scholarly journals Dietary intake patterns among adults with inflammatory bowel disease in the United States, 2015

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250441
Author(s):  
Fang Xu ◽  
Sohyun Park ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Kurt J. Greenlund
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background Dietary behavior and nutrient intake patterns among U.S. men and women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are unclear at the population level. Methods This cross-sectional study compared dietary intake patterns among U.S. adults (aged ≥18 years) with and without IBD in the 2015 National Health Interview Survey (N = 33,626). Age-standardized weighted prevalences for intake of fruits, vegetables, dairy, whole grain bread, dietary fiber, calcium, total added sugars, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), processed meat, and supplement use were compared between adults with and without IBD by sex. Results In 2015, an estimated 3 million adults (1.3%) reported IBD. Compared with adults without IBD, adults with IBD were more likely to be older, non-Hispanic white, not currently working, former smokers, and former alcohol drinkers. Overall, dietary behaviors were similar among adults with and without IBD. However, adults with IBD were more likely to take vitamin D supplements (31.5% vs 18.8%) and consume dietary fiber <16.7 grams(g)/day, the amount that 50% of U.S. adults consumed (51.8% vs 44.1%), than those without IBD. Compared with their counterparts, men with IBD were more likely to consume vegetables ≥1 time/day (84.9% vs 76.0%) and take any supplement (59.6% vs 46.0%); women with IBD were more likely to have SSBs ≥2 times/day (26.8% vs 17.8%) and total added sugars ≥14.6 teaspoons(tsp)/day, the amount that 50% of U.S. adults consumed (55.3% vs 46.7%). Conclusions Adopting a healthy diet, especially limiting added sugars intake among women with IBD, might be important for the overall health.

Kannabiszszármazékok használatának gyakorisága gyulladásos bélbetegségben

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (12) ◽  
pp. 443-448
Author(s):  
Gábor Xantus ◽  
V. Anna Gyarmathy
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
English Language ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
The United States ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Összefoglaló. Gyulladásos bélbetegségben (IBD) a fájdalomérzés komplex szomatikus és pszichés jelenség. Ez utóbbi komponens pontosabb megértése segíthet a megfelelő kezelési stratégia megállapításában. A szorongásos hangulati zavarok és egyes maladaptív viselkedési minták (dohányzás és alkoholfogyasztás) előfordulási gyakorisága jól dokumentált IBD-ben, a kannabiszhasználat hatása ugyanakkor kevésbé ismert. A szerzők szisztematikus áttekintést végeztek annak megértéséhez, hogy vajon magasabb-e a marihuánahasználat gyakorisága felnőtt IBD-s betegek között egészséges kontrollpopulációhoz viszonyítva, és ha igen, akkor melyek a szerhasználat legfontosabb jellemzői. A kutatási periódust szándékosan az elmúlt 7 évre korlátoztuk, ugyanis 2013-tól jelentős változások álltak be a kannabinoidok jogi és orvosi megítélésében az USA-ban. Öt elsődleges és több másodlagos adatbázisban kutattunk előre meghatározott kulcsszavak segítségével 2013 óta teljes szöveggel megjelent, angol nyelvű felnőtt IBD-s populációt vizsgáló epidemiológiai tanulmányok vonatkozásában. 143 rekord közül 7 cikk felelt meg a beválogatási kritériumoknak. Eredményeink szerint a kannabiszhasználat gyakorisága IBD-ben szenvedő felnőtt betegek körében valószínűleg magasabb, mint a kontrollpopulációban: a „valaha, bármikor” használók aránya 54–70% között változott (szemben a 46–60% gyakorisággal a kontrollcsoportban), míg az „aktív használók” esetén a gyakoriság 6,8–25% között változott (vs. a kontrollcsoportban tapasztalt 8,6–14%-kal). A prevalenciaadatok széles variabilitása arra utal, hogy a beválogatott epidemiológiai tanulmányok valószínűleg vagy nem voltak megfelelően tervezve, vagy jelentős heterogenitással bírtak. A pszichés tényezők ellentmondásos mintája azt sugallja, hogy a kannabinoidok egyes esetekben ronthatták, más esetben valószínűleg javították bizonyos prominens tünetek megélését. Javasoljuk ezért, hogy a valós prevalencia megállapítása érdekében a keresztmetszeti vizsgálatok mellé ismételt pszichometriai vizsgálatokon alapuló vizsgálatok is bekerüljenek a további kutatásba. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(12): 443–448. Summary. Pain perception in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is beyond a purely somatic process. In-depth understanding of psychologic elements might enable more effective management in this patient group. Anxiety disorders and certain maladaptive coping strategies like smoking and alcohol consumption are well-documented in IBD, unlike the scarcely researched cannabis use. The authors designed a systematic review, to investigate if the prevalence of cannabis use is higher in IBD that in unselected controls. The research window was intentionally set to cover for the past 7 years, as in 2013 major legislative changes took place in the cannabis decriminalisation process in the United States. 5 primary and several secondary databases were researched with a pre-formulated algorithm registered at PROSPERO for full text epidemiological studies published in English language involving adult IBD patients. Out of 143 records, 7 articles met the in/exclusion criteria. Our results suggest that cannabis use among adult patients with IBD is likely to be higher than in the unselected control population. The proportion of “ever” users varied from 54% to 70% (vs. 46–60% in the control group); and for ‘active users’, the prevalence ranged between 6.8% to 25% (vs. 8.6–14% in the control group). The wide variability in prevalence data suggests that the selected epidemiological studies were either inappropriately designed or were too heterogeneous (or both). The contradictory pattern of psychological factors suggests that cannabinoids might improve or worsen IBD depending on case by case basis. We therefore opine that in addition to cross-sectional papers, studies based on repeated psychometric analysis are needed to establish the real prevalence and inform cannabinoid prescription and holistic management in inflammatory bowel disease. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(12): 443–448.

scholarly journals Early Life Modifiable Exposures and Their Association With Owner Reported Inflammatory Bowel Disease Symptoms in Adult Dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Hemida ◽  
Kristiina A. Vuori ◽  
Robin Moore ◽  
Johanna Anturaniemi ◽  
Anna Hielm-Björkman
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic multifactorial disease in humans and dogs, usually assigned to the interactions between genes, gut microbiota, diet, environment, and the immune system. We aimed to investigate the modifiable early life exposures associated with IBD in dogs.Materials and Methods: The study data was extracted from the validated owner-reported DogRisk food frequency questionnaire. This was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study that tested 21 different early life dietary and environmental, demographic and genetic variables for their association with IBD or not, in adult dogs. A total of 7,015 dogs participated in this study. The study covered early life periods; prenatal, neonatal, early, and late postnatal periods. Two feeding patterns, a non-processed meat-based diet (NPMD) and an ultra-processed carbohydrate-based diet (UPCD) were studied. Data was analyzed using logistic regression analysis with a backward stepwise deletion.Results: From the final models we found that the NPMD during early and late postnatal periods were significantly associated with lower IBD risk later in life. The UPCD during the same periods was associated with a higher risk of IBD incidence. Also, the maternal diet during the neonatal period showed a non-significant trend of lower IBD risk in the offspring with the NPMD and a higher IBD risk with the UPCD. Additionally, the normal body weight of puppies during the first 6 months of age was associated with a lower risk of IBD in adulthood while, slim puppies associated significantly with IBD in adulthood. From the non-modifiable background variables, we identified the maternal history of IBD as the strongest risk factor for later incidence of IBD. Furthermore, male dogs were twice as likely to develop IBD as female dogs were.Conclusions: It is reassuring for owners to know that they themselves can have an impact on their dog's health. A high-fat, low-carbohydrate NPMD exposure during early life, and a normal body condition in puppyhood were significantly associated with less IBD in adult dogs. The opposite was true for UPCD exposure and abnormal body condition score in 6 month old puppies.

scholarly journals Home Infusions for Inflammatory Bowel Disease are Safe: United States Experience and Patient Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharati Kochar ◽  
Yue Jiang ◽  
Wenli Chen ◽  
Yuting Bu ◽  
Edward L Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
States Experience

Abstract Background Home-infusions (HI) for biologic medications are an option for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in the United States (US). We aimed to describe the population receiving HI and report patient experience with HI. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study in the Quintiles-IMSLegacy PharMetrics Adjudicated Claims Database from 2010-2016 to describe the population receiving infliximab and vedolizumab HI and determine predictors for an urgent/emergent visit post-HI. We then administered a cross-sectional survey to IBD-Partners Internet-based cohort participants to assess knowledge and experience with infusions. Results We identified claims for 11,892 conventional infliximab patients, 1,573 home infliximab patients, 438 conventional vedolizumab patients and 138 home vedolizumab patients. There were no differences in demographics or median charges with infliximab home and conventional infusions. Home vedolizumab infusions had a greater median charge than conventional vedolizumab infusion. Less than 4% of patients had an urgent/emergent visit post-HI. Charlson comorbidity index &gt;0 (OR:1.95, 95% CI:1.01-3.77) and Medicaid (OR:3.01, 95%CI:1.53-5.94) conferred significantly higher odds of urgent/emergent visit post-HI. In IBD-Partners, 644 IBD patients responded; 56 received HI. The majority chose HI to save time and preferred HI to conventional infusions. Only 2 patients reported an urgent/emergent visit for HI-related problems. Conclusions HI appears to be safe in IBD patients receiving infliximab and vedolizumab. However, patients with fewer resources and more co-morbidities are at increased risk for an urgent/emergent visit post-HI. The overall patient experience with HI is positive. Expansion of HI may result in decreased therapy-related logistic burden for carefully selected patients.

Pediatric hospitalizations for inflammatory bowel disease based on annual case volume: results from the Kids’ Inpatient Database 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Pant ◽  
Abhishek Deshpande ◽  
Thomas J Sferra ◽  
Osama Almadhoun ◽  
Daisy Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
High Volume ◽  
The United States ◽  
Case Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Inpatient Database ◽  
Pediatric Ibd

To study differences related to pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care among hospitals that were stratified based on annual case volume. This is a cross-sectional study using data from the United States Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids’ Inpatient Database (KID). IBD-related hospitalizations were identified using International Classification of Diseases-9-Clinical Modification codes. Hospital volume was divided into low or high by assigning cut-off values of 1–20 and >20 annual IBD hospitalizations. We assessed a total of 8647 pediatric IBD discharges during 2012 from 660 hospitals in the USA. 107 of these hospitals were classified as high-volume centers (HVCs) for pediatric IBD care and 553 low-volume centers (LVCs). HVCs were more likely to be associated with an academic teaching status compared to LVCs (97.1% vs 67.6%, p<0.001). The incidence of transfer of medical care from LVCs to other hospitals was 5.5% but only 0.7% for HVCs (p<0.001). The median number of procedures (medical and surgical) performed on children admitted with IBD was higher at HVCs (2 vs 1, p<0.001). IBD admissions at HVCs were more likely to undergo surgical procedures compared to LVCs (17% vs 10%, p<0.001). The incidence of postoperative complications was not significantly different. There were significantly greater hospital costs (median US$11,000 vs US$6,000, p<0.001) and lengths of stay (median 5 days vs 4 days, p<0.001) associated with HVCs compared to LVCs. Pediatric admissions to HVCs for IBD undergo a greater number of medical and surgical procedures and are associated with higher costs and lengthier hospital stays.

scholarly journals Trends and Characteristics of Clinical Trials Participation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States: A Report From IBD Partners

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cole Johnson ◽  
Edward L Barnes ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Millie D Long
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Drug Approval ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Background and Aims There are currently several recruitment challenges in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which prolong the drug approval process and affect the generalizability of study results. The purpose of this study is to characterize individuals who participate in IBD RCTs and identify factors that could influence future recruitment strategies. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study within the IBD Partners cohort comparing patients with current or prior participation in an RCT of medical therapy for IBD to those without any RCT participation. Bivariate statistics were used to compare RCT participation by IBD subtype and by other demographic and disease characteristics, and predictive modeling was used to identify factors predictive of RCT participation. We calculated the percent of the cohort that participated in an RCT during each calendar year from 2011 to 2018 and accessed Clinicaltrials.gov to determine the number of active RCTs for IBD therapies per year during that same period. Results A total of 14,747 patients with IBD were included in the analysis and 1116 (7.6%) reported RCT participation at any time. Demographic factors predictive of RCT participation included following at an academic institution [odds ratio (OR) = 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.51–2.04) and age 36–75 (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.46–1.92). Patients with Crohn’s disease were more likely to participate than those with ulcerative colitis (OR = 1.5; 95% CI 1.35–1.77). Patients with more severe disease were more likely to participate, including those with prior IBD-related hospitalization (OR = 2.6; 95% CI 2.19–2.99), IBD-related surgery (OR = 2.5; 95% CI 2.24–2.87), biologic exposure (OR = 3.2; 95% CI 2.76–3.65), and “Poor” or worse quality of life (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.45–1.93). Steroid-free remission was associated with a lower likelihood of RCT participation (OR = 0.6; 95% CI 0.53–0.70). Although the number of active RCTs for IBD more than doubled between 2011 and 2018, RCT participation rates during that same time period decreased from 1.1% to 0.7% of the cohort. Conclusions RCT participation declined within this cohort. Groups underrepresented in RCTs for IBD included younger patients, patients followed in community settings, and patients with more mild disease. The non-RCT group had mean disease activity scores that did not meet remission thresholds, demonstrating populations in need of alternate therapies for whom clinical trials could be an option. Given anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) exposure rates in this national cohort, studies should focus on anti-TNF failure populations. Investigators should make every effort to offer RCTs to all patients and network with community providers to increase awareness of RCTs.

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