scholarly journals Health promotion interventions for the control of hypertension in Africa, a systematic scoping review from 2011 to 2021

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260411
Author(s):  
Jinhee Shin ◽  
Kennedy Diema Konlan ◽  
Eugenia Mensah
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Background A proportion of hypertension patients live in developing countries with low awareness, poor control capabilities, and limited health resources. Prevention and control of hypertension can be achieved by applying both targeted and population-based health promotion interventions. This study synthesised the health promotion interventions for the control of hypertension in Africa. Methods An in-depth search of PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane library, web of science, google scholar yielded 646 titles and 615 after duplicates were removed. Full text (112) was screened, and ten articles were selected. The data analysis method was thematic analysis through the incorporation of convergent synthesis. The major sub-themes that were identified were reduction in the prevalence of hypertension, increase in knowledge, impact and feasibility, role in the reduction of risk factors, and the cost associated with health promotion interventions. Results Health promotion interventions led to a remarkable decrease in the prevalence of hypertension, increased knowledge and awareness in the intervention compared to the control groups. Community-based interventions were noted to have a positive impact on people’s adoption of measures to reduce risk or identify early symptoms of hypertension. There was a significant relationship for the reduction in salt consumption, smoking, alcohol use, and increased physical activity after the administration of an intervention. Interventions using community health workers were cost-effective. Conclusion To sustain health promotion interventions and achieve control of hypertension especially in the long term, interventions must be culturally friendly and incorporate locally available resources in Africa.

scholarly journals Prevalence of eczema among older persons: A population-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Vijayan Neena ◽  
Neelakandhan Asokan ◽  
Rajany Jose ◽  
A. Sarin
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lichen Simplex Chronicus

Background: There are very few population-based studies on the prevalence of eczema among older persons Aims: To estimate the prevalence and types of eczema in those aged 65 years or more in the community and to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based interventions for case finding. Methods: In the first stage of this cross-sectional survey, trained health workers of a non-governmental organization surveyed the eligible population and identified persons likely to have eczema. In the second stage, dermatologists examined such persons to ascertain the diagnosis. Statistical analysis was done using Epi Info software version 7. Prevalence of eczema was expressed in percentages. Chi-square test was used for comparing the difference in prevalence of eczema in various age groups and sex. Results: Health workers identified 98 persons as possible cases of eczema after interviewing 385 older persons in the community. Among them 95 persons were examined by dermatologists and 44 were confirmed to have eczema (diagnostic accuracy of health workers = 46.3%).Point prevalence of eczema was 11.4% (44/385). Prevalence was similar in males and females. It was greater (18.2 %) among persons aged 81 years or more. Asteatotic eczema, gravitational eczema and lichen simplex chronicus were the more common types of eczema. Limitations: Possible underestimation of the prevalence rates due to limited medical knowledge of health workers; limited facilities for examination and investigations at the medical camps and home visits. Conclusion: There appears to be a considerable burden of eczema among older persons in the community. A community-based approach involving non-governmental organizations has the potential to identify cases and offer care close to their homes.

scholarly journals Advancing the Health of Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers in the United States: Identifying Gaps in the Existing Literature, 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110333
Author(s):  
Jamie E. Bloss ◽  
Catherine E. LePrevost ◽  
Abdul G. Zahra ◽  
Gina C. Firnhaber ◽  
Leslie E. Cofie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Populations ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Seasonal Farmworkers ◽  
Mapping Review ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

There are profound health inequities for agricultural workers. We sought to assess the literature on migrant and seasonal farmworker health with an eye toward health promotion interventions, special populations, use of community health workers (CHWs), and technology. We conducted a systematic mapping review by searching five databases in March 2021. Using quantitative content analysis after establishing interrater reliability, we coded titles and abstracts to assess 13 topics and six characteristics of the research such as its focus on health promotion, use of technology, and inclusion of CHWs. We identified 1,083 records. Just 8.2% of records described or evaluated a health promotion effort to intervene in farmworker well-being and even fewer (4.2%) examined unique populations of farmworkers such as indigenous farmworkers ( n = 11) or sexual minority farmworkers ( n = 1). A small body of literature focused on the role of CHWs or promotores most frequently described their role in implementing health interventions. The literature on farmworker health has gaps regarding health promotion interventions, special populations, and integration of CHWs into research projects. We offer suggestions to fill in identified gaps in the literature.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Wellbeing at Schools: Health Promotion in Primary Schools with the Use of Digital Methods

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 345
Author(s):  
Evanthia Sakellari ◽  
Venetia Notara ◽  
Areti Lagiou ◽  
Natalja Fatkulina ◽  
Svetla Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Current Systematic Review ◽  
Digital Methods ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Mental health disorders among primary school children remain a crucial issue. Early health promotion interventions can positively affect and prevent the onset of mental disorders. Promising digital mental health methods have been implemented for adolescents and youths with scarce evidence among younger ages. Therefore, the aim of the current systematic review was to identify health promotion interventions on mental health and wellbeing, with the use of digital methods, delivered in primary school settings. Six digital interventions have been identified, three of which were targeting teachers and the others students. Regardless of the limited number of studies, the effectiveness of the web-based interventions upon teachers’ knowledge and attitudes and the positive impact on children’s behavioral improvements has been documented. The lack of adequate evidence highlights the need for further research in the field. The current review provides information for professionals working in primary schools useful for the design and implementation of effective mental health and wellbeing interventions.

Outcomes of a training video on the shared reading behaviours of caregivers and children

2021 ◽  
pp. 026565902110046
Author(s):  
Tarryn Coetzee ◽  
Sharon Moonsamy ◽  
Joanne Neille
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shared Reading ◽  
Caregiver Training ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Training Video ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Book Sharing

Despite evidence supporting the implementation of book sharing interventions, few studies have examined the value of providing caregiver training in these contexts. This study draws on the quantitative findings of a larger project that employed a non-randomized comparison group crossover repeated measures design as part of a mixed research approach. The goal of the study was to determine the outcome of a caregiver training video on the book sharing behaviours of 40 caregiver–child dyads in an impoverished peri-urban settlement in South Africa. Children in this study were aged 3 to 6 years of age. Caregivers included older siblings, parents, and other relatives. Findings revealed a significant improvement in caregiver shared reading behaviours in both experimental and comparison groups after viewing the caregiver training video, both within and between groups. The significant change in the shared reading behaviours of the caregivers and children, coupled with the positive impact observed in the children and the cost-effective nature of the intervention, suggest that training videos may constitute an effective intervention medium with the potential to promote children’s literacy as a population-based intervention in majority world settings.

scholarly journals Community based programs to improve the oral health of Australian Indigenous adolescents: A systematic review and recommendations to guide future strategies.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Gwynn ◽  
John Skinner ◽  
Yvonne Dimitropoulos ◽  
Angela Masoe ◽  
Boe Rambaldini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Public Health Practice ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Indigenous Adolescents

Abstract Background: To review the international literature on community-based interventions aiming to improve the oral health of Indigenous adolescents and identify which demonstrate a positive impact.Methods: Data sources were MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, the COCHRANE library and the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet. Articles were included where they: were published in English from 1990 onwards; described oral health outcomes for Indigenous adolescents aged 10 to 19 years; implemented a community based oral health intervention. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies from the Effective Public Health Practice Project was applied.Results: Nine studies met inclusion criteria; two rated strong in quality; only one study was conducted with an urban community; five reported moderate community engagement. Five intervention strategies were identified, and schools were the most common setting reported. Statistically significant improvements were described in eight studies with the most frequently reported outcome being change in decayed missing or filled teeth.Conclusions: Few good quality peer reviewed international studies of community-based oral health interventions which address the needs of Indigenous adolescents exist. Studies must include strong Indigenous community leadership and governance at all stages of the research, adopt participatory action-based research approaches, and are required in urban communities.

Cost-Effectiveness of Population-Based Tobacco Control Interventions on the Health Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952199987
Author(s):  
Duyen Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Khue Ngoc Luong ◽  
Hai Thi Phan ◽  
Anh Tuan Tran ◽  
Son The Dao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Cigarette Taxes ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Intervention Impact

This study seeks to assess the cost-effectiveness of population-based tobacco control interventions, which include health promotion and education, smoke-free models, cessation programs, warning on package, marketing bans, and raising tax. Standardized activity-based costing ingredient approach was applied with the provider perspective to calculate interventions cost from 2013 to 2017. The potential health impacts of the aforementioned interventions were calculated through a Microsoft Excel-based modeling adapted from Higashi et al and Ngalesoni et al. All 6 population-based tobacco control interventions were highly cost-effective with ranges from 1405 VND (Vietnamese Dong) to 135 560 VND per DALY (disability-adjusted life year) averted. It was identified that raising cigarette taxes and applying health warnings on tobacco packages are the most favorable, cost-effective interventions. The results from this study provide a robust message that calls for increased attention and efforts in developing an appropriate policy agenda, which jointly integrates both political and community-based interventions, to maximize intervention impact on tobacco use.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and frontline health workers in West Africa: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley K. A. Pereko ◽  
Edward Kwabena Ameyaw ◽  
Shaibu Bukari ◽  
Victoria Acquaye ◽  
Alfred Dickson Dai-Kosi
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
West African ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroductionThe novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has become a severe global health threat since its emergence. Overcoming the virus is partly dependent on the holistic wellbeing of frontline health workers. Implications of COVID-19 on frontline health workers in West Africa could be substantial given the limited resources and logistics. This scoping review maps available literature on the impact of COVID-19 on frontline health workers in West Africa.Materials and methodsLiterature on the impact of COVID-19 on frontline health workers in West Africa were searched in six databases namely Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Africa Journals Online (AJOL) and CINAHL. Further search was done across websites of the ministries of health of West African countries and notable organisations. We conducted a narrative synthesis of the findings taking cognisance of the overarching purpose of the study and the research question.ResultsOf the 67 studies identified, 19 were included in the final synthesis. Three main themes emerged and these are impact of COVID-19 on frontline health workers, drivers of susceptibility to COVID-19 and government/donor support. A greater number of the studies originated from Nigeria. Each study reported at least one impact of COVID-19 on frontline health workers in West Africa. The impacts included death, fear, unwillingness to attend to COVID-19 patients and stigmatisation. Some health workers were not adhering to the safety protocols coupled with periodic shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) and thereby had an increased susceptibility.ConclusionBeing the first scoping review on the impact of COVID-19 on frontline health workers in West Africa, the study has illustrated the urgent need for West African governments to enact laws/rules that would compel all frontline health workers to adhere to all the COVID-19 protocols at the workplace. To end intermittent shortage or issue of inadequate PPEs, governments ought to liaise with local industries by empowering them, providing financial support and creating a conducive atmosphere for them to produce cost effective PPEs using available local resources.Scoping review registrationDOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/B9NXZ (Open Science Framework)

scholarly journals Barriers and Facilitators of Engaging Community Health Workers in Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Prevention and Control in China: A Systematic Review (2006–2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongfei Long ◽  
Wenting Huang ◽  
Pinpin Zheng ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Sha Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Cost Effective Approach ◽  
Dominant Disease ◽  
Implementation Effect

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a dominant disease burden in China. Although China has a prevention-centered NCD strategy, the implementation effect in the community has been subjected to manpower and financial difficulties. Engaging community health workers (CHWs) in community-based interventions may be a cost-effective approach to relieve the resource shortage and improve health. This review aimed to synthesize evidence on types of NCD-related care that was provided by CHWs in China, and to identify relevant barriers and facilitators. Methods: A literature search was conducted in Medline, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases for English-written, peer-reviewed articles published from 1996 to 2016 that reported findings from NCD-related interventions delivered by CHWs in China. Each article was extracted independently by two researchers. Results: Twenty distinct studies met the inclusion criteria. The two most common types of CHW-led NCD-related care were diabetes and hypertension management (n = 7) and mental health care (n = 7). Thirteen studies discussed the barriers and 16 studies reported facilitators. The most common barriers included lack of support (n = 6), lack of resources (n = 4), and heavy reliance on technology (n = 4). The common facilitators included an integrated health system (n = 9), community and patient trust (n = 5), high quality training (n = 5), and CHWs’ capacity (n = 5). Fourteen studies mentioned training content, while only eight described detailed procedures and duration. Conclusions: This review suggests that trained and supervised Chinese CHWs had the capacity to provide grassroots NCDs preventive interventions. In order to increase the generalizability and sustainability of such programs, studies with robust designs are needed to explore the effectiveness of CHW-led programs, and the intervention strategies to improve the practice of CHWs in various settings.

scholarly journals A qualitative study on resident engagement in a community-based health promotion intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Srivarathan ◽  
R Lund ◽  
U Christensen ◽  
M Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Health Promotion Intervention ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Abstract Emerging evidence points towards lower quality of life, more fragile social relations and suboptimal health behaviour and health status of residents living in social housing areas characterized by ethnic diversity and socioeconomic disadvantage. Residents from social housing areas are less likely to engage in health promotion interventions compared to the rest of society. Community-based health promotion interventions developed in collaboration with the target group and adjusted to local context can affect the acceptance of and engagement in such interventions. However, few studies have investigated the potential of community-based interventions in social housing areas. This study explores resident perspectives on engagement in a community-based health promotion intervention focusing on enhancing social relations. Engagement was the key foundation for the designing and implementation of the intervention by the use of graphic facilitation. The intervention consisted of social outings to different sights and historical landmarks in Denmark. The study builds on qualitative methods including participant observations combined with pre- and post-intervention interviews with a selected group of residents (n = 9). Data were thematically analysed with a focus on participation in an everyday life context and by concepts of othering and territorial stigmatization. Engagement in the intervention was motivated by a need for establishing and enhancing social relations, and exploring the world outside the housing area. However, barriers including cultural and language differences among residents and competing contextual factors challenged engagement. We conclude that participatory community-based interventions have a potential to enhance social relations in social housing areas. Nevertheless, it is necessary to understand the motives and barriers to ensure feasible and relevant health promotion interventions and future engagement among residents living in social housing areas.

Systematic promotion of physical activity

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stef P. J. Kremers ◽  
Herman Schaalma ◽  
Ree M. Meertens ◽  
Willem van Mechelen ◽  
Gerjo J. Kok
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Young People ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Promotion Of Physical Activity ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

It is widely acknowledged that physical activity has a positive impact on the physiological and psychological health of young people. This leads us to consider the question how we can promote such a lifestyle. In this chapter, we will present a general approach for the theory- and data-based development of health promotion interventions. We will illustrate this approach with examples concerning the promotion of physical activity amongst young people.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document