scholarly journals Assessment of salivary pro inflammatory cytokines profile level in patients treated with labial and lingual fixed orthodontic appliances

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249999
Author(s):  
Hosam Ali Baeshen
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Cellular Marker ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Cellular Markers

The secretions of certain cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are triggered by orthodontic appliances, which often affect the remodelling of periodontal tissues. Critical cumulative forces are applied by various types of orthodontic appliances to the periodontium. The secretion of such molecules is probably responsible, through molecular and cellular communications, for the optimal resorption of hard tissues in the periodontal setting, which therefore enables the coordination of multiple movements of tooth. This study assessed and compared a wide range of cytokines, cellular marker analysis and defensins present in the saliva samples of human subjected to orthodontic treatment with two different treatment modalities, i.e., conventional lingual and labial fixed orthodontic appliances. A total 40 samples of saliva were obtained, of which 20 were treated with traditional lingual appliances and 20 were treated with labial fixed appliances. After 21 days of treatment, all salivary samples were collected from the subjects. In order to analyse a broad range of soluble cytokine levels in saliva by flow cytometry, a bead-based immunoassay was performed. Cell surface markers were analysed by flow cytometry. Protein levels of saliva for defensins were quantified by ELISA. Non-significant differences were observed in the cytokine levels in the saliva except for the significant effects for CCL2, IL-17A and IL-6. Cellular markers CD45 and CD326 showed high percentage in conventional lingual samples. Defensin levels were found to be lower in conventional lingual patients. Subjects with conventional lingual appliances had significantly higher salivary protein levels of IL-1β, CCL2, IL17A, and IL-6, higher CD45+ and CD326+ cells and lower defensin levels than subjects with fixed labial appliances. The current study provided a clear basis for the development of innovative methods to aid in the improvement of various procedural treatments and orthodontic equipment of next generation.

Effective multidisciplinary approach for treatment of traumatized maxillary incisors and hypodontia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Elhussein ◽  
Jonathan J O'Dwyer ◽  
Jonathan Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team Approach ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
The Aesthetic

Fractured and missing teeth within the aesthetic zone have always posed a clinical challenge for the dental team. Management and treatment requires the input from a number of dental specialists to guarantee a high quality result. A case report is presented to demonstrate an effective combined orthodontic/restorative approach that fully restored aesthetics and function. The report is of a 14-year-old girl who traumatized her maxillary central incisors, in a dentition that was already compromised as she had congenital absence of her maxillary left lateral incisor. Using fixed orthodontic appliances, the fractured teeth were extruded to bring the fracture line above the level of the alveolar bone. This movement allowed an immediate aesthetic improvement, using stainless steel prefabricated posts and composite resin buildups, which also facilitated further orthodontic tooth movement. Teeth, that would otherwise have been extracted, were salvaged and, utilizing a multidisciplinary team approach, a reasonable long-term prognosis has resulted. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This case report aims to demonstrate how a multidisciplinary team approach in Orthodontics can be utilized for management of severely handicapped dentitions that have sustained dental injury. It is not the aim of this case report to discuss the treatment of dental injuries but to demonstrate and provide an overview of the possible treatment modalities that can be effective in restoring function and aesthetics, with special consideration given to missing teeth and subgingival crown fractures within the aesthetic zone.

scholarly journals Dampak Pemakaian Alat Ortodontik terhadap Kesehatan Jaringan Periodontal

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Sri Pramestri Lastianny
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Severe Periodontitis

Pendahuluan. Perawatan ortodontik terutama yang cekat sudah banyak digunakan, bahkan akhir-akihir ini tidak hanya untuk kepentingan perawatan maloklusi gigi, tapi juga untuk estetika. Namun banyak pasien mengeluh adanya peradangan, bau mulut bahkan sampai terjadinya periodontitis berat, sampai kegoyahan gigi. Tujuan penulisan. Untuk mengetahui dampak yang ditimbulkan dari pemakaian alat ortodontik terhadap kesehatan jaringan periodontal. Dampak tersebut ditinjau dari efek alat ortodontik yang dapat meningkatkan akumulasi plak, iritasi yang ditimbulkan pada pemakaian band dan braket pada alat ortodontik, juga akibat tekanan yang ditimbulkan pada jaringan periodontal. Kesimpulan. Untuk meminimalkan dampak pemakaian alat ortodontik tersebut, seharusnya ditekankan pentingnya plak kontrol, juga harus dipertimbangkan tekanan yang diberikan pada jaringan periodontal.  Introduction. Fixed orthodontic appliances is widely used, not only for treatment dental malacclusion, but also for aestetically. But many patient complain of gingival inflamation, severe periodontitis, event to luxation tooth. The aim of this review. Was to know the side effects of orthodontic appliances for periodontal healthy. Which was evaluated the effect of orthodontic appliances could increased the number of plaque retention, irritation of use appliances and also the pressure of this orthodontic appliances on periodontal tissues. The conclusion. To minimize the side effect of using orthodontic appliances, beside instruction for controle plaque, also consider the pressure exerted for periodontal tissues.

scholarly journals Impact of Obesity on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Adolescents: A Prospective Clinical Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.F. Saloom ◽  
S.N. Papageorgiou ◽  
G.H. Carpenter ◽  
M.T. Cobourne
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Clinical Cohort ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Obesity is a widespread chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by an increased overall disease burden and significant association with periodontitis. The aim of this prospective clinical cohort study was to investigate the effect of obesity on orthodontic tooth movement. Fifty-five adolescent patients (27 males, 28 females) with a mean (SD) age of 15.1 (1.7) years and mean (SD) body mass index (BMI) of 30.2 (3.5) kg/m2 in obese and 19.4 (2.2) kg/m2 in normal-weight groups were followed from start of treatment to completion of tooth alignment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Primary outcome was time taken to complete tooth alignment, while secondary outcomes included rate of tooth movement and change in clinical parameters (plaque/gingival indices, unstimulated whole-mouth salivary flow rate, gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers). Data collection took place at baseline (start of treatment: appliance placement), 1 h and 1 wk following appliance placement, and completion of alignment. Results were analyzed by descriptive statistics followed by generalized estimating equation regression modeling. There were no significant differences between groups in time taken to achieve tooth alignment (mean [SD] 158.7 [75.3] d; P = 0.486). However, at 1 wk, initial tooth displacement was significantly increased in the obese group ( P < 0.001), and after adjusting for confounders, obese patients had a significantly higher rate of tooth movement compared with normal-weight patients (+0.017 mm/d; 95% confidence interval, 0.008–0.025; P < 0.001) over the period of alignment. Explorative analyses indicated that levels of the adipokines leptin and resistin, the inflammatory marker myeloperoxidase (MPO), and the cytokine receptor for nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) were significantly different between obese- and normal-weight patients and associated with observed rates of tooth movement. This represents the first prospective data demonstrating a different response in obese patients compared with normal-weight patients during early orthodontic treatment. These differences in the response of periodontal tissues to orthodontic force in the presence of obesity have potential short- and long-term clinical implications.

scholarly journals Improving medical care in patients with chronic catarrhal gingivitis while using fixed orthodontic appliances

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-253
Author(s):  
G R Khaliullina ◽  
S L Blashkova ◽  
I G Mustafin
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Muramyl Dipeptide ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Aim. To study the immunostimulating effect of glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide in the treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment using fixed appliances. Methods. The data of clinical and laboratory examination of the oral health status in 54 patients aged 14-24 years with inflammatory periodontal diseases, undergoing orthodontic treatment using fixed appliances were analyzed. The first group included 26 patients in whom glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide (1 mg sublingual tablets daily for 10 days) was additionally administered. The second group included 28 patients receiving standard treatment. The treatment efficacy estimation was based on subjective assessment, clinical, microbiological and immunological examinations. Results. After 6 weeks of treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction of simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-s) to 0.85±0.03 in patients of the first group, compared to 1.64±0,061 before treatment. Periodontal index (PI) and PMA index values were 0, reflecting good level of hygiene and no inflammation in periodontal tissues. In the second group, the OHI-s was 1.5±0.06, PI 0.71±0.04 and PMA 18±1.046%, reflecting mild gingivitis after the 6 weeks of treatment. Bacteriology showed that the number of colonies in the first group was reduced by 1-2 orders of magnitude on average after 6 weeks of treatment. Patients of the second group showed a significant (p 0.05) increase in the number of bacterial colonies potentially causing the periodontal inflammation. The level of secretory IgA after 6 weeks of combined treatment in the first patients group was 249.5±39.1 mg/ml, whereas in the second patients group it was 182.2±14.9 mg/ml, indicating the immunostimulating activity of the complex treatment administered in patients of the first group. Conclusion. This study shows the effectiveness of glucosaminyl muramyl dipeptide as immunostumulating drug in combined treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis in patients with dental braces.

scholarly journals Discomfort associated with Invisalign and traditional brackets: A randomized, prospective trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. White ◽  
Katie C. Julien ◽  
Helder Jacob ◽  
Phillip M. Campbell ◽  
Peter H. Buschang
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Analgesic Consumption ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Randomized Prospective Trial ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate differences in discomfort levels between patients treated with aligners and traditional fixed orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: This blinded, prospective, randomized equivalence two-arm parallel trial allocated 41 adult Class I nonextraction patients to either traditional fixed appliance (6 males and 12 females) or aligner (11 males and 12 females) treatment. Patients completed daily discomfort diaries following their initial treatment appointment, after 1 month and after 2 months. They recorded their levels of discomfort at rest, while chewing, and while biting, as well as their analgesic consumption and sleep disturbances. Results: Both treatment modalities demonstrated similar levels of initial discomfort. There were no significant sex differences. Patients in the traditional fixed appliances group reported significantly (P &lt; .05) greater discomfort than patients in the aligner group during the first week of active treatment. There was significantly more discomfort while chewing than when at rest. Traditional patients also reported significantly more discomfort than aligner patients after the first and second monthly adjustment appointments. Discomfort after the subsequent adjustments was consistently lower than after the initial bonding or aligner delivery appointments. A higher percentage of patients in the fixed-appliance group reported taking analgesics during the first week for dental pain, but only the difference on day 2 was statistically significant. Conclusions: Patients treated with traditional fixed appliances reported greater discomfort and consumed more analgesics than patients treated with aligners. This trial was not registered.

scholarly journals The Effect of Gargling with Aqueous Extract of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) on the Oral Hygiene Status of Patients Wearing Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: A Clinical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Munad Jihad Al duliamy
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Background: During the course of fixed orthodontic therapy, it is difficult to maintain high standard oral hygiene care by mechanical tooth cleaning only. Therefore, mouthwashes are commonly used as adjunct for mechanical tooth cleaning. Most of the mouthwashes are chemicals and have a wide range of side effects. Plant extracts have stood the test of time as safe inexpensive and available remedy for providing general health care. Objective: The present study attempted to evaluate the efficacy of gargling with aqueous extract of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) on the oral hygiene status of patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods: Eleven male patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances were recruited in the study. All patients were given the same oral hygiene regimen during the study period. Clinical evaluation of OPI (orthodontic plaque index) and salivary streptococcus mutans count were recorded at the first activation visit (three weeks after placement of the orthodontic appliances) which considered the baseline visit and after one week of gargling with the extract. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS (version 21) using Paired Samples t-test. Result: The results of the statistical analysis revealed that, there were highly significant reductions in both OPI and salivary streptococcus mutans count after one week gargling with aqueous extract of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). Conclusion: The present finding concluded that, aqueous extract of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) could be use as a promising ingredient in manufacturing mouthwashs and other dental supplies that contribute in maintaining good oral hygiene during the course of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances.

scholarly journals Perception Towards Orthodontic Treatment of Patients Suffering from Malocclusion: A Cross Sectional Survey

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Arun ◽  
B Rajagopal ◽  
S. Varalakshmi ◽  
S Vijai. ◽  
Muraleedhara Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
Motivating Factor

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the attitudes and perceptions of adults towards orthodontic treatment. To determine the motivating factor behind orthodontic treatment and the discomfort caused by fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods A cross sectional questionnaire based survey was conducted among 220 adult orthodontic patients from orthodontic outpatient visiting dental clinics. Ten items questionnaires were used to collect the data. Chi square test was applied by using S.P.S.S. software version 11. Results Maintaining oral hygiene with 41% emerged as a major perception towards orthodontic treatment, next problem faced is duration of treatment with 37.3% subjects reported. 86% subjects reported teeth as a major feature for facial aesthetics. Only 4.5 % of subjects reported orthodontic treatment expensive. There are 12% subjects feel that there is lack of information towards orthodontic treatment still prevailing. Conclusion The principal conclusion reported in present study is that people consider smile as a major factor for aesthetics. Reason for other patients not opting for ortho treatment is not because this being too expensive but lack of information. There has to be a special campaign towards educating school children towards treatment modalities present and what difference they can bring in someone's life.

scholarly journals Current treatment modalities of orthodontically induced white spot lesions and their outcome – a literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Lavinia Luminiţa Cosma ◽  
Raluca Diana Şuhani ◽  
Anca Mesaroş ◽  
Mîndra Eugenia Badea
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Orthodontic Appliances ◽  
White Spot Lesion ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Introduction. White spot lesion is a demineralization of the enamel that appears as a white spot on the surfaces of the tooth. The cause of this spot is determined by the activity of the bacterial plaque and it represents the initial stage of a carious lesion. This lesion is a common side effect for patients with fixed orthodontic appliances mainly because of the brackets’ position that favors the accumulation of plaque that ultimately leads to the formation of the white spot.Methods. We conducted a search on a single database, PubMed. “Orthodontic”, “white spot lesions”, “enamel demineralization treatment” and “remineralization’’ were the search terms used. We found 324 articles, but we took in consideration only the ones from the last 10 years, which resulted in 223 articles.Results. The first step after research was article selection: first by scrutinizing the title and secondly by reviewing the abstracts or full texts. The exclusion criteria were: meta-analysis, reviews, original articles regarding prevention of white spot lesions and their prevalence or incidence. We included the articles that seemed relevant for the treatment of white spot lesions, made either on extracted teeth either on orthodontic patients. We found 75 articles to be eligible for this research and we eliminated 5 because of the lack of an abstract or full text and a further 22 were rejected because they did not fit the aforementioned criteria.Conclusion. Although some traditional methods for the treatment of white spot lesions seem to have undesirable results, nowadays with new technologies and thorough investigations in nanotechnology, the eradication of the lesion appears to be short term.

Hepatoprotective Role of Berberine on Doxorubicin Induced Hepatotoxicity - Involvement of Cyp

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
Bao Sun ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Mengzi He ◽  
Yanan Jin ◽  
Xiaoyu Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Metabolism ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Background: The liver is one of the major organ involved in drug metabolism. Cytochrome P450s are predominantly involved in drug metabolism. A wide range of CYPs have been reported in the liver which have been involved in its normal as well as in diseased conditions. Doxorubicin, one of the most potent chemotherapeutic drugs, although highly efficacious, also has adverse side effects, with its targets being liver and cardiac tissue. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the reversal potentials of berberine on Doxorubicin induced cyp conversion. Methodology: In the present study, the interplay between anti-oxidants, cytochrome and inflammatory markers in DOX induced liver toxicity and its possible reversal by berberine was ascertained. Results: DOX administration significantly elevated serum as well as tissue stress, which was reverted by berberine treatment. A similar response was observed in tissue inflammatory mediators as well as in serum cytokine levels. Most profound reduction in the cytochrome expression was found in Cyp 2B1, 2B2, and 2E1. However, 2C1, 2C6, and 3A1 although showed a decline, but it did not revert the expression back to control levels. Conclusion: It could be concluded that berberine may be an efficient anti-oxidant and immune modulator. It possesses low to moderate cytochrome modulatory potentials.

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