Coping Strategies and Problem Gambling

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Farrelly ◽  
Christine Ffrench ◽  
Rowan P. Ogeil ◽  
James G. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Dissociative Tendencies

AbstractIn DSM-IV, problem gambling is associated with symptoms such as escape, denial, and chasing. However, these symptoms could actually be underlying coping strategies that contribute to the problems associated with gambling behaviour. To address relationships between coping strategies and gambling problems, 65 participants (37 males and 28 females) with a mean age of 37 completed the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), and questionnaires addressing coping strategies, mood states, and dissociative experiences. Specific subscales addressing coping strategies relevant to DSM-IV symptoms were examined, namely Distancing, Escape-Avoidance and Confrontative Coping. Although fantasy and denial feature in the behaviours of problem gamblers, dissociative tendencies were only indirectly linked to problem gambling status. Instead, problem gambling status was related to depression and greater tendencies towards Confrontative Coping and Distancing. The present data demonstrates several distinct factors associated with gambling problems and suggests confrontation could have a role in problem gambling.

scholarly journals Estimating the prevalence of adult problem gambling in Italy with SOGS and PGSI

2013 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Barbaranelli ◽  
Michele Vecchione ◽  
Roberta Fida ◽  
Sara Podio-Guidugli
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Highly Correlated

Two assessment measures, the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS), and the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), were administered to 1,979 participants (53% males, mean age 44.81 years). Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed the presence of one single dimension underlying the SOGS and PGSI items. The 2 scales showed high levels of reliability. SOGS and PGSI results were highly correlated and showed positive and significant correlations with measures of gambling behaviour. Probable pathological gamblers identified by SOGS represented 2.05% (95% confidence interval 'CI' '1.17, 2.93') of the adult Italian population, and problem gamblers identified by PGSI represented 2.17% (95% CI '1.26, 3.07') of the population. A more conservative estimate of the prevalence of problem gambling in Italy, corresponding to 1.01% (95% CI '0.39, 1.63') of the adult population, was identified by considering only those participants for whom SOGS and PGSI were in perfect agreement concerning risk categories.

Prevalence estimates of gambling and problem gambling among 13- to 15-year-old adolescents in Reykjavík: An examination of correlates of problem gambling and different accessibility to electronic gambling machines in Iceland

2006 ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daníel Thor Ólason ◽  
Guđmundur A. Skarphedinsson ◽  
Johanna Ella Jonsdottir ◽  
Mikael Mikaelsson ◽  
Sigurdur J. Gretarsson
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
American Psychological Association ◽  
Adolescent Gambling ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Electronic Gambling ◽  
Dsm Iv

This paper reports the main findings from a prevalence study of adolescent gambling and problem gambling among Icelandic adolescents. The final sample consisted of 3,511 pupils aged 13 to 15 in 25 primary schools in Reykjavík. The results indicated that 93% of adolescents had gambled some time in their life and 70% at least once in the preceding year. Problem gambling prevalence rates were evaluated with two gambling screens, American Psychological Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition, Multiple-Response-Junior (DSM-IV-MR-J) and the South Oaks Gambling Screen Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA). The DSM-IV-MR-J identified 1.9% as problem gamblers, while SOGS-RA identified 2.8% as problem gamblers. The results also showed that problem gamblers reported more difficulties in school and used alcohol and other drugs more frequently than adolescents who gambled socially or not at all. Finally, evaluation of electronic gambling machine (EGM) accessibility revealed that gambling on low-stakes EGMs in public places was more common than on EGMs in arcades or bars and restaurants. The potential implications of these findings are discussed.

An overview of prevalence surveys of problem and pathological gambling in the Nordic countries

2006 ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Made In

Estimates of the prevalence of gambling problems among adults by sampling from whole population registries have been made in Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The studies in Norway and Sweden are fairly similar, showing a higher prevalence in Sweden according to the South Oaks Gambling Screen Revised (SOGS-R), and similar prevalence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) screens. The difference is unexpected because Norway has relatively more gambling machines and Norwegian citizens spend more money on gambling. However, the low response rates in Norway may explain the result. Preliminary results from Iceland (2005) with a DSM-IV screen do not differ from those from Norway and Sweden concerning prevalences of pathological gambling, but differ from Norway concerning problem gamblers. However, different DSM-IV screens were used in the three countries, and response rates differed. With these reservations, the past-year prevalence of pathological gambling in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden is about 0.3%, as estimated from DSM-IV screens. Studies of gambling problems among young people have only been performed in Norway.

The interactive effects of avoidance coping and dysphoric mood on problem gambling for female and male gamblers

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Thomas ◽  
Susan Moore
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Avoidance Coping ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Dysphoric Mood

A study involving 83 female and 72 male gamblers tested the direct and interactional effects of avoidance coping and five dysphoric moods on problem gambling via regression analysis. Important differences were found between female and male gamblers. For female gamblers, loneliness, boredom, anxiety, depression and avoidance coping were all positively related to problem gambling. Additionally, interactions between these mood states and avoidance coping significantly predicted problem gambling; female gamblers with high dysphoria and high avoidance coping showed substantially more symptoms of problem gambling than those scoring high on only one variable. In contrast, loneliness and stress were the only significant predictors of problem gambling for males - neither avoidance coping nor any of the interactional relationships between mood and coping predicted problem gambling. These results support previous qualitative studies and suggest that female problem gamblers gamble as an escape from dysphoric moods. Even though male problem gamblers expressed more negative affect than male non-problem gamblers, there was no evidence to suggest that negative mood was a precursor rather than an outcome of gambling behaviour.

Chasing the criteria: Comparing SOGS-RA and the Lie/Bet screen to assess prevalence of problem gambling and 'at-risk' gambling among adolescents

2006 ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Rossow ◽  
Helge Molde
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Control Dimension ◽  
School Survey ◽  
Risk Gambling ◽  
Gender Specific ◽  
Gambling Frequency

Most instruments assessing gambling problems are relatively extensive and therefore not suitable for comprehensive youth surveys. An exception is the two-item Lie/Bet questionnaire. This study addresses to what extent two instruments (Lie/Bet and South Oaks Gambling Screen Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA)) (1) overlap in classifying problem gambling and at-risk gambling, (2) reflect different underlying dimensions of problem gambling, and (3) differ in distinguishing between young gamblers with respect to intensity and frequency of gambling in gender-specific analyses. Data stemmed from a school survey among teenagers in Norway (net sample = 20,700). The congruence in classification of problem gamblers was moderate. Both instruments discriminated sensibly between youths with high versus medium and low gambling frequency and gambling expenditures, although more so for boys than for girls. Both Lie/Bet items loaded on one 'loss of control' dimension. The results suggest that the Lie/Bet screen may be useful to assess at-risk gambling for both genders in comprehensive youth surveys.

scholarly journals Gambling in Prisons – A Nationwide Polish Study of Sentenced Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta
Keyword(s):  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Troubles Mentaux ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Polish Study

Despite the abandonment of the criterion of committing illegal acts in the diagnosis of pathological gambling in fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), research confirms the significant link between crime, gambling, and gambling addiction. In Poland, this connection is observed by psychologists working in the prison service, who simultaneously report the need for more structured interactions that would solve gambling problems among prisoners. The lack of any data on the involvement of persons committing crimes in gambling in Poland formed the basis for the implementation of a survey of gambling behaviour and gambling problems among male offenders in Polish correctional institutions. A total of 1,219 sentenced men took part in the study. The research tool included 75 questions, including queries from the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS). Based on SOGS, the prevalence rate of severe problem gambling was 29.4% over the lifetimes of the prisoners. As many as 13.1% of respondents admitted to having gambled in prison. This activity usually involved cards, bets or dice. More than 74% of incarcerated men who gambled in prison met the criteria for pathological gambling. Prisoners who gambled more in prison than at liberty made up 27.7%. As many as 69.3% of respondents declared that while in prison, they had met fellow convicts experiencing problems because of gambling. The study shows that criminals continue gambling after detention, especially those who are problem gamblers, an overall finding which implies the need to implement preventive and therapeutic interventions in correctional institutions.RésuméMalgré l’abandon du critère d’actes illégaux dans le diagnostic du jeu pathologique, dans la cinquième édition du Manuel diagnostique et statistique des troubles mentaux (DSM-V), la recherche confirme le lien important entre criminalité, jeu et dépendance. En Pologne, ce lien est observé par des psychologues travaillant dans le service pénitentiaire, signalant en même temps le besoin d’interactions plus structurées qui résoudraient les problèmes de jeu chez les détenus. L’absence de données sur la participation de personnes commettant des délits aux jeux d’argent en Pologne a servi de base à la mise en œuvre d’une enquête sur les comportements et les problèmes de jeu chez les délinquants de sexe masculin dans les établissements correctionnels polonais. Au total, 1 219 prisonniers ont participé à l’étude. L’outil de recherche comprenait 75 questions, dont des questions tirées du South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS). Selon le SOGS, le taux de prévalence du jeu problématique sévère était de 29,4 % au cours de la vie des détenus. Jusqu’à 13,1 % des répondants ont reconnu avoir joué en prison. Les jeux comprenaient généralement des cartes, des paris ou des dés. Plus de 74 % des hommes incarcérés qui ont joué en prison répondaient aux critères de jeu pathologique. Les détenus qui jouaient plus en prison qu’en liberté représentaient 27,7 %. Jusqu’à 69,3 % des répondants ont déclaré qu’en prison, ils ont rencontré des personnes éprouvant des problèmes de jeu. L’étude montre que les criminels continuent de jouer après la détention, en particulier ceux qui sont des joueurs compulsifs, ce qui laisse entrevoir la nécessité de mettre en œuvre des interventions préventives et thérapeutiques dans les établissements correctionnels.

scholarly journals Risky business: Gambling problems amongst gaming venue employees in Queensland, Australia

2011 ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerilee Hing ◽  
Sally Gainsbury
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Responsible Gambling ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Population Problem ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Gambling Participation ◽  
Type Of Gambling ◽  
Venue Staff ◽  
Risky Business

This study examines gambling and problem gambling among gaming venue staff and provides a quantitative analysis that is directly comparable to the general population. A sample of 511 staff from casinos, hotels, and clubs in Queensland, Australia completed a questionnaire. Results indicate that employees exceed the average for gambling participation, regular gambling, and usual gambling duration for every type of gambling for which comparisons could be made. Problem gambling rates amongst staff were 9.6 times higher than for the Queensland population. Problem and moderate-risk gamblers were typically males who worked around gambling facilities and assisted patrons with gambling. A substantial proportion of problem and moderate-risk gamblers report increasing their gambling since commencing work. These results are of interest, given the importance of understanding how exposure interacts with gambling behaviour, of debates about the nature of this interaction, and of industry-based responsible gambling policies that particularly focus on gaming venue employees.

scholarly journals Trust in Internet gambling and its association with problem gambling in university students

2013 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nicholas M. Harris ◽  
Dwight Mazmanian ◽  
John Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
University Student ◽  
Internet Gambling ◽  
The Internet ◽  
South Oaks Gambling Screen ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Problematic Gambling ◽  
Gambling Activities

The Internet has become a major means of accessing a variety of gambling activities. As a result, there is concern that the Internet may provide more opportunities for consumers to engage in problematic gambling behaviours. The current study examined factors related to Internet gambling and problem gambling in a university student sample (N = 325). Measures included the South Oaks Gambling Screen, the DSM-IV-TR-Based Questionnaire, the Canadian Problem Gambling Index, and a questionnaire examining Internet gambling behaviours and trust. Internet gamblers (n = 53) reported significantly higher levels of trust in Internet gambling sites than non-Internet gamblers (n = 182) and non-gamblers (n = 90). Among Internet gamblers, significant predictors of problem gambling included level of trust in Internet gambling sites, negative effects of this activity on academic achievement and class attendance, and alcohol consumption while gambling on the Internet. Implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Problem gambling and support preferences among Finnish prisoners: a pilot study in an adult correctional population

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalle Lind ◽  
Anne H. Salonen ◽  
Johanna Järvinen-Tassopoulos ◽  
Hannu Alho ◽  
Sari Castrén
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Potential Problem ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Property Crime ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Previous Sentence

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the prevalence of potential problem gambling among Finnish prisoners; the associations between problem gambling and demographics, substance use and crime-related factors; and problem gamblers’ support preferences. Design/methodology/approach Prisoners (n=96) from two Finnish prisons were recruited between December 2017 and January 2018. The estimated response rate was 31 percent. Gambling problems were measured using the Brief Biosocial Gambling Screen. The participants were asked to report their gambling both for one year prior to their incarceration and for the past year. The independent variables were demographics (age, gender and marital status), substance use (alcohol, smoking and narcotics) and crime-related factors (crime type, prison type and previous sentence). Statistical significance (p) was determined using Fischer’s exact test. Findings Past-year pre-conviction problem gambling prevalence was 16.3 percent and past-year prevalence 15 percent. Age, gender, smoking, alcohol or illicit drug use were not associated with past-year problem gambling before sentencing. One-third of the prisoners (33.3 percent) who were sentenced for a property crime, financial crime or robbery were problem gamblers. One-quarter (24 percent) of all participants showed an interest in receiving support by identifying one or more support preferences. The most preferred type of support was group support in its all forms. Research limitations/implications It is recommended that correctional institutions undertake systematic screening for potential problem gambling, and implement tailored intervention programs for inmates with gambling problems. Originality/value This study provides a deeper understanding of problem gambling in prisons. Problem gambling is associated with crime and also seems to be linked with serving a previous sentence. Early detection and tailored interventions for problem gambling may help to reduce reoffending rates.

The Influence of Demographic, Behavioural and Treatment Characteristics on Problem Gambling Counselling Outcomes

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beth R. Crisp ◽  
Shane A. Thomas ◽  
Alun C. Jackson ◽  
Neil Thomason
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Gambling Behaviour ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Client Characteristics ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Problem Resolution ◽  
Counselling Services ◽  
Problematic Gambling

The paper considers the influence of client characteristics and gambling behaviour as well as treatment modality on the resolution of gambling behaviour for 591 clients who sought help from the publicly-funded BreakEven counselling services in the state of Victoria between 1 July 1996 and 30 June 1997. Statistical data about clients and their consultations was collected in the form of a Minimum Data Set. On their own, client demographics accounting for 12% of the variance were identified as discriminating between problem gamblers who achieved some resolution of their gambling behaviour and those whose behaviour did not change. Variables associated with gambling behaviour accounted for 10% of variance and treatment variables for 12% of variance in treatment outcomes. Collectively, the three types of data could explain 26% of the variance in problem resolution. Importantly, these findings demonstrate that the resolution of problematic gambling behaviour is affected by a complex interplay of client characteristics, their gambling behaviour and the treatment they receive. It is argued that the evaluation of treatment programs for problem gambling, and potentially all counselling programs in the primary health arena, needs to include measures from each of these domains.

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