received a score of 4. Conclusions: The Subaxial Cervical AO Spine Injury Score is an easy-to-use metric that can help develop a surgical algorithm to supplement the AO Spine Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification System.

scholarly journals PERCEPTIONS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN MALAWI: A COUNTRY CONTEXT UNDERSTANDING OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Charles Mwastika
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
Classical Economic

Entrepreneurship is considered a strategy for economic development, but other scholars found that it does not bring economic growth in developing countries. Although entrepreneurship has multiple perspectives, there is a lack of knowledge about prevailing perceptions and activities undertaken in developing countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to measure the perceptions of entrepreneurship in Malawi to have country context knowledge of the concept that guides what is undertaken as entrepreneurship. A cross-sectional survey of 337 enterprise owners and managers was undertaken using a questionnaire. Participants were requested to provide their top-of-the-mind definitions of entrepreneurship and activities their enterprises had undertaken which were considered entrepreneurial. Analyses of definitions and activities undertaken were used to draw out perceptions of entrepreneurship. The study found that starting and managing one's own business for profit, creating jobs, and being self-employed is the prevailing understanding of entrepreneurship in Malawi. The study further found low innovation among enterprises. Although the perceptions found reflect classical economic perspectives, they are inadequate to ignite economic development because of a lack of focus on innovation. The findings imply that understanding a concept is important in practice.  Therefore, stakeholders are encouraged to appraise their knowledge about entrepreneurship to align with theories where entrepreneurship is the driver of business growth and economic development. Further studies are required on the relationships between perceptions of entrepreneurship, activities undertaken, and economic development to advance entrepreneurial knowledge in Sub-Saharan Africa.

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