scholarly journals Content-based user classifier to uncover information exchange in disaster-motivated networks

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259342
Author(s):  
Pouria Babvey ◽  
Gabriela Gongora-Svartzman ◽  
Carlo Lipizzi ◽  
Jose E. Ramirez-Marquez
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Diffusion Rates ◽  
Network Metrics ◽  
Reduced Time

Disasters strike communities around the world, with a reduced time-frame for warning and action leaving behind high rates of damage, mortality, and years in rebuilding efforts. For the past decade, social media has indicated a positive role in communicating before, during, and after disasters. One important question that remained un-investigated is that whether social media efficiently connect affected individuals to disaster relief agencies, and if not, how AI models can use historical data from previous disasters to facilitate information exchange between the two groups. In this study, the BERT model is first fine-tuned using historical data and then it is used to classify the tweets associated with hurricanes Dorian and Harvey based on the type of information provided; and alongside, the network between users is constructed based on the retweets and replies on Twitter. Afterwards, some network metrics are used to measure the diffusion rate of each type of disaster-motivated information. The results show that the messages by disaster eyewitnesses get the least spread while the posts by governments and media have the highest diffusion rates through the network. Additionally, the “cautions and advice” messages get the most spread among other information types while “infrastructure and utilities” and “affected individuals” messages get the least diffusion even compared with “sympathy and support”. The analysis suggests that facilitating the propagation of information provided by affected individuals, using AI models, will be a valuable strategy to pursue in order to accelerate communication between affected individuals and survival groups during the disaster and aftermath.

scholarly journals Detection of FAKE NEWS on SOCIAL MEDIA using CLASSIFICATION Data Mining Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3132-3138
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Other Information

In today’s world social media is one of the most important tool for communication that helps people to interact with each other and share their thoughts, knowledge or any other information. Some of the most popular social media websites are Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp and Wechat etc. Since, it has a large impact on people’s daily life it can be used a source for any fake or misinformation. So it is important that any information presented on social media should be evaluated for its genuineness and originality in terms of the probability of correctness and reliability to trust the information exchange. In this work we have identified the features that can be helpful in predicting whether a given Tweet is Rumor or Information. Two machine learning algorithm are executed using WEKA tool for the classification that is Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine.

Social Media as Social Customer Relationship Management Tool

2017 ◽  
pp. 108-123
Author(s):  
Wafaa A. Al-Rabayah
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Relationship Management ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Instrumental Case Study

Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is the process of managing a business's interaction with current and future potential customers. This instrumental case study aims to study and explain the role of social media as Electronic Customer Relationship Management tool (ECRM) in health care and tourism context by using Jordan Medical Directory company as a case study, we identified how using social media in communicating and managing customer's requirements as eCRM technique affects institution efficiency, the result proved the significant positive role of social media in managing customers relation starting from acquisition, passing by retention, and finally termination, data collected through personal and phone interviews in a time frame of one month.

scholarly journals Historical criminology and the explanatory power of the past

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
The Past ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
Long Time

To what extent can the past ‘explain’ the present? This deceptively simple question lies at the heart of historical criminology (research which incorporates historical primary sources while addressing present-day debates and practices in the criminal justice field). This article seeks first to categorize the ways in which criminologists have used historical data thus far, arguing that they are most commonly deployed to ‘problematize’ the contemporary rather than to ‘explain’ it. The article then interrogates the reticence of criminologists to attribute explicative power in relation to the present to historical data. Finally, it proposes the adoption of long time-frame historical research methods, outlining three advantages which would accrue from this: the identification and analysis of historical continuities; a more nuanced, shared understanding of micro/macro change over time in relation to criminal justice; and a method for identifying and analysing instances of historical recurrence, particularly in perceptions and discourses around crime and justice.

Bioethics In Neurospinal Patient Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andi Asadul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Hippocratic Oath ◽  
Moral Vision ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Harvey Cushing ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
Realistic Approach ◽  
Cord Injury

Neurosurgery is among the newest of surgical disciplines, appearing in its modern incarnation at the dawn of twentieth century with the work of Harvey Cushing and contemporaries. Neurosurgical ethics involves challenges of manipulating anatomical locus of human identity and concerns of surgeons and patients who find themselves bound together in that venture.In recent years, neurosurgery ethics has taken on greater relevance as changes in society and technology have brought novel questions into sharp focus. Change of expanded armamentarium of techniques for interfacing with the human brain and spine— demand that we use philosophical reasoning to assess merits of technical innovations.Bioethics can be defined as systematic study of moral challenges in medicine, including moral vision, decisions, conduct, and policies related to medicine. Every surgeon should still take the Hippocratic Oath seriously and consider it a basic guide to follow good medical ethics in medical practice. It is simple and embodies three of the four modern bioethics principles – Respecting autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition often affecting young and healthy individuals around the world. Currently, scientists are pressured on many fronts to develop an all-encompassing “cure” for paralysis. While scientific understanding of central nervous system (CNS) regeneration has advanced greatly in the past years, there are still many unknowns with regard to inducing successful regeneration. A more realistic approach is required if we are interested in improving the quality of life of a large proportion of the paralyzed population in a more expedient time frame.

scholarly journals Sun Protection and Sunburn in Children Aged 1–10 Years in Germany: Prevalence and Determinants

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 668
Author(s):  
Tatiana Görig ◽  
Corinna Södel ◽  
Annette B. Pfahlberg ◽  
Olaf Gefeller ◽  
Eckhard W. Breitbart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
A Minor

Seeking shade, the use of textile sun protection and sunscreen, and protecting one’s eyes by wearing sunglasses are recommended sun protection measures in children. We aimed to quantify the use of these measures as well as the prevalence of sunburn in children aged 1 to 10 years in Germany and to identify their determinants. Data collected via telephone interviews in a nationwide sample of 554 parents or caregivers in family were analyzed. Use of sunscreen was the most common measure applied (77.8%), while sunglasses were least frequently used (12.5%). The prevalence of sunburn during the past year was 21.8%, and it was positively associated with children’s age. The use of sun protection measures was significantly associated with the age and skin color of the child, while characteristics and tanning behaviors of the caregivers only played a minor role. The use of sun protection measures was higher when caregivers perceived themselves as a role model (Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.33, p < 0.001). Our nationwide data show that there remains a need for the improved use of sun protection measures, especially in children aged 7 to 10 years. In educational material, parents should be encouraged to become positive role models for their children regarding sun protection.

scholarly journals Quantified Nostalgia: Social Media, Metrics, and Memory

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205630512110088
Author(s):  
Benjamin N. Jacobsen ◽  
David Beer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Focus Group Data ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Memory Practices ◽  
The Relationship

As social media platforms have developed over the past decade, they are no longer simply sites for interactions and networked sociality; they also now facilitate backwards glances to previous times, moments, and events. Users’ past content is turned into definable objects that can be scored, rated, and resurfaced as “memories.” There is, then, a need to understand how metrics have come to shape digital and social media memory practices, and how the relationship between memory, data, and metrics can be further understood. This article seeks to outline some of the relations between social media, metrics, and memory. It examines how metrics shape remembrance of the past within social media. Drawing on qualitative interviews as well as focus group data, the article examines the ways in which metrics are implicated in memory making and memory practices. This article explores the effect of social media “likes” on people’s memory attachments and emotional associations with the past. The article then examines how memory features incentivize users to keep remembering through accumulation. It also examines how numerating engagements leads to a sense of competition in how the digital past is approached and experienced. Finally, the article explores the tensions that arise in quantifying people’s engagements with their memories. This article proposes the notion of quantified nostalgia in order to examine how metrics are variously performative in memory making, and how regimes of ordinary measures can figure in the engagement and reconstruction of the digital past in multiple ways.

scholarly journals Trends in Patient, Physician, and Public Perception of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction Using Social Media Analytics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 232596712199005
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Yu ◽  
James B. Carr ◽  
Jacob Thomas ◽  
Julianna Kostas ◽  
Zhaorui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Ulnar Collateral Ligament ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Social Media Analytics ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Sentiment ◽  
Negative Sentiment

Background: Social media posts regarding ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries and reconstruction surgeries have increased in recent years. Purpose: To analyze posts shared on Instagram and Twitter referencing UCL injuries and reconstruction surgeries to evaluate public perception and any trends in perception over the past 3 years. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A search of a 3-year period (August 2016 and August 2019) of public Instagram and Twitter posts was performed. We searched for >22 hashtags and search terms, including #TommyJohn, #TommyJohnSurgery, and #tornUCL. A categorical classification system was used to assess the sentiment, media format, perspective, timing, accuracy, and general content of each post. Post popularity was measured by number of likes and comments. Results: A total of 3119 Instagram posts and 267 Twitter posts were included in the analysis. Of the 3119 Instagram posts analyzed, 34% were from patients, and 28% were from providers. Of the 267 Twitter posts analyzed, 42% were from patients, and 16% were from providers. Although the majority of social media posts were of a positive sentiment, over the past 3 years, there was a major surge in negative sentiment posts (97% increase) versus positive sentiment posts (9% increase). Patients were more likely to focus their posts on rehabilitation, return to play, and activities of daily living. Providers tended to focus their posts on education, rehabilitation, and injury prevention. Patient posts declined over the past 3 years (–28%), whereas provider posts increased substantially (110%). Of posts shared by health care providers, 4% of posts contained inaccurate or misleading information. Conclusion: The majority of patients who post about their UCL injury and reconstruction on social media have a positive sentiment when discussing their procedure. However, negative sentiment posts have increased significantly over the past 3 years. Patient content revolves around rehabilitation and return to play. Although patient posts have declined over the past 3 years, provider posts have increased substantially with an emphasis on education.

How Political Candidates' Use of Facebook Relates to the Election Outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Chen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Political Campaigns ◽  
Vote Share ◽  
Political Marketing ◽  
Political Candidates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Municipal Election ◽  
Online Fans ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the relationship between political candidates' use of Facebook and their election outcomes (vote share and election success). The use of social media in political marketing campaigns has grown dramatically over the past few years. It is also expected to become even more critical to future political campaigns, as it creates two-way communication and engagement that stimulates and fosters candidates' relationships with their supporters. Online Facebook data were acquired for all 84 candidates running in a municipal election in Taiwan. Results suggest that a candidate's Facebook presence, the type of account they use, the authentication of the account, and the number of online fans they have are related to their election outcomes.

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