scholarly journals Assessing the level of digital maturity of enterprises in the Central and Eastern European countries using the MCDM and Shannon’s entropy methods

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0253965
Author(s):  
Jarosław Brodny ◽  
Magdalena Tutak
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Entropy Methods ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Eastern European Countries

The process of global economic digitalization is a natural stage of evolutionary changes resulting from a dynamic development of information and communication technologies. Having appreciated the importance and advantages of digital transformation, individual countries began to strive to introduce it as soon as possible. In this context, it is important to study the level of digital maturity in Central and Eastern Europe, where the level of digitization is relatively low. This article assesses the level of digital readiness of enterprises in these countries based on 14 determinants characterizing the most important areas of the digitalization process. The research was carried out for 11 countries from the region, both for all and manufacturing enterprises. Multi-criteria analysis aimed at assessing the digital maturity of countries were performed using the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making methods (the TOPSIS, MOORA, VIKOR), and entropy methods for delineating the weights of the determinants. In order to obtain an unambiguous assessment of the determined digital maturity, the mean-rank method was applied. The method of multidimensional scaling allowed for the analysis of similarities between the countries in question. The results showed that the level of digital maturity in the Central and Eastern Europe countries varies greatly and is lower than in other European Union countries.

Labour Productivity, ICT and Complementary Factors in the CEE Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-397
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Skorupińska ◽  
Łukasz Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Role Of Information

The paper discusses the role of Information and Communication Technologies for labour productivity in the Central and Eastern European countries, taking into account the consequences of the latest global economic crisis. It focuses on the factors (ICT complementarities) influencing the ICT diffusion trajectories, and thus having impact on labour productivity. The fixed effects models and least squares dummy variable (LSDV) regression was implemented with the use of panel data for 21 European Union member countries. The analysis revealed that only some complementary factors to ICT investments appeared significant to affect labour productivity in the CEE Region. It also showed that sources of labour productivity are sensitive to cyclical changes in the economy.

The Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Economic Growth and Electricity Consumption

2020 ◽  
pp. 307-324
Author(s):  
Burcu Berke ◽  
Gülsüm Akarsu ◽  
Gökhan Obay
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

Information overload is an important issue in the digital economy. Although, information can be easily accessed and disseminated by widespread use of information and communication technologies (ICT) since 1990s; among countries, there are still significant disparities in information access and utilization as well as ICT access and usage. ICT affect economy, industries and companies holistically and have important functions like increasing economic growth and promoting development. The basic purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of ICT on economic growth and electricity consumption for a group of Balkan and Eastern European countries by using other economic variables that affect electricity consumption and growth, such as income and electricity consumption for control purposes. This study employed a panel data method on a group of Balkan and Eastern European countries to verify the effect of other economic variables, primarily electricity consumption and found that ICT had positive impacts on economic growth.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF INSTITUTIONS ON SERVICES EXPORTS OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Shnyrkov ◽  
Rita Zablotska ◽  
Oleksii Chugaiev
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Institutional Factor ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact

Besides labor, capital and technology, institutions are another important factor of production and exports. They set a framework of motivation for economic activities and their efficiency. The previous research provided evidence for the effect of institutions on international trade and development. This paper focuses on the effect of institutional progress on export competitiveness of several services sectors in Central and Eastern Europe in the post-crisis period (2011-2017). In the analyzed period the services exports growth turned out to be more stable than the goods exports growth. The multi-country models showed that several types of institutional improvements affected the exports growth in the medium run. Excluding outliers, using weighted enlarged sample and alternative method for measuring exports growth were applied to assess robustness of the research results. Labor force growth, GDP and GDP per capita were initially used as control variables, but in most cases their effect for exports growth was insignificant in Central and Eastern Europe. Sector specific approach to the analysis turned out to be the most effective to understand the transmission mechanism of the effect under the situation of services heterogeneity. Monetary freedom (currency stability and market-based prices) stimulates exports of transport services. The rule of law (contract enforcement, property rights, efficiency of police and courts, absence of crime and violence etc.) is important for raising international tourism receipts. Information and communication technologies services exports depend primarily on voice and accountability (democratic principles, respects human rights and free media). As for financial and insurance services exports, no significant institutional factor was found. Control of corruption, political stability, labor freedom, government integrity, government effectiveness and lower government size also may be important, but their effect is not robust or cannot be distinguished from the effect of the abovesaid factors. It is more likely that fighting corruption may have a positive impact on the services exports than on the goods exports. The latter depend positively on the level of investment freedom. Using the selected EU Member States in Central and Eastern Europe as a benchmarking level enabled us to estimate a potential effect for services exports in case of Ukraine if it reaches their level of institutional development. In particular the institutional progress can boost Ukrainian transport, tourism, information and communication technologies services exports by 30-200% or by 10-15% of its GDP.

The Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Economic Growth and Electricity Consumption

2017 ◽  
pp. 176-200
Author(s):  
Burcu Berke ◽  
Gülsüm Akarsu ◽  
Gökhan Obay
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Economic Variables ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

Information overload is an important issue in the digital economy. Although, information can be easily accessed and disseminated by widespread use of information and communication technologies (ICT) since 1990s; among countries, there are still significant disparities in information access and utilization as well as ICT access and usage. ICT affect economy, industries and companies holistically and have important functions like increasing economic growth and promoting development. The basic purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of ICT on economic growth and electricity consumption for a group of Balkan and Eastern European countries by using other economic variables that affect electricity consumption and growth, such as income and electricity consumption for control purposes. This study employed a panel data method on a group of Balkan and Eastern European countries to verify the effect of other economic variables, primarily electricity consumption and found that ICT had positive impacts on economic growth.

Scales and Dynamics in Outsourcing

2011 ◽  
pp. 1399-1406
Author(s):  
Iva Miranda Pires ◽  
Torunn Kvinge
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Great Degree ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Offshore Outsourcing ◽  
Institutional Changes ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
New Markets ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Information And Communication

Outsourcing is used to describe the situation where a firm decides to subcontract assembly and/or service functions to an external supplier, either locally or abroad. When activities are subcontracted abroad, the term offshore outsourcing often applies. While offshore assembling activities have taken place for some time, the phenomenon of outsourcing services abroad is quite new. Several factors have contributed to these altered circumstances. First, the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) implies that services can, to a great degree, also be located at arm’s length or elsewhere in the flat world (Friedman, 2005). Second, institutional changes have opened access to new markets for goods and services as well as skilled labor, for instance in Eastern Europe and China. Third, the increased competition through globalization pushes firms to adapt quickly to new contexts and to achieve efficiency in order to maintain competitiveness.

Central and Eastern Europe & The Republics of the Former Soviet Union: Guide to Current Sources of Laws and Other Documents in English

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-190
Author(s):  
Marta Kiszely
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Electronic Format ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Foreign Materials ◽  
Eastern European Countries

Due to the rapid changes in the legal systems of Central and Eastern European countries and the republics of the former Soviet Union, the question that researchers and librarians nowadays face is how to get current foreign materials in English in a reliable published form. Only two years ago the problem was that there were no comprehensive, consistent, and current sources in English translations. Today the problem is not so much finding sources as being certain of the reliability and continuity of the available sources. There is a boom in new publications and services (both primary and secondary, both in paper and in electronic format), but one cannot always count on them for timely, regular publication, and consistent scope of coverage.

Diversity in the use of information and communication technologies among European Union countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Jolanta Wojnar
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Method Of Principal Components ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
Components Analysis

The aim of the research discussed in the article is to assess the diversity among European Union countries in terms of the use of information and communication technologies (ICT). Fifteen indicators describing the use of ICT by natural persons and households were selected for the analysis. The data were obtained from Statistics Poland reports and from the Eurostat database for the year 2017. The method of principal components analysis was applied in the process of analysing the diversity. Moreover, a cluster analysis based on the k-means method was performed. The analysis demonstrates that Scandinavian and Benelux countries are the leaders in using ICT, while countries of southern and south-eastern Europe as well as Poland are the lowest rated.

scholarly journals Regional Cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe and its Implications for the EU

European View ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktória Jančošekovà
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Migration Crisis ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Visegrád Countries ◽  
The Eu

Regional cooperation is mutually beneficial collaboration between neighbouring countries. This holds regardless of whether it is a matter of cooperation between the Benelux countries, the Nordic–Baltic states, France and Germany, or the Visegrad countries. The last-mentioned countries' dismissive attitude to tackling the migration crisis has thrust them into the limelight. The most recent cooperative forums in the Central Eastern Europe region, such as the Slavkov Triangle and the Three Seas Initiative, evidence a new dynamic and a regrouping of forces on the basis of national interests and EU themes. Western and Eastern Europe have different approaches to the most pressing challenges, such as migration. These differences have caused deep divisions between their respective leaders. However, the disagreements on the migration issue and the future of the EU notwithstanding, regional cooperation among the Central and Eastern European countries remains valuable in areas that include the integration process, security and defence.

The changing nature of the transatlantic link: U.S. approaches and implications for Central and Eastern Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Transatlantic Trade ◽  
Transatlantic Relationship ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

This article examines the changing security, economic and diplomatic components of the transatlantic link, with a particular focus on Washington’s approach and implications for Central and Eastern Europe. The United States continues to play an essential role as security underwriter in the region, but the military dimension of the transatlantic relationship is transforming and will result in greater burdens on Europeans. Economic links between the U.S. and Central Europe are developing more strongly than generally understood, and the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership is likely to drive both political and economic ties. Unconventional gas developments are enhancing U.S. engagement in European energy markets. Finally, the U.S. remains keen to engage its European partners on a broad agenda of global and regional issues and retains its own interests in working particularly with Central and Eastern European countries to lend stability to ‘wider Europe’.

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