scholarly journals Contamination of street food with multidrug-resistant Salmonella, in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253312
Author(s):  
Marguerite E. M. Nikiema ◽  
Maria Pardos de la Gandara ◽  
Kiswensida A. M. Compaore ◽  
Absétou Ky Ba ◽  
Karna D. Soro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Street Food ◽  
High Prevalence

Background Gastrointestinal infections are a global public health problem. In Burkina Faso, West Africa, exposure to Salmonella through the consumption of unhygienic street food represents a major risk of infection requiring detailed evaluation. Methods Between June 2017 and July 2018, we sampled 201 street food stalls, in 11 geographic sectors of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. We checked for Salmonella contamination in 201 sandwiches (one per seller), according to the ISO 6579:2002 standard. All Salmonella isolates were characterized by serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and whole-genome sequencing was performed on a subset of isolates, to investigate their phylogenetic relationships and antimicrobial resistance determinants. Results The prevalence of Salmonella enterica was 17.9% (36/201) and the Salmonella isolates belonged to 16 different serotypes, the most frequent being Kentucky, Derby and Tennessee, with five isolates each. Six Salmonella isolates from serotypes Brancaster and Kentucky were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Whole-genome sequencing revealed that four of these MDR isolates belonged to the emergent S. enterica serotype Kentucky clone ST198-X1 and to an invasive lineage of S. enterica serotype Enteritidis (West African clade). Conclusion This study reveals a high prevalence of Salmonella spp. in sandwiches sold in Ouagadougou. The presence of MDR Salmonella in food on sale detected in this study is also matter of concern.

scholarly journals Whole genomic sequencing based genotyping reveals a specific X3 sublineage restricted to Mexico and related with multidrug resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Jiménez-Ruano ◽  
Carlos Francisco Madrazo-Moya ◽  
Irving Cancino-Muñoz ◽  
Paulina M. Mejía-Ponce ◽  
Cuauhtémoc Licona-Cassani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Genomic Sequencing ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Genomic Cluster

AbstractWhole genome sequencing (WGS) has been shown to be superior to traditional procedures of genotyping in tuberculosis (TB), nevertheless, reports of its use in drug resistant TB (DR-TB) isolates circulating in Mexico, are practically unknown. Considering the above the main of this work was to identify and characterize the lineages and genomic transmission clusters present in 67 DR-TB isolates circulating in southeastern Mexico. The results show the presence of three major lineages: L1 (3%), L2 (3%) and L4 (94%), the last one included 16 sublineages. Sublineage 4.1.1.3 (X3) was predominant in 18 (27%) of the isolates, including one genomic cluster, formed by eleven multidrug resistant isolates and sharing the SIT 3278, which seems to be restricted to Mexico. By the use of WGS, it was possible to identify the high prevalence of L4 and a high number of sublineages circulating in the region, also was recognized the presence of a novel X3 sublineage, formed exclusively by multidrug resistant isolates and with restrictive circulation in Mexico for at least the past 17 years.

scholarly journals Whole-genome sequencing analysis of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1013-1019
Author(s):  
Tryna Tania ◽  
Pratiwi Sudarmono ◽  
R. Lia Kusumawati ◽  
Andriansjah Rukmana ◽  
Wahyu Agung Pratama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Introduction. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major public health problem globally, including in Indonesia. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis has rarely been used for the study of TB and MDR-TB in Indonesia. Aim. We evaluated the use of WGS for drug-susceptibility testing (DST) and to investigate the population structure of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Java, Indonesia. Methodology. Thirty suspected MDR-TB isolates were subjected to MGIT 960 system (MGIT)-based DST and to WGS. Phylogenetic analysis was done using the WGS data. Results obtained using MGIT-based DST and WGS-based DST were compared. Results. Agreement between WGS and MGIT was 93.33 % for rifampicin, 83.33 % for isoniazid and 76.67 % for streptomycin but only 63.33 % for ethambutol. Moderate WGS–MGIT agreement was found for second-line drugs including amikacin, kanamycin and fluoroquinolone (73.33–76.67 %). MDR-TB was more common in isolates of the East Asian Lineage (63.3%). No evidence of clonal transmission of DR-TB was found among members of the tested population. Conclusion. Our study demonstrated the applicability of WGS for DST and molecular epidemiology of DR-TB in Java, Indonesia. We found no transmission of DR-TB in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals a Prolonged and Persistent Intrahospital Transmission of Corynebacterium striatum, an Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuebing Wang ◽  
Haijian Zhou ◽  
Dongke Chen ◽  
Pengcheng Du ◽  
Ruiting Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Corynebacterium Striatum

ABSTRACT Corynebacterium striatum is an emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogen that occurs primarily among immunocompromised and chronically ill patients. However, little is known about the genomic diversity of C. striatum, which contributes to its long-term persistence and transmission in hospitals. In this study, a total of 192 C. striatum isolates obtained from 14 September 2017 to 29 March 2018 in a hospital in Beijing, China, were analyzed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on 91 isolates. Nearly all isolates (96.3%, 183/190) were MDR. The highest resistance rate was observed for ciprofloxacin (99.0%, 190/192), followed by cefotaxime (90.6%, 174/192) and erythromycin (89.1%, 171/192). PFGE separated the 192 isolates into 79 pulsotypes, and differences in core genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) partitioned the 91 isolates sequenced into four clades. Isolates of the same pulsotype were identical or nearly identical at the genome level, with some exceptions. Two dominant subclones, clade 3a, and clade 4a, were responsible for the hospital-wide dissemination. Genomic analysis further revealed nine resistance genes mobilized by eight unique cassettes. PFGE and whole-genome sequencing revealed that the C. striatum isolates studied were the result mainly of predominant clones spreading in the hospital. C. striatum isolates in the hospital progressively acquired resistance to antimicrobial agents, demonstrating that isolates of C. striatum may adapt rapidly through the acquisition and accumulation of resistance genes and thus evolve into dominant and persistent clones. These insights will be useful for the prevention of C. striatum infection in hospitals.

scholarly journals 677. Activity of Novel β-Lactamase Inhibitor QPX7728 Combined with β-Lactam Agents When Tested Against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) Isolates

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S309-S309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Castanheira ◽  
Jill Lindley ◽  
Holly Huynh ◽  
Rodrigo E Mendes ◽  
Olga Lomovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Lactamase Inhibitor ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Abstract Background CREs have been described worldwide and these isolates are often multidrug resistant with few therapeutic options remaining active against them. New β-lactam (BL)/β-lactamase inhibitor (BLI) combinations recently approved are active against KPC and some OXA-48 producers, but not against isolates producing metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). We evaluated the activity of QPX7728 (QPX), a novel BLI paired with various BLs against a collection of CRE isolates characterized for the presence of carbapenemases. Methods A total of 508 CRE clinical isolates were susceptibility (S) tested by reference broth microdilution methods against meropenem (MER), tebipenem (TEB), cefepime (FEP), ceftolozane (TOL), and ertapenem (ETP), and meropenem (MEM) combined with QPX at fixed 2, 4, and 8 mg/L. Agents were provided by Qpex Biopharma except for FEP, ETP, and MEM. Carbapenemases were detected using PCR/sequencing or whole-genome sequencing. Results All BLs had limited activity against CRE isolates (MIC50/90, ≥32/ >32 mg/L) and QPX lowered the MIC for all agents (figure). Against 157 isolates carrying serine-carbapenemase (SCarb) genes (153 KPC-producers), MEM or ETP plus QPX at fixed 4 or 8 mg/L displayed MIC50 at ≤ 0.03 mg/L and MIC90 ranging from 0.12 to 0.5 mg/L. QPX lowered the FEP or TOL MIC50 to ≤ 0.25 mg/L and MIC90 to 0.25, 0.5 or 1 mg/L depending on the BLI concentration. Over 98.0% of the 150 isolates harboring OXA-48-like genes were inhibited by FEP, TOL, ETP or MEM plus QPX at ≤2 mg/L. Similarly, MEM, FEP, TOL and ETP + QPX inhibited >98.0% of the 51 CREs that did not carry carbapenemases at ≤2 mg/L when using a higher BLI concentration. The activity of FEP (MIC50/90, 0.06/1 mg/L), ETP (MIC50/90, 0.03/4 mg/L), and MEM (MIC50/90, ≤ 0.015/2 mg/L) was mostly restored when 8 mg/L of QPX was combined with these agents and tested against 150 MBL-producing isolates. Conclusion QPX restored the activity of several BLs when tested against 508 CRE isolates that include 157 harboring SCarb, 150 OXA-48-like-producers, and 150 MBL-producing isolates. Further development of this BLI with inhibitory activity against all carbapenemase types seems warranted. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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