scholarly journals Prediction of carcass composition through measurements in vivo and measurements of the carcass of growing Santa Inês sheep

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247950
Author(s):  
Mariléa Batista Gomes ◽  
Maria Luciana Menezes Wanderley Neves ◽  
Lígia Maria Gomes Barreto ◽  
Marcelo de Andrade Ferreira ◽  
João Paulo Ismério dos Santos Monnerat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Compactness Index

In vivo and carcass measurements were evaluated to predict carcass physical and chemical composition and to list the measurements that best fit the prediction of the composition of growing Santa Inês sheep carcasses. Thirty-three animals were used to measure the loin eye area by ultrasound in vivo (LEAu) and in the carcass. We used 39 animals for biometric measurement in vivo and 42 sheep for morphometric measurement in the carcass. For the physical and chemical compositions of carcasses, dissection of the half left carcass was carried out in 42 animals. The data were submitted to Pearson’s correlation analysis and t test. Simple and multiple linear regressions were performed using a stepwise procedure. All correlations between in vivo measurements and the physical and chemical compositions of carcasses (in kg) were significant, except for LEAu. Biometric measurements and hot (HCW) and cold (CCW) carcass weights were considered as predictors of the carcasses’ physical and chemical compositions. Slaughter body weight (SBW) was the variable that most influenced the equations in the assessment of in vivo measurements and HCW and CCW most influenced the equations for measurements on carcasses. Biometric measurements of Santa Inês sheep can be used together with the SBW to estimate the physical and chemical compositions of carcasses, with emphasis on body compactness index, breast width, wither height, and croup height. The morphometric measurements can be used together with carcass weight to estimate the physical and chemical compositions of carcasses, with emphasis on croup width, carcass compactness index, croup perimeter, external and internal carcass lengths, chest width, and leg length and perimeter. The HCW can be used to predict the physical and chemical composition of carcasses without affecting the accuracy of the prediction model.

CARCASS COMPOSITION OF YORKSHIRE BARROWS AND GILTS SLAUGHTERED BETWEEN 85 and 112 KG BODY WEIGHT

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ FORTIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
Yorkshire Pigs ◽  
Intermuscular Fat ◽  
The Right ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Thirty-two Yorkshire pigs, 16 barrows and 16 gilts, were slaughtered at four weights (85, 92, 103 and 112 kg) to determine the effect of body weight at slaughter on the physical and chemical composition of the carcass. The right side was dissected into meat (including intra- and intermuscular fat), separable fat and bone which were subsequently analyzed for moisture, protein (N × 6.25), ether extract and ash. Sex did not influence (P < 0.05) carcass composition at any of the four slaughter weights. Increasing slaughter weight did not markedly alter the meat percentage of the carcass side but decreased the percentage of bone (P < 0.01). A trend toward an increasing percentage of separable fat was confirmed by the use of the allometric function Y = aXb. The effect of slaughter weight was more pronounced on the chemical than on the physical composition of the carcass side especially with respect to protein percentage. The chemical compositions of the meat, separable fat and bone were also determined. The protein percentage of each of the three physically separable components of the carcass side decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing slaughter weight. The partitioning of the chemically determined components among meat, separable fat and bone was not influenced by sex or by slaughter weight. Key words: Carcass composition, swine, sex, slaughter weight

scholarly journals PSVII-7 Equations for estimating commercial meat cuts of water buffaloes finished in feedlot

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 297-298
Author(s):  
Vanessa R M Jacob ◽  
André M Castilhos ◽  
Caroline L Francisco ◽  
Patricia A C Luz ◽  
Daiane C Marques da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Water Buffaloes ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Compactness Index

Abstract Equations for estimating commercial meat cuts of water buffaloes finished in feedlot (means of initial body weight and age of 314 ±117 kg and 13 ±1.2 months, respectively) using biometric measurements performed in vivo, carcass traits performed postmortem, and the set of both measurements were determined. Seventy-five non-castrated males (25 of each genetic group: Jafarabadi, Mediterranean and Murrah) were used and allocated in collective pens to receive feeding and water ad libitum for 240 days. Body weight (BW), hip height (HH), and ultrasound assessments (backfat thickness – BFT; Ribeye area – REA) were performed and tested as independent variables. After the slaughter, the non-carcass components of each animal were weighed to obtain the empty body weight (EBW). Hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW), carcass length (CL, cm), carcass depth (CD, cm), and carcass compactness index (CCI, kg/cm) were obtained and tested as independent variables. The meat cuts (Brisket, Flank plate, Rump, Rump cap, Striploin, and Tenderloin) were obtained from right half-carcass and weighed. The equations were determined using the stepwise regression method and Mallows’ Cp criterion, and processed by the REG procedure in SAS. The independent variables which were included differed among the meat cut equations which can use both independent variables obtained in vivo and postmortem, or only those obtained postmortem: Brisket, kg = 0.165-0.004×EBW+0.007×HCW+0.017×CCW (R2 =0.81, SE =0.27, Cp=1.81); Flank plate, kg = -2.643-0.013×HCW+0.028×CCI +2.681×CL-1,021×HH (R2 =0.68, SE =0.116, Cp=2.73); Rump, kg = -4.975-0.004×EBW-0.004×HCW+0.032×CCI+4.771×CL-1.662×CD-0.017×BFT (R2 =0.84, SE =0.18, Cp=6.17); Rump Cap, kg = -0.485-0.002×EBW+0.011×CCI -1.291×CL (R2 =0.78, SE =0.19, Cp=2.20); Striploin, kg = -0.088-0.004×EBW+0.020×HCW +0.019×CCI-2.949×CL (R2 =0.85, SE =0.35, Cp=3.97); Tenderloin, kg = -2.125 + 0.008×CCI +1.863×CL-1.697×CD+0.698×HH-0.014×BFT (R2 =0.84, SE =0.12, Cp=5.89). In conclusion, the equations for estimating commercial meat cuts present good prediction and can be used for different GG of water buffaloes. Supported by FAPESP (#2014/05473-7).

scholarly journals In vivo ultrasound and biometric measurements predict the empty body chemical composition in Nellore cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1678-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Castilhos ◽  
C L Francisco ◽  
R H Branco ◽  
S F M Bonilha ◽  
M E Z Mercadante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Biometric Measurements

The chemical composition and ruminal disappearance of pistachio by-product

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 224-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atiyeh Bohluli ◽  
Abasali Naserian ◽  
Reza Valizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
The World ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Iran is the greatest pistachio producer in the world. A large quantity of pistachio by-product (at least 150,000 tons in DM) is produced from pistachio dehulling process in Iran, annually. The results of some experiments show this by¬product can be used as a feedstuff for ruminants (Shakeri and Fazaeli, 2005; VAhmani et. al., 2005). However, more information about physical and chemical compositions of this by-product is needed. Pistachio by-product is mainly consists of epicarp, peduncle, leaf and a little amount of mesocarp and kernel. The aim of this study was to determine chemical composition and in situ dry matter disappearance of each part of pistachio by-product (Ohadi variety) after 0, 12 and 24 h incubation in the rumen.

scholarly journals Regression Equations of Energy Values of Corn, Soybean Meal, and Wheat Bran Developed by Chemical Composition for Growing Pigs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1490
Author(s):  
Pan Yang ◽  
Jian Jun Ni ◽  
Jin Biao Zhao ◽  
Gang Zhang ◽  
Cheng Fei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Best Fit

The objectives of this study were to determine the chemical compositions, digestible energy (DE), and metabolizable energy (ME) in corn, soybean meal (SBM) and wheat bran (WB) fed to growing pigs, and to develop regression equations for predicting DE and ME. Three separate experiments were conducted to determine DE and ME of corn, SBM, and WB. The DE and ME in corn were determined directly using 10 barrows allotted to a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square design, and the diets were formulated with one of 10 corn samples. The DE and ME in SBM and WB were determined by difference using two corn basal diets and 10 corn-SBM or 10 corn-SBM-WB diets, which were allotted to a replicated 6 × 6 Latin square design. Ten corn samples were obtained from the main corn producing areas of China. Ten SBM samples were obtained from nine different crushing facilities in nine provinces in China. Ten WB samples were collected from different feed mills of China. Samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), gross energy (GE), and soluble carbohydrates (SCHO). The best-fit equations for corn were DE (MJ/kg DM) = 20.18 − 0.76 × EE (%) and ME (MJ/kg DM) = 5.74 + 1.11 × DE (MJ/kg DM) − 0.33 × CP (%) − 0.07 × SCHO (%). The best-fit equations for SBM were DE (MJ/kg DM) = 42.91 − 3.43 × Ash (%) − 0.20 × NDF (%) + 0.09 × ADF (%) and ME (MJ/kg DM) = −21.67 + 0.89 × DE (MJ/kg DM) − 1.06 × GE (MJ/kg DM). The best-fit equations for WB were DE (MJ/kg DM) = −7.09 + 1.54 × CP (%) − 0.25 × NDF (%) − 0.32 × ADF (%) + 0.23 × Ash (%) and ME (MJ/kg DM) = 0.02 + 0.96 × DE (MJ/kg DM). The chemical composition of corn, SBM, and WB can vary substantially from zone to zone, resulting in considerable variation in its available energy value for pig. The DE and ME of corn, SBM and WB for growing pigs can be predicted based on their chemical compositions.

Relations between the spectral reflectance and the chemical composition in the magnetite-ulvöspinel series

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (322) ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
B. Halfen
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chemical Variation ◽  
Best Fit

SummarySpectral reflectances and chemical compositions of twenty-eight different grains of exsolved titanomagnetite were measured. Relations between reflectance and composition were established by calculating best-fit planes (Kummell, 1879) for the reflectance at 499 and at 617 nm. These were then transformed to expressions from which the contents of Ti and Mg can be estimated. Even though these estimates are not as accurate as microprobe values, the method is still a useful tool in the study of chemical variation in exsolved titanomagnetites.

scholarly journals Prediction of Carcass Traits of Santa Inês Lambs Finished in Tropical Pastures through Biometric Measurements

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2329
Author(s):  
Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel ◽  
Gelson dos Santos Difante ◽  
João Virgínio Emerenciano Neto ◽  
Cynthia Gabriela Fernandes de Araújo ◽  
Marcone Geraldo Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Tropical Pastures ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Santa Inês

The aim of this study was to predict carcass traits of Santa Inês lambs finished in tropical pastures by using biometric measurements. Data originated from two experiments involving 56 lambs (32 in experiment I and 24 in experiment II). In both experiments, the sheep were finished in that were finished in pastures of Panicum maximum and Brachiaria brizantha, experiment I being conducted in the rainy season and experiment II in the dry season. The following biometric measurements were recorded before slaughter: body length (BL), withers height (WH), rump height (RH), thorax width (TW), rump width (RW), chest width (CW), heart girth (HG), thigh circumference (TC), rump circumference (RC) and leg length (LL), in addition to live weight at slaughter (SW). After slaughter, hot carcass weight (HCW), cold carcass weight (CCW) and the weights of primal cuts (shoulder, neck, loin, leg and rib) were recorded. In the equations generated to predict SW, HCW and CCW, R2 ranged from 0.58 to 0.91 and the measurements of WH, TC, CW, HG and RW were the most relevant. In the equations developed to predict the weight of primal cuts, in turn, R2 ranged from 0.26 to 0.99. In these models, SW, BL, CW, TC, LL and HG explained most of the variation in the weight of primal cuts. Biometric measurements can be used to accurately and precisely predict HCW, CCW and the weight of primal cuts from the carcass of Santa Inês sheep finished in tropical pastures, since the equations presented R2 and correlation coefficient and agreement above 0.8.

STUDY OF CORIANDER SEED OIL (Coriandrum sativum L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Ha Bich Phan ◽  
Thach Ngoc Le
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Geranyl Acetate ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Coriander Seed Oil ◽  
Coriander Seed

Coriandrum sativum L. belongs to the Apiaceae family, which is cultivated in Dong Nai province, in this paper its seed oil of was studied. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation. We used two methods for activating of hydrodistillation: conventional heating and microwave irradiating. Its physical and chemical indexes were measured. The chemical composition of this oil was identified by GC/MS and quantified by GC/FID. Linalool (75.51-77.21 %), and geranyl acetate (15.64-12.79 %) were the main constituents of the oil which were obtained in 0,32-0.39 % yield. The biological activity of this oil was reported.

BACTERIA CONTENT, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BROILER MEAT GROWN ON THE HEATED FLOOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-25
Author(s):  
E.O. Kachanova ◽  
◽  
E.V. Pavlova ◽  
D.S. Derina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Broiler Meat ◽  
Heated Floor ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Protective Effect of Boswellic Resin Against Memory Loss and Alzheimer’s Induced by Aluminum Tetrachloride and D-Galactose (Experimental study in Mice)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zerrouki ◽  
N. Djebli ◽  
L. Gadouche ◽  
I. Erdogan Orhan ◽  
F. SezerSenol Deniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Extract ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Octyl Acetate

Nowadays, because of the industrialization, a lot of contaminant were available ; the consequences of this availability are apparition of diseases including neurodegeneration. Neurodegenerative diseases of the human brain comprise a variety of disorders that affect an increasing percentage of the population. This study is based on the effect of the Boswellic resin, which is from a medicinal plant and known for its antioxidant effects on nerve cell damage. The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of the Boswellic resin on anticholinesterase activity and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) induced by D-galactose and aluminum tetrachloride in Swiss mice. Chemical composition of the resin essential oil was identified by the CG-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was also assessed by the DMPD and metal chelation methods. In order to understand the mechanism of memory improvement, the acetylcholinesterase, AChE, and butyrylcholinesterase, BChE, inhibitory assays were performed. In vivo part of the study was achieved on Swiss mice divided into four groups: control, AD model, treated AD, and treated control group. The identification of chemical composition by CG-MS reach the 89.67% of the total extract compounds presented some very important molecules (p-Cymene, n-Octyl acetate, α-Pinene…). The present study proves that Boswellic resin improves memory and learning in treated Alzheimer’s group, modulates the oxidative stress and be involved in the protective effect against amyloid deposition and neurodegeneration, and stimulates the immune system in mice’s brain.

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