Perception Towards Orthodontic Treatment of Patients Suffering from Malocclusion: A Cross Sectional Survey

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the attitudes and perceptions of adults towards orthodontic treatment. To determine the motivating factor behind orthodontic treatment and the discomfort caused by fixed orthodontic appliances. Methods A cross sectional questionnaire based survey was conducted among 220 adult orthodontic patients from orthodontic outpatient visiting dental clinics. Ten items questionnaires were used to collect the data. Chi square test was applied by using S.P.S.S. software version 11. Results Maintaining oral hygiene with 41% emerged as a major perception towards orthodontic treatment, next problem faced is duration of treatment with 37.3% subjects reported. 86% subjects reported teeth as a major feature for facial aesthetics. Only 4.5 % of subjects reported orthodontic treatment expensive. There are 12% subjects feel that there is lack of information towards orthodontic treatment still prevailing. Conclusion The principal conclusion reported in present study is that people consider smile as a major factor for aesthetics. Reason for other patients not opting for ortho treatment is not because this being too expensive but lack of information. There has to be a special campaign towards educating school children towards treatment modalities present and what difference they can bring in someone's life.

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Effect of Fixed Orthodontic Treatment on Salivary Nickel and Chromium Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj7010021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammad Imani ◽

Hamid Mozaffari ◽

Mazaher Ramezani ◽

Masoud Sadeghi

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Nickel and chromium ions released from fixed orthodontic appliances may act as allergens. This study aimed to systematically review the effect of fixed orthodontic treatment on salivary levels of these ions by doing a meta-analysis on cross-sectional and cohort studies. The Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases were searched for articles on salivary profile of nickel or chromium in patients under fixed orthodontic treatment published from January 1983 to October 2017. A random-effect meta-analysis was done using Review Manager 5.3 to calculate mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI), and the quality of questionnaire was evaluated by the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Fourteen studies were included and analyzed in this meta-analysis. Salivary nickel level was higher in periods of 10 min or less (MD = −11.5 µg/L, 95% CI = −16.92 to −6.07; P < 0.0001) and one day (MD = −1.38 µg/L, 95% CI = −1.97 to −0.80; P < 0.00001) after initiation of treatment compared to baseline (before the insertion of appliance). Salivary chromium level was higher in periods of one day (MD = −6.25 µg/L, 95% CI = −12.00 to −0.49; P = 0.03) and one week (MD = −2.07 µg/L, 95% CI = −3.88 to −0.26; P = 0.03) after the initiation of treatment compared to baseline. Corrosion of fixed orthodontic appliances leads to elevated salivary nickel and chromium concentrations early after initiation of orthodontic treatment. Randomized clinical trials controlling for factors affecting the saliva composition are recommended on a higher number of patients and among different ethnicities.

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Assessment of Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence among Children Attending Care at a Tertiary Hospital in Southeastern Nigeria

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/3605850 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Cletus Akahara ◽

Emeka Nwolisa ◽

Kelechi Odinaka ◽

Seline Okolo

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Antiretroviral Drugs ◽

Self Report ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Southeastern Nigeria ◽

Successful Treatment Outcome ◽

Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence ◽

Motivating Factor

Background. Adherence is the strongest predictor of successful treatment outcome among children infected with HIV. Our aim was to assess the antiretroviral drugs adherence status of HIV-infected children attending care at a tertiary hospital in Southeastern Nigeria.Method. The study involved a cross-sectional survey of 210 HIV-infected children attending care at a tertiary hospital in Southeastern Nigeria using self-report method of assessment. Optimal ART adherence is defined as patient taking not missing more than 1 dose of combined antiretroviral therapy medication in the preceding 2 weeks prior to the study.Result. A majority of the subjects 191 (91%) had good adherence. There was a significant relationship between adherence and patient educational level (p=0.004), duration of treatment (p=0.001), drug administrator (p=0.005), and orphan status (p=0.001). The motivating factor for adherence was “not falling sick as before” while stigma was the most discouraging factor.Conclusion. The adherence level in this study was good. Stigma was an important reason given by patient/caregivers for nonadherence. There is need for concerted effort in addressing this barrier to improve adherence and prevent the emergence of drug resistance and treatment failure.

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Hubungan Pemakaian Alat Ortodontik Cekat dengan Status Kebersihan Gigi dan Mulut Siswa SMA Kristen 1 Tomohon

e-GIGI ◽

10.35790/eg.7.1.2019.23309 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wulan K. D. Rambitan ◽

Christy N. Mintjelungan

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

P Value ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

One Year ◽

Orthodontic Devices ◽

The Relationship

Abstract: Fixed orthodontic devices are the most commonly used orthodontic appliances in the community especially adolescent because they have become an important part of lifestyle. Albeit, users of fixed orthodontic appliances do not realize that fixed orthodontic appliances could become a risk factor for poor dental and oral hygiene. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between the use of fixed orthodontic devices and the dental and oral hygiene status of students at SMA Kristen 1 Tomohon (senior high school). This was an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were 43 students who used fixed orthodontics appliances obtained by using total sampling method. The results showed that most subjects used fixed orthodontic appliance for less than one year (58.1%). Moreover, the dental and oral hygiene status of most subjects were in the moderate category. The Chi-square showed a p-value of 0,060 for the relationship between the use of fixed orthodontic devices and the dental and oral hygiene status. Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the duration of use of fixed orthodontic devices and the dental and oral hygiene status of students at SMA Kristen 1 TomohonKeywords: fixed orthodontic appliances, oral hygiene, adolescents Abstrak: Alat ortodontik cekat merupakan peralatan ortodontik yang paling sering dipakai oleh masyarakat khususnya remaja karena sudah menjadi bagian dari gaya hidup. Namun pemakai alat ortodontik cekat tidak menyadari bahwa alat ortodontik cekat merupakan faktor risiko terganggunya kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemakaian alat ortodontik cekat dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut siswa SMA Kristen 1 Tomohon. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian yaitu 43 siswa yang memakai alat ortodontik cekat yang diperoleh dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemakaian alat ortodontik cekat terbanyak yaitu di bawah satu tahun (58,1%) dan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut berada dalam kategori sedang. Hasil uji Chi-square terhadap hubungan antara pemakaian alat ortodontik cekat dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut subyek penelitian mendapatkan nilai p=0,060. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara lama pemakaian alat ortodontik cekat dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut siswa SMA Kristen 1 Tomohon.Kata kunci: alat ortodontik cekat, kebersihan gigi dan mulut, remaja

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Periodontal health knowledge and awareness among subjects with fixed orthodontic appliance

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/2177-6709.23.5.40.e1-9.onl ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 40.e1-40.e9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elham S. Abu Alhaija ◽

Eman M. Al-Saif ◽

Dafi Q. Taani

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

High Level

Abstract Objective: To report on periodontal health knowledge and awareness among orthodontic patients and to investigate the effect of age, attitude and duration of orthodontic treatment on periodontal health awareness among orthodontic patients. Methods: A total of 297 orthodontics patient (90 males, 207 females) with mean age of 17.7 ± 5.0 years (older then 18 years = 119, 18 years or younger = 178) were included in this study. Subjects were currently wearing upper and lower fixed orthodontic appliances for an mean period of 12.55 ± 10.86 months (less than or equal to 18 months = 231, more than 18 months = 66). Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire (demographic characteristics, subjects’ awareness toward their periodontal health, periodontal knowledge among orthodontic patient and patients’ attitude toward orthodontic treatment regarding periodontal health) and clinical periodontal examination. Results: Periodontal knowledge was poor among orthodontic patients in relation to dental plaque. Only 24 subjects (8%) correctly answered knowledge-related questions. Adult orthodontic patients reported negative attitude toward fixed orthodontic treatment in respect to periodontal health (p<0.001). Duration of orthodontic treatment negatively affected subjects’ attitude toward fixed orthodontic treatment (p<0.01). The majority of subjects were in the high level of awareness group (64%). Orthodontic patients’ awareness toward their periodontal health during fixed orthodontic treatment was affected by attitude scores (p=0.005), number of teeth with gingival recession (p=0.041), Gingival Index (p=0.000), duration of treatment (p=0.047) and age (p=0.008). Conclusions: Periodontal health knowledge among orthodontic patients was poor. Orthodontic patients’ awareness of their periodontal health was moderate and was affected by age, attitude and duration of orthodontic treatment.

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Barriers to Home Hemodialysis Across Saskatchewan, Canada: A Cross-Sectional Survey of In-Center Dialysis Patients

Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease ◽

10.1177/2054358120948293 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 205435812094829

Author(s):

Lucas Diebel ◽

Maryam Jafari ◽

Sachin Shah ◽

Christine Day ◽

Connie McNaught ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Objective ◽

Survey Study ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Home Hemodialysis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dialysis Unit ◽

Training Time ◽

Dialysis Vintage

Background: Despite clinical and lifestyle advantages of home hemodialysis (HHD) compared with in-center hemodialysis (ICHD), it remains underutilized in our province. The aim of the study was to explore the patients’ perception and to identify the barriers to use of HHD in Saskatchewan, Canada. Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate and explore patient perceptions of HHD and to identify the obstacles for adoption of HHD in Saskatchewan. The secondary objective was to examine variations in the patients’ perceptions and barriers to HHD by center (main dialysis units vs satellite dialysis units). Design: This is a cross-sectional observational survey study. Setting: Two major centers (Regina and Saskatoon) and 5 associated satellite units attached to each center across the province of Saskatchewan. Patients: We approached all prevalent ICHD patients across Saskatchewan, 398 agreed to participate in the study. Measurements: Self-reported barriers to HHD were assessed using a questionnaire. Methods: A questionnaire was designed to determine the patients’ perceived barriers to HHD. Descriptive statistics was used to present the data. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the patients’ responses between main and satellite units Results: Satisfaction with current dialysis care (91%), increase in utility bills (65%), fear of catastrophic events at home (59%), medicalization of one’s home (54%), and knowledge deficits toward treatment modalities (54%) were the main barriers to HHD uptake. Compared with patients dialyzing in our main units, satellite patients chose not to pursue HHD more frequently because they had greater satisfaction with their current dialysis unit care (97% vs 87%, P < .001), felt more comfortable dialyzing under the supervision of medical staff (95% vs 86%, P < .007), could not afford additional utility costs (92% vs 45%, P < .001), were unaware of the risks and benefits of HHD (83% vs 33%, P < .001), had concerns over time commitments for training to HHD (69% vs 32%, P < .001), and had concern for family burnout (60.8% vs 40.6%, P < .001). Limitations: We used questionnaires to quantify known barriers, and this prevents inclusion of additional barriers that individual patients may consider important. Cross-sectional data can only be used as a snapshot. Only 398 patients agreed to participate, and the results cannot be generalized to 740 prevalent HD patients. We did not capture data on demographics (age, income, and literacy level), comorbidities, and dialysis vintage, which would have been helpful in interpretation of the results. Conclusions: Satisfaction with in-center care, lack of awareness and education, specifically in the satellite population, concerns with family burnout, expenses associated with utilities, and training time will need to be addressed to increase the uptake of HHD. Trial Registration: The study was not registered on a publicly accessible registry as it did not involve any health care intervention on human participants.

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Comparison of personality traits, attitude toward orthodontic treatment, and pain perception and experience before and after orthodontic treatment

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/121813-927.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 85 (3) ◽

pp. 474-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elham S. Abu Alhaija ◽

Mona A. Abu Nabaa ◽

Emad F. Al Maaitah ◽

Mahmoud K. Al-Omairi

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Pain Score ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Chi Square ◽

Experienced Pain ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare personality traits, attitude toward orthodontic treatment, and pain perception and experience before and after orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: One hundred subjects (50 male and 50 female) were included in this study. The mean (SD) age was 17.5 (2.05) years at T1 and 19.15 (2.32) years at T2. The instruments for data collection were questionnaires that included assessment of patients' personality traits, attitudes toward orthodontic treatment, and pain perception/experience. Subjects completed the questionnaires at two different times: before orthodontic treatment (T1) and after fixed orthodontic treatment (T2). Subjects were treated by fixed orthodontic appliances for an average (SD) period of 18.64 (0.35) months. Paired sample t-test and chi-square test were used to detect any differences. Results: Significant changes in personality traits were detected after orthodontic treatment irrespective of gender. Neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness scores were improved (P < .001). A positive attitude toward orthodontic treatment was reported at T1 (4.31 [±1.26]) and improved at T2 (3.98 [±1.16]) irrespective of gender (P < .05). The average (SD) expected pain score (T1) was 4.73 (1.88) and the average (SD) experienced pain score (T2) was 4.63 (1.58). Significant difference in the expected and experienced pain scores was not detected (P = .11). Conclusions: Personality traits and attitude toward orthodontic treatment improved after orthodontic treatment. Reported actual pain experience during orthodontic treatment was similar to that expected before treatment.

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Does the Duration of Fixed Orthodontic Treatment Affect Caries Activity among Adolescents and Young Adults?

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000488209 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (6) ◽

pp. 463-467 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alice S. Pinto ◽

Luana Severo Alves ◽

Marisa Maltz ◽

Cristiano Susin ◽

Julio Eduardo A. Zenkner

Keyword(s):

Treatment Duration ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Median Number ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Caries Activity ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽

The Relationship ◽

Caries Lesions

This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between fixed orthodontic treatment duration and caries activity. Two hundred and sixty 10- to 30-year-olds were divided into 4 groups (n = 65): no fixed orthodontic appliances (G0), orthodontic treatment for 1 year (G1), 2 years (G2), or 3 years (G3). Orthodontic treatment duration was significantly associated with active caries: prevalence was 1.5% for G0, 27.7% for G1, and 72.3% for G2 and G3; the median number of lesions was 0 for G0 and G1 and 2 for G2 and G3. No differences were observed between G2 and G3. The longer the duration of orthodontic treatment, the higher the prevalence/extent of active caries lesions.

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Oral hygiene in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances

Российский стоматологический журнал ◽

10.17816/1728-2802-2020-24-2-104-108 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 104-108

Author(s):

A. Z. Daurova ◽

N. V. Lapina ◽

E. V. Izhnina ◽

E. V. Kochurova ◽

K. G. Seferyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oral Hygiene ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Human Life ◽

Adult Population ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Fast Pace

Introduction. The theme of a healthy lifestyle remains relevant at the present time. The function of the dentofacial system is an integral and important component of human health in general, is responsible for speech formation, respiration and nutrition. The goal of orthodontic treatment is to preserve the health of ones own teeth, to establish the correct function of the masticatory apparatus, to create a smile aesthetics, to exclude or facilitate other dental procedures without resorting to more invasive methods of treatment. Orthodontic treatment directly affects the quality of human life, so it is important to understand the need for its timely implementation. A large number of people seek orthodontic care in connection with raising awareness among the population and its availability.Results. The fast pace of development of dentistry and modern technologies allow us to correct both congenital and acquired defects of the dentition. For the adult population, one of the main means of orthodontic treatment is a fixed orthodontic technique, in the form of a bracket system. The average duration of treatment with this method is 1.5-2 years. But already in the first month, the orthodontist dentist observes the presence of plaque in his patients, which occurs due to insufficient oral hygiene.Conclusion. Studies have shown that a low level of hygiene entails the growth of carious and periodontopathogenic microflora, as a result of which irreversible changes occur on the surface of the teeth, leading to enamel demineralization and hypersensitivity, the occurrence of gingivitis and periodontitis. These changes, or the risk of their occurrence, force the dentist to prematurely remove orthodontic equipment without achieving the desired result. An analysis of the causes of this problem and the coverage of research results indicate the need to improve the methodology of individual oral hygiene in order to avoid the side effects of orthodontic treatment.

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Oscillation between identities and Subjective psychological health objectives among an informed audience in therapeutic patient education

Education thérapeutique du patient - Therapeutic patient education ◽

10.1051/tpe/2018006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 10202

Author(s):

Sandrine Roussel ◽

Alain Deccache ◽

Mariane Frenay

Keyword(s):

Patient Education ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Therapeutic Patient Education ◽

French Speaking ◽

Health Objectives ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Introduction: The implementation of Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) remains a challenge. An exploratory study highlighted two tendencies among practitioners of TPE, which could hamper this implementation: an oscillation between identities (as caregivers versus as educators) and an inclination towards subjective psychological health objectives. Objectives: To verify whether these tendencies can be observed among an informed audience in TPE. Next, to explore the variables associated with one or other of these tendencies. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional survey by a self-administered questionnaire was carried out among 90 French-speaking healthcare professionals. Statistical analyses (chi-square, logistic regression) were then conducted. Results: Sixty percent of respondents displayed identity oscillation, which was found to be linked to task oscillation, patient curability, scepticism towards medicine and practising in France. Fifty-six percent pursued subjective psychological health objectives, which was found to be associated with health behaviour objectives and a locus of power in the healthcare relationship distinct from those seen in the pre-existing health models (biomedical, global). This tendency seems to constitute an alternative model of TPE. Discussion & conclusion: Identity oscillation and subjective psychological health objectives can be both observed. This study stresses the need to deliberate on the form(s) of TPE that is/are desired.

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Assessing the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of COVID-19 among Quarantine Hotel Workers in China

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9060772 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 772

Author(s):

Yi-Man Teng ◽

Kun-Shan Wu ◽

Wen-Cheng Wang ◽

Dan Xu

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Hotel Workers ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

During the pandemic, quarantine hotel workers face a higher risk of infection while they host quarantine guests from overseas. This study’s aim is to gain an understanding of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of quarantine hotel workers in China. A total of 170 participants took part in a cross-sectional survey to assess the KAP of quarantine hotel workers in China, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chi-square test, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), descriptive analysis, and binary logistic regression were used to examine the sociodemographic factors associated with KAP levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that 62.41% have good knowledge, 94.7% have a positive attitude towards COVID-19, but only 78.2% have good practices. Most quarantine hotel workers (95.3%) are confident that COVID-19 will be successfully controlled and that China is handling the COVID-19 crisis well (98.8%). Most quarantine hotel workers are also taking personal precautions, such as avoiding crowds (80.6%) and wearing facemasks (97.6%). The results evidence that quarantine hotel workers in China have acquired the necessary knowledge, positive attitudes and proactive practices in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study can provide a reference for quarantine hotel workers and their targeted education and intervention.

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