scholarly journals “I want to perform and succeed more than those who are HIV-seronegative” Lived experiences of youth who acquired HIV perinetally and attend Zewditu Memorial Hospital ART clinic, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251848
Author(s):  
Nahom Solomon ◽  
Mitike Molla ◽  
Bezawit Ketema
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Young People ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination

Background In Ethiopian Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevention program one of the focusing areas is prevention of mother-to-child transmission and decreasing morbidity and mortality among those who already acquired it. However, the needs and the sexual behavior of children who acquired HIV perinatally was not given due attention. Therefore, we conducted this study with the aim of exploring the lived experiences of youth who acquired HIV perinatally to contribute to HIV prevention and control program. Methods We conducted a qualitative study using a phenomenological approach from March to May 2018 among 16 purposively selected youth who were infected with HIV vertically and receive ART services at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. They were recruited based on their willingness after obtaining written informed consent and assent. Data were audio taped, transcribed verbatim in Amharic and later translated to English, and coded using Open Code version 4.02 software. Findings were summarized under four themes by applying interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings Seven males and nine females, aged 16 to 22 years have participated in the study. These youth reported as they had support from families and ART clinics, while pill-load, and fear of stigma are some of challenges they have faced, especially majorities don’t want to disclose their status because of fear of stigma and discrimination. Half of them have ever had sexual relations usually with a seronegative partner and most of these had their first sex in their17-18 years of age. Unsafe sex was common among them where four girls reported to have had unprotected sex with their seropositive or seronegative sexual partners. Most wish to have purposeful life and love mate of the same serostatus but also fear they may remain alone. Conclusion Youth who had acquired HIV from parents are challenged due to their serostatus and were not sure what type of life they may have in the future. They were also not comfortable in disclosing their serostatus and also engaged in unsafe sexual relation. This calls for an urgent intervention among HIV infected youth and their families; health care providers, and young people in general to halt HIV transmission. Special attention should be given on sexual behavior of all young people (10–24) and in disclosure of HIV status to children and life skills education to cop-up with stigma and discrimination.

scholarly journals Risky sexual behaviors of schizophrenic patients: a single center study in Ethiopia, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biruk Negash ◽  
Bethlehem Asmamewu ◽  
Wondale Getinet Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Patient Service

Abstract Objective Identify factors related to risky sexual behavior can facilitate health care providers to approach programs that improve quality of services provided to the patient service. The aim of study to assess the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among schizophrenia patient at Amanuel Mental specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Result A total of four hundred twenty-nine participants were interviewed with a response rate of 97.05%. The prevalence of risky sexual behavior was 39.4% (95% CI 34.3, 43.6). In the multivariate logistic regression, being male sex (AOR = 3.78 (1.94, 7.38)), patients in age group between 18 and 24 (AOR = 4.85 (1.73, 13.6)), current use of alcohol (AOR = 1.86 (1.049, 3.32)), place of residence (AOR = 6.22 (2.98, 12.98)), positive symptom (AOR = 3.01 (1.55, 5.84)) were associated with risky sexual behavior.

scholarly journals Mexico: Strengthen education on adolescent reproductive health

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
School Based

Unprotected sex among Mexico’s young people often leads to unplanned pregnancy and unwanted births as well as risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV. From 1999 to 2002, FRONTIERS worked with the nongovernmental organization MEXFAM to test the feasibility, effectiveness, and cost of community-, clinic-, and school-based interventions to improve the reproductive health (RH) of youth aged 10–19. Eight cities were selected as intervention sites, and four as control sites. In the intervention sites, researchers worked with coordinators and “multipliers”—local community members such as teachers, community leaders, health-care providers, and peer educators—who taught courses on adolescent RH. In the community intervention, multipliers conducted outreach through events such as plays, sports events, parades, and concerts. In the clinic-based component, providers offered youth-friendly services at their health facilities. Four of the intervention cities also received a school-based intervention. As concluded in this brief, young people in Mexico have a general knowledge of RH, but their weak understanding of reproductive physiology and STIs makes them vulnerable to the consequences of risky behavior. Program managers should strengthen education on adolescent RH for both young people and service providers.

scholarly journals Pregnancy and childbirth in Mozambique: men as decision makers and women as caretakers?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Galle ◽  
H Cossa ◽  
N Osman ◽  
K Roelens ◽  
S Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Policy Level ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Increasing male involvement during pregnancy is considered an important, but often overlooked intervention for improving maternal health in sub-Saharan Africa. This study explores the attitudes and beliefs of health policymakers, health care providers and local communities regarding men's involvement in maternal health in southern Mozambique. Methods Ten key informant interviews with stakeholders were carried out to assess their attitudes and perspectives regarding male involvement in maternal health, followed by 10 days of semi structured observations in health care centers. Subsequently 16 focus group discussions were conducted in the community and at provider level, followed by three in depth couple interviews. Analysis was done by applying a socio-ecological systems theory in thematic analysis. Results Results show a lack of strategy at policy level to stimulate male involvement in maternal health. Invitation cards for men are used as an isolated intervention in health facilities but these have not lead to the expected success. Providers have a rather passive attitude towards male involvement initiatives and women accompanied by a husband are often put in a submissive position. In the community however, male attendance at ANC is considered important and men are willing to take a more participating role. Main barriers are the association of male attendance at ANC with being HIV infected and strong social norms and gender roles. On the one hand men are seen as caretakers of the family by providing money and making the decisions. On the other hand, men supporting their wife by showing interest in their health or sharing household tasks are seen as weak or as a manifestation of HIV seropositivity. Conclusions A clear strategy at policy level and a multi-level approach is needed. Gender-equitable relationships between men and women should be encouraged in all maternal health interventions and health programs should step away from linking male involvement to HIV prevention. Key messages Linking the promotion of gender equality to male involvement is the key for success. Step away from linking HIV prevention to male involvement in maternal health.

A Scoping Review and Content Analysis of Common Depressive Symptoms of Young People

2021 ◽  
pp. 105984052110126
Author(s):  
Jia-Wen Guo ◽  
Brooks R. Keeshin ◽  
Mike Conway ◽  
Wendy W. Chapman ◽  
Katherine A. Sward
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Five Dimensions

School nurses are the most accessible health care providers for many young people including adolescents and young adults. Early identification of depression results in improved outcomes, but little information is available comprehensively describing depressive symptoms specific to this population. The aim of this study was to develop a taxonomy of depressive symptoms that were manifested and described by young people based on a scoping review and content analysis. Twenty-five journal articles that included narrative descriptions of depressive symptoms in young people were included. A total of 60 depressive symptoms were identified and categorized into five dimensions: behavioral ( n = 8), cognitive ( n = 14), emotional ( n = 15), interpersonal ( n = 13), and somatic ( n = 10). This comprehensive depression symptom taxonomy can help school nurses to identify young people who may experience depression and will support future research to better screen for depression.

scholarly journals Gestational diabetes mellitus: a qualitative study of lived experiences of South Asian immigrant women and perspectives of their health care providers in Melbourne, Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mridula Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Asian Women ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
South Asian Women

Abstract Background South Asian women are at a high risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus than other women in Australia. Gestational diabetes affects up to 14–19% of all pregnancies among South Asian, South East Asian, and Arabic populations placing women at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although, gestational diabetes resolves after childbirth, women with gestational diabetes are up to seven times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes within five to ten years of the index pregnancy. Increasingly, South Asian women are being diagnosed with gestational diabetes in Australia. Therefore, we aimed to gain a better understanding of the lived experiences of South Asian women and their experiences of self-management and their health care providers’ perspectives of treatment strategies. Methods Using an ethnographic qualitative research methodology, semi-structured one-on-one, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 21 health care providers involved in gestational diabetes management and treatment from the three largest tertiary level maternity hospitals in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. In-depth interviews were conducted with 23 South Asian women post diagnosis between 24–28 weeks gestation in pregnancy. Results Health care providers had challenges in providing care to South Asian women. The main challenge was to get women to self-manage their blood glucose levels with lifestyle modification. Whilst, women felt self-management information provided were inadequate and inappropriate to their needs. Women felt ‘losing control over their pregnancy’, because of being preoccupied with diet and exercise to control their blood glucose level. Conclusions The gestational diabetes clinical practice at the study hospitals were unable to meet consumer expectations. Health care providers need to be familiar of diverse patient cultures, rather than applying the current ‘one size fits all’ approach that failed to engage and meet the needs of immigrant and ethnic women. Future enabling strategies should aim to co-design and develop low Glycaemic Index diet plans of staple South Asian foods and lifestyle modification messages.

scholarly journals Birth Companions, Health workers perspective: Mixed Method Study in St. Paul’s Hospital and Millennium Medical College and its Catchment Centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidist Gizachew ◽  
Tewodros Getinet ◽  
Delayehu Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Child Birth ◽  
Medical College

Abstract Background: Birth companions have been shown to improve quality of care provided to laboring women. Various studies have shown the benefits of companion during child birth. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of health care providers towards the involvement of birth companions during child birth in St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) and its selected catchment health centers. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional study which was supplemented by qualitative study design which employed phenomenological design was conducted using in depth interview of health care providers who were on practice during the study period in SPHMMC. Result: The study included a total 58 health care providers. The finding from the study showed that great proportion of health care providers involved in the study (90 %) have positive attitude towards involvement of birth companions but majority 82.4 % didn’t allow birth companions. The commonest reasons mentioned for not involving companions include fear of breach of privacy, interference with routine medical care and risk of litigation/complaints.Conclusion and Recommendation: The findings from this study showed that majority of the health care providers are against the practice of involving birth companions. Since involvement of birth companions is one way to ensure the quality of care provided there should be an effort to increase the knowledge of health professionals on benefits of birth companions. There is also a need for improvement of the work setup. Simple measures like providing screens, providing separate rooms for laboring and post-partum women will have a significant impact on the quality of care provided.

scholarly journals Person-Centered Maternity Care During Childbirth and Associated Factors at Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azezew Ambachew Tarekegne ◽  
Berhanu Wordofa Giru ◽  
Bazie Mekonnen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Person-centered maternity care is respectful and responsive care to individual women’s preferences, needs, and values and ensuring that their values guide all clinical decisions during childbirth. It is recognized as a key dimension of the quality of maternity care that increases client satisfaction and institutional delivery. However, little research has been conducted about person-centered maternity care in Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the status of person-centered maternity care and associated factors among mothers who gave birth at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.Method: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa city. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from post-natal mothers selected by systematic random sampling. The data was coded and entered using Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multivariable linear regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with person-centered maternity care. The strength of association between independent and dependent variables was reported by using unstandardized β at 95% CI and p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: In this study 384 mothers were participated with a response rate of 99.2%. The overall prevalence of person-centered maternity care was 65.8%. Respondents who had no ANC follow-up (β= -5.39, 95% CI: -10.52, -0.26), <4 ANC follow up (β= -3.99, 95% CI: -6.63, -1.36), night time delivery (β= -3.95, 95% CI: -5.91, -1.98) and complications during delivery (β= -3.18, 95% CI: -6.01, -0.35) were factors significantly associated with person-centered maternity care.Conclusion and Recommendations: The finding of this study showed that the proportion of person-centered maternity care among mothers who gave birth in public hospitals of Addis Ababa was high as compared to previous studies. The factors affecting person-centered maternity care are manageable to interventions. Therefore, Health care providers need to provide person-centered maternity care for all mothers.

A comparative analysis of two alternative programmes to counter stigma and discrimination associated with mental illness delivered to medical students

2020 ◽  
pp. 103985622097193
Author(s):  
Sarah E Gordon ◽  
Leah A Kininmonth ◽  
Giles Newton-Howes ◽  
Gordon L Purdie ◽  
Tracey Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Effective Contact ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Over Time

Objective: To assess and compare attitudes of medical students in response to two service-user-led anti-stigma and discrimination education programmes. Method: Two programmes, consistent with the key elements of effective contact-based anti-stigma and discrimination education programmes for healthcare providers, were delivered to medical students in their penultimate and final year: a more intensive version of the programme in 2015/2016 and a briefer programme in 2016/2017. Attitudes were assessed using the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ) and the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC-20) at the beginning and end of their final year. Results: There were no significant differences between the years in initial scores on either scale. Both cohorts showed statistically significant reductions in scores on both scales after completion of the programme, indicating overall improvements in students’ attitudes with reductions in stigma, and more positive attitudes towards recovery of those in mental distress. The more intensive programme led to significantly greater improvement in reductions in stigma than the less intensive programme. Conclusion: Findings support the need for contact-based anti-stigma and discrimination education programmes for medical students that are both intensive and repeated over time.

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