Barriers and facilitators to physical activity in second-generation British Indian women: A qualitative study

Aim To understand the barriers to and motivations for physical activity among second-generation British Indian women. Subject Approximately 50% of British South Asians are UK-born, and this group is increasing as the second-generation also have children. Previous research into the barriers to and facilitators for physical activity has focused on migrant, first-generation populations. Qualitative research is needed to understand a) how we might further reduce the gap in physical activity levels between White British women and British Indian women and b) the different approaches that may be required for different generations. Methods Applying a socioecological model to take into account the wider social and physical contexts, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 Indian women living in Manchester, England. Interviews with first-generation British Indian women were also included to provide a comparator. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, thematically coded and analysed using a grounded theory approach. Results Ways of socialising, concerns over appearance while being physically active, safety concerns and prioritising educational attainment in adolescence were all described as barriers to physical activity in second-generation British Indian women. Facilitators for physical activity included acknowledging the importance of taking time out for oneself; religious beliefs and religious groups promoting activity; being prompted by family illness; positive messages in both the media and while at school, and having local facilities to use. Conclusions Barriers to physical activity in second-generation Indian women were very similar to those already reported for White British women. Public health measures aimed at women in the general population may also positively affect second-generation Indian women. First-generation Indian women, second-generation children and Muslim women may respond better to culturally tailored interventions.

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What shapes physical activity attitudes within an ethnic minority? An intergenerational comparison of British Indian women

10.21203/rs.2.13912/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Prachi Bhatnagar ◽

Charlie Foster ◽

Alison Shaw

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

South Asian ◽

First Generation ◽

Second Generation ◽

Asian Women ◽

Theory Approach ◽

South Asian Women ◽

Physically Active ◽

Indian Women ◽

Barriers To Physical Activity

Abstract Background: Survey data indicate that second-generation UK South Asian women are more physically active than first-generation women, but less active than White British women. In the 2011 UK census, approximately 50% of UK South Asian ethnic groups were born in the UK, and this group is increasing as the second-generation also have children. Qualitative work is needed to determine why these changes in physical activity have occurred and how we might further reduce the gap in physical activity levels between White British women and British Indian women. Methods : We used qualitative methods to understand attitudes, barriers and motivations for physical activity in two generations of British Indian women, using a socioecological model to take into account the wider social and physical contexts. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 28 Indian women living in Manchester, England. Respondents completed a 7-day exercise diary prior to the interview. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, thematically coded and analysed using a grounded theory approach. Results : Gender strongly influenced the physical activity of both the first and second-generation. Physical activity lessons in school and the media influenced second-generation Indian women's attitudes to physical activity. Consequently, their motivations and barriers to physical activity were very similar to those reported for White British women. Second-generation Muslim women reported their religion affecting the way they exercise, however this was not the case for the Hindu and Sikh women in this study. First-generation Indian women reported prioritising family and housework over leisure-time physical activity; this is similar to findings reported in previous research on physical activity in South Asian women. Conclusions : Among second-generation Indian women, gender-related barriers to physical activity were very similar to those already reported for White British women. Therefore public health measures aimed at combating conflicts between femininity and being physically active may also positively affect second-generation Indian women. First-generation Indian women are likely to respond better to culturally tailored interventions. Future research should further explore the effects of religion on the physical activity on women and generational differences in the physical activity attitudes of other ethnic minorities.

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Rural Neighborhood Walkability: Implications for Assessment

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2013-0431 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (s1) ◽

pp. S40-S45 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Michelle C. Kegler ◽

Iris Alcantara ◽

Regine Haardörfer ◽

Alexandra Gemma ◽

Denise Ballard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Physically Active ◽

Neighborhood Walkability ◽

Bodies Of Water ◽

Active Adults

Background:Physical activity levels, including walking, are lower in the southern U.S., particularly in rural areas. This study investigated the concept of rural neighborhood walkability to aid in developing tools for assessing walkability and to identify intervention targets in rural communities.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with physically active adults (n = 29) in rural Georgia. Mean age of participants was 55.9 years; 66% were male, 76% were white, and 24% were African American. Participants drew maps of their neighborhoods and discussed the relevance of typical domains of walkability to their decisions to exercise. Comparative analyses were conducted to identify major themes.Results:The majority felt the concept of neighborhood was applicable and viewed their neighborhood as small geographically (less than 0.5 square miles). Sidewalks were not viewed as essential for neighborhood-based physical activity and typical destinations for walking were largely absent. Destinations within walking distance included neighbors’ homes and bodies of water. Views were mixed on whether shade, safety, dogs, and aesthetics affected decisions to exercise in their neighborhoods.Conclusions:Measures of neighborhood walkability in rural areas should acknowledge the small size of self-defined neighborhoods, that walking in rural areas is likely for leisure time exercise, and that some domains may not be relevant.

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Physical activity among 60–69-year-olds in England: knowledge, perception, behaviour and risk factors

Ageing and Society ◽

10.1017/s0144686x10000486 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 1343-1355 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

MOUSHUMI CHAUDHURY ◽

NICOLA SHELTON

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Physical Activity Participation ◽

Activity Participation ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Health Promotion And Education ◽

Nationally Representative ◽

Barriers To Physical Activity

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the risk factors that influence physical activity levels among a representative sample of older people in England and their awareness of the Chief Medical Officer's recommended level of physical activity. The paper analyses data from the cross-sectional, nationally-representative Health Surveys for England (HSfE) in 2006 and 2007. In HSfE2006, 1,550 adults aged 60–69 years responded to a physical activity participation questionnaire, and in HSfE2007, 561 adults aged 60–64 years were asked about their knowledge of the physical activity requirement and their attitudes to participation. Very few respondents knew the recommended physical activity target, but more than one-half thought they had enough physical activity in their daily life, and over three-quarters thought they were ‘very’ or ‘fairly’ physically active compared with age peers. The perceived barriers to physical activity included work commitments, lack of leisure time and poor health. It was found that obesity, not being in work and having a limiting long-term illness associated with a lower likelihood of physical activity. Participation in sports and exercise, walking, heavy housework and gardening were all lower in non-working than working adults. Older adults had unrealistic views of their activity levels, and of work and lack of time as barriers to physical activity. It is concluded that more attention needs to be paid to health promotion and education among the over-sixties, especially those not in paid work.

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Older adults’ construal of sedentary behaviour: Implications for reducing sedentary behaviour in older adult populations

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105320909870 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 135910532090987 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laura J McGowan ◽

Rachael Powell ◽

David P French

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Physically Active ◽

North West ◽

Health Related

Older adults are the most sedentary age group, with sedentary behaviour having negative health-related consequences. There is currently limited understanding of how older adults view sedentary behaviour. This study investigated older adults’ understanding of the concept of sedentary behaviour. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 community-dwelling older adults in urban North-West England, selected to be diverse in socio-economic background and activity levels. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted. Participants often construed sedentary behaviour as synonymous with a lack of physical activity, and many perceived reducing sedentary behaviour and increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity to be the same thing. Participants perceived the term ‘sedentary’ to have negative connotations and were often judgemental of people who engaged in high levels of sedentary behaviour. Most participants considered reducing sedentary behaviour to be of value, though more active individuals were unconvinced that reducing sedentary behaviour has value beyond the benefits of being physically active. Interventions may wish to provide education to address the misconception that increasing moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is necessary in order to reduce sedentary behaviour. Educating older adults on the independent health consequences of sedentary behaviour may also prove beneficial.

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Profiles of Loneliness and Social Isolation in Physically Active and Inactive Older Adults in Rural England

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18083971 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 3971

Author(s):

Jolanthe de Koning ◽

Suzanne H. Richards ◽

Grace E. R. Wood ◽

Afroditi Stathi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Physical Environment ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Social Contact ◽

Physical Activity Behaviour ◽

Rural Setting ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Physically Active

Objective: Loneliness and social isolation are associated with higher risk of morbidity and mortality and physical inactivity in older age. This study explored the socioecological context in which both physically active and inactive older adults experience loneliness and/or social isolation in a UK rural setting. Design: A mixed-methods design employed semi structured interviews and accelerometer-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Interviews explored the personal, social and environmental factors influencing engagement with physical activities, guided by an adapted-socioecological model of physical activity behaviour. Findings: Twenty-four older adults (MeanAge = 73 (5.8 SD); 12 women) were interviewed. Transcripts were thematically analysed and seven profiles of physical activity, social isolation and loneliness were identified. The high-MVPA group had established PA habits, reported several sources of social contact and evaluated their physical environment as activity friendly. The low MVPA group had diverse experiences of past engagement in social activities. Similar to the high MVPA, they reported a range of sources of social contact but they did not perceive the physical environment as activity friendly. Conclusions: Loneliness and/or social isolation was reported by both physically active and inactive older adults. There is wide diversity and complexity in types and intensity of PA, loneliness and social isolation profiles and personal, social and environmental contexts.

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Understanding Experiences of Fibromyalgia Patients Involved in the Fimouv Study During COVID-19 Lockdown

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.645092 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Claire Colas ◽

Audrey Jumel ◽

Marie-Pierre Vericel ◽

Nathalie Barth ◽

Jessica Manzanares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Trial Registration ◽

Therapeutic Education ◽

Social Constraints ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Clinical Trial Registration ◽

Physically Active ◽

Activity Program ◽

Regular Practice

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic implied a period of lockdown for the general population, increasing the risk to develop some physical or mental disorders. In fibromyalgia patients, these disorders are part of the large clinical picture of the syndrome. Fibromyalgia management is especially based on a regular practice of physical activity. Lockdown imposed a break in rhythms, requiring a restructuring of scheduling. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the experiences of fibromyalgia patients during COVID-19 lockdown using a qualitative analysis.Method: 19 patients (52 ± 9 years old) who completed a 3-month therapeutic education and/or supervised physical activity program were invited to participate (Fimouv study, Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04107948). A sociologist collected data by means of semi-structured interviews and analyzed them using thematic content analysis.Results: Lockdown exacerbated the main symptoms of fibromyalgia, but adjusting the rhythms of life to fluctuations of these symptoms allowed a better quality of life. Patients felt the lack of physical activity and 68% found alternatives to remain physically active. The reduction of social constraints allowed them to better contend with their pathology. Fibromyalgia stopped being a main priority.Conclusion: Lockdown was positively experienced by fibromyalgia patients. They linked the absence of physical activity with increased pain and fatigue. Nevertheless, reducing social constraints could be a key for fibromyalgia management, where symptoms seemed to take less space in everyday life.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04107948.

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Why do first and second-generation young migrants volunteer? The Migrant Volunteerism Motivation Model (MVMM)

Journal of Social and Political Psychology ◽

10.5964/jspp.v7i2.1104 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 1089-1107 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sara Alfieri ◽

Daniela Marzana ◽

Sara Martinez Damia

Keyword(s):

Transition To Adulthood ◽

Process Model ◽

First Generation ◽

Second Generation ◽

Maintenance Phase ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Italian Context ◽

First And Second Generation ◽

Motivation Model

The following study aims at inquiring into the motivations behind young migrants’ volunteerism in civic organizations in Italy, namely in starting and maintaining their engagement (preliminary vs. maintenance phase). The term “young migrants” refers to first and second generation of migrants who deal with two challenges: the transition to adulthood and the acquisition of a cultural identity. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 37 Sub-Saharan young migrants living in Italy (18-32 years old), 19 of first generation (1G) and 18 of second generation (2G). The Omoto and Snyder’s Volunteer Process Model (VPM, 1995) was used as an underpinning theoretical framework and a guide for the interpretations of the results. The findings indicate that a) motivations included in the VPM are also found for young migrants, b) some of these motivations take particular meaning for young migrants, c) some motivations are not included in the VPM and are specific of this sample. We named these last motivations: social norms, advocacy and ethno-cultural. In addition, some considerations may be advanced regarding the generation and the phase of motivation: 1G migrants are particularly moved by the importance of integration in the Italian context and by the promotion of their ethnic group while 2G migrants reported mostly the desire to understand their roots. The values, the concern for the community and the longing to develop relationships are the motivations for which all young migrants continue to volunteer; however, 1G migrants are also sustained by advocacy and ethno-cultural motivations. Implications and future directions are discussed.

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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity practice of people with disabilities

EDUCATION SCIENCES AND SOCIETY ◽

10.3280/ess1-2021oa11886 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 240-251

Author(s):

Márcia Greguol ◽

Cristiana Conti ◽

Bruno Marson Malagodi ◽

Bruna Barboza Seron ◽

Elaine Cappellazzo Souto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Eating Habits ◽

People With Disabilities ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

World Population ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physically Active ◽

Healthy Habits ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The Impact

The global pandemic caused by the COVID-19 has profoundly changed the daily life of most of the world population. People with disabilities have been particularly affected by these changes, which often have accentuated their isolation and marginalization also due to greater difficulties in accessing healthcare services. People with disabilities have also been impacted in relation to their ability to participate in physical activity with even more adverse consequences for their quality of life and health. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity practice of people with disabilities and to understand the changes that caregivers have perceived for the participation in physical activity of this specific population. It emerged that, regardless of the type of disability, people with this condition experienced drastic reductions in their physical activity levels during the pandemic and in most cases did not have access to any type of remote guidance. Furthermore, a higher prevalence of sedentary behavior and negative changes in eating habits have been reported by the caregivers, highlighting the need for specific strategies and initiatives for people with disabilities to maintain healthy habits and a physically active lifestyle.

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Cultural connectedness as a determinant of physical activity among Indigenous adults in Saskatchewan

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2019-0793 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (9) ◽

pp. 937-947 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Avery Ironside ◽

Leah J. Ferguson ◽

Tarun R. Katapally ◽

Heather J.A. Foulds

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

First Nations ◽

Indigenous Peoples ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Indigenous Identity ◽

Physically Active ◽

Cultural Connectedness ◽

Activity Groups

Cultural connectedness has been associated with increased self-esteem and mental health among Indigenous Peoples. Physical activity is an important contributor to health, although the importance of culture as a determinant of physical activity for Indigenous Peoples in Canada is unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate differences in cultural connectedness between Indigenous adults in Canada achieving high and low physical activity levels. Questionnaires evaluated cultural connectedness and physical activity. Indigenous adults were classified into high and low physical activity groups at the specific group mean and as meeting or not meeting musculoskeletal activity guidelines of twice per week. First Nations and specifically Cree/Nehiyaw First Nations adults who were more physically active reported greater identity, spirituality, traditions, exploration, commitment, affirmation/belonging, and overall cultural connectedness. Cultural connectedness elements of commitment, exploration, identity, affirmation/belonging, traditions, spirituality, and overall cultural connectedness were not different between high and low physical activity Métis adults. Musculoskeletal activity was not associated with any elements of cultural connectedness among any Indigenous identity. Cultural connectedness is a protective factor for physical activity among First Nations and Cree/Nehiyaw First Nations adults, but not among Métis adults in Canada. Novelty Musculoskeletal activity was not associated with cultural connectedness. Cultural connectedness is a protective factor of physical activity for First Nations adults. Moving away from one’s home community was associated with lower cultural connectedness for Indigenous Peoples.

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Embedding Active Pedagogies within Pre-Service Teacher Education: Implementation Considerations and Recommendations

Children ◽

10.3390/children7110207 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 207

Author(s):

Natalie Lander ◽

Emiliano Mazzoli ◽

Samuel Cassar ◽

Naomi Symington ◽

Jo Salmon

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Teacher Education ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Activity Levels ◽

School Students ◽

Physically Active ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Pre Service Teacher Education ◽

Pre Service Teacher

The physical activity levels of children in Australia are critically low and correlate with reduced academic achievement and poor health outcomes. Schools provide an ideal setting for physical activity interventions to help children move more. Instead of targeting in-service teachers, this study embedded an evidence-based active pedagogy program called Transform-Ed! into pre-service teacher education. Pre/post surveys and post-program interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with key stakeholders (n = 5), lecturers (n = 6), and pre-service teachers (n = 274) involved with the 12-week program. The design, implementation, and evaluation of the study were systematically guided by all five dimensions of Glasgow and colleagues’ RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework. Linear mixed models, descriptive analysis and a framework approach were used to analyse the data. Significant improvements were observed in pre-service teachers’ willingness, confidence, and competence to implement physically active pedagogic strategies following the intervention. Pre-service teacher perceived effectiveness of such strategies on student outcomes also significantly increased and perceived barriers decreased. High adherence was consistently reported and the program was maintained after completion of the implementation trial by all lecturers. Four key themes spanning multiple dimensions and participant levels informed recommendations for program scalability: an “inter-systemic approach”, a “co-design” approach, “embedded in professional practice”, and “evidence of impact” on teacher practice. Anchored in real-world settings and tethered by implementation science, Transform-Ed! could have the potential to advance the teaching capability of teachers, and transform the learning experience and physical and academic outcomes of primary school students.

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