Analysis of Protein Expression in Brain Tissue by ELISA

2003 ◽  
pp. 283-296
Author(s):  
Steffany A. L. Bennett ◽  
David C. S. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Brain Tissue

scholarly journals Enrichment of Aldolase C Correlates with Low Non-Mutated IDH1 Expression and Predicts a Favorable Prognosis in Glioblastomas

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang ◽  
Tsai ◽  
Huang ◽  
Chen ◽  
Hsiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Normal Brain Tissue ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Glioblastoma Patient ◽  
Favorable Prognosis ◽  
Aldolase C

The aldolases family is one of the main enzymes involved in the process of glycolysis. Aldolase C (ALDOC), which belongs to the aldolase family, is found in normal brain tissue and is responsible for the repair of injured tissue. However, the role of ALDOC in glioblastoma remains unclear. In this study, we data-mined in silico databases to evaluate aldolase family members’ mRNA expression in glioblastoma patient cohorts for determining its prognostic values. After that, we also performed immunohistochemical stain (IHC) analysis to evaluate protein expression levels of ALDOC in glioblastoma tissues. From The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analyses, higher mRNA expression levels in normal brain tissue compared to glioblastoma was observed. In addition, compared to low-grade glioma, ALDOC expression was significantly downregulated in high-grade glioblastoma. Besides, the expression level of ALDOC was associated with molecular subtypes of glioblastomas and recurrent status in several data sets. In contrast, aldolase A (ALDOA) and aldolase B (ALDOB) revealed no significant prognostic impacts in the glioblastoma cohorts. Furthermore, we also proved that ALDOC mRNA and protein expression inversely correlated with non-mutated IDH1 expressions in glioblastoma patient cohorts. Additionally, the concordance of low ALDOC and high non-mutated IDH1 expressions predicted a stronger poor prognosis in glioblastoma patients compared to each of above tests presented alone. The plausible ALDOC and IDH1 regulatory mechanism was further elucidated. Our results support high ALDOC expression in glioblastomas that might imply the mutated status of IDH1, less possibility of mesenchymal subtype, and predict a favorable prognosis.

scholarly journals Saposhnikoviae Radix Enhanced the Angiogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Huangqi Chifeng Tang in a Rat Model of Cerebral Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qiu-Yue Wang ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Shu-Yu Liu ◽  
Xi-Hong Jiang ◽  
Shu-Min Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Cerebral Tissue ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Saposhnikoviae Radix

Huangqi Chifeng Tang (HQCFT), a traditional Chinese formula of three herbs, has been used to treat cerebral infarction (CI). Saposhnikoviae Radix (SR) was designed as a guiding drug for HQCFT to improve its angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, TTC staining was used to detect the area of CI. H&E staining was used to detect the histopathologic changes in the cerebral tissue. Western blotting was performed to detect the protein expression of NLRP3, caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-9, VEGF, and VEGFR2 in cerebral tissue. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of MMP-9, VEGF, and VEGFR2. The contents of HIF-1α, NLRP3, caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the serum were determined by ELISA. Our study showed that HQCFT and HQCFT-SR could improve the pathological condition and reduce the infarcted area of the brain tissue in a rat model. In addition, HQCFT and HQCFT-SR significantly decreased the expression levels and serum contents of NLRP3, caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α; increased the expression levels of the VEGF and VEGFR2 proteins; and obviously reduced the serum content of HIF-1α. Importantly, the cytokines in brain tissue and serum from the HQCFT group exhibited better efficacy than those from the HQCFT-SR group. HQCFT exerted significant angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO); these effects can be attributed to the guiding and enhancing effect of SR.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Potential of Allium sativum against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity: Impact on Short-Term Memory, Gliosis, and Oxidative Stress

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzan M. Hazzaa ◽  
Seham Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaziz ◽  
Mabrouk A. Abd Eldaim ◽  
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim ◽  
Ghada E. Elgarawany
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
The Third

This study evaluated the neuroprotective potential of Allium sativum against monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced neurotoxicity with respect to its impact on short-term memory in rats. Forty male Wistar albino rats were assigned into four groups. The control group received distilled water. The second group was administered Allium sativum powder (200 mg/kg of body weight) orally for 7 successive days, then was left without treatment until the 30th day. The third group was injected intraperitoneally with MSG (4 g/kg of body weight) for 7 successive days, then left without treatment until the 30th day. The fourth group was injected with MSG in the same manner as the third group and was treated with Allium sativum powder in the same manner as the second group, simultaneously. Phytochemical analysis of Allium sativum powder identified the presence of diallyl disulphide, carvone, diallyl trisulfide, and allyl tetrasulfide. MSG-induced excitotoxicity and cognitive deficit were represented by decreased distance moved and taking a long time to start moving from the center in the open field, as well as lack of curiosity in investigating the novel object and novel arm. Moreover, MSG altered hippocampus structure and increased MDA concentration and protein expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), calretinin, and caspase-3, whereas it decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and protein expression of Ki-67 in brain tissue. However, Allium sativum powder prevented MSG-induced neurotoxicity and improved short-term memory through enhancing antioxidant activity and reducing lipid peroxidation. In addition, it decreased protein expression of GFAP, calretinin, and caspase-3 and increased protein expression of Ki-67 in brain tissues and retained brain tissue architecture. This study indicated that Allium sativum powder ameliorated MSG-induced neurotoxicity through preventing oxidative stress-induced gliosis and apoptosis of brain tissue in rats.

scholarly journals Shugosin 2 is a biomarker for pathological grading and survival prediction in patients with gliomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Kao ◽  
Wen-Chiuan Tsai ◽  
Ssu-Han Chen ◽  
Shao-Yuan Hsu ◽  
Li-Chun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Survival Prediction ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Normal Brain Tissue ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Genome Atlas

AbstractGlioblastomas are the most common type of adult primary brain neoplasms. Clinically, it is helpful to identify biomarkers to predict the survival of patients with gliomas due to its poor outcome. Shugoshin 2 (SGO2) is critical in cell division and cell cycle progression in eukaryotes. However, the association of SGO2 with pathological grading and survival in patients with gliomas remains unclear. We analyzed the association between SGO2 expression and clinical outcomes from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset profiles, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). SGO2 mRNA and protein expression in normal brain tissue and glioma cell lines were investigated via quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, and IHC staining. The roles of SGO2 in proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of GBM cells were studied with wound-healing assay, BrdU assay, cell cycle analysis, and JC-1 assay. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) was analyzed via Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING). SGO2 mRNA expression predicted higher grade gliomas than non-tumor brain tissues. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that patients with high-grade gliomas with a higher SGO2 expression had worse survival outcomes. SGO2 mRNA and protein expression were upper regulated in gliomas than in normal brain tissue. Inhibition of SGO2 suppressed cell proliferation and migration. Also, PPI result showed SGO2 to be a potential hub protein, which was related to the expression of AURKB and FOXM1. SGO2 expression positively correlates with WHO pathological grading and patient survival, suggesting that SGO2 is a biomarker that is predictive of disease progression in patients with gliomas.

Effects of Rattin on Cognitive Ability and Expressions of B-Cell Lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)/BCL2 Associated X (Bax) and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) in Hippocampus of Rats with Vascular Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Lifei Xing ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Hongliang Yan ◽  
Meiping Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

Vascular dementia (VD) is a cerebral dysfunction. Brain neuropeptide analogue Rattin is firstly found in rat brain tissue and plays a treatment effect in Alzheimer’s disease. However, its function and related mechanism in VD rat still needs elucidation. Rats were randomly separated into sham group, VD model group and Rattin treatment group followed by analysis of learning ability by Morris water maze, Rattin level by real time PCR and Western blot, Bcl-2 and Bax levels by Western blot, BDNF expression by immunofluorescence. Rattin mRNA and protein expression was reduced, Bcl-2 was downregulated, Bax was upregulated, and BDNF expression was attenuated in the brain tissue of VD model group compared to sham group (P < 0005). Rattin significantly increased Rattin mRNA and protein expression, improved learning ability, upregulated Bcl-2 level, suppressed Bax expres- sion, and enhanced BDNF level in VD rats (P < 0005). Rattin ameliorates VD through regulating cell apoptosis, promoting BDNF expression, and improving learning ability.

Association of ABCB1 genetic variants 3435C>T and 2677G>T to ABCB1 mRNA and protein expression in brain tissue from refractory epilepsy patients

Epilepsia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1555-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Mosyagin ◽  
Uwe Runge ◽  
Henry W. Schroeder ◽  
Eike Dazert ◽  
Silke Vogelgesang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

scholarly journals Effects of Resveratrol on the Mechanisms of Antioxidants and Estrogen in Alzheimer’s Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danli Kong ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Xiao-Yi He ◽  
Huihuang Yang ◽  
BiYu Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
The Brain

Objective. To observe the effects of resveratrol (Res) on the antioxidative function and estrogen level in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model. Methods. First, we examined the effects of Res on an AD mice model. SAMP8 mice were selected as the model, and normal-aging SAMR1 mice were used as the control group. The model mice were randomly divided into three groups: a model group, high-dose Res group (40mg/kg, intraperitoneal (ip)), and low-dose Res group (20mg/kg, ip). After receiving medication for 15 days, the mice were subjected to the water maze test to assess their spatial discrimination. The spectrophotometric method was used to detect the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) as well as the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Quantitative PCR (q-PCR) was used to detect SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA level changes. Western blot analysis detected HO-1 and Nrf2 protein expression. Second, we researched the effect of Res on the estrogen level in the SAMP8 model mice. The model mice were randomly divided into four groups: a model group, estrogen replacement group (0.28 mg/kg, intramuscular (im), estradiol benzoate), high-dose Res group (5 mg/kg, im), and low-dose Res group (2.5 mg/kg, im). The mice were injected, once every three days, for 5 weeks. Q-PCR was used to detect brain tissue mRNA expression changes. Western blot analysis detected ERα, ERβ, and ChAT protein expression. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to detect the expression of E2 and amyloid β protein (Aβ) in brain tissue. Results. Compared with the control treatment, Res could improve the spatial abilities of the mice to a certain extent and also increase the expression of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT, and HO-1 at the mRNA level (P<0.05). In addition, enhanced SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT activities and HO-1 protein levels and decreased MDA content (P<0.05) were detected in the brain tissue of the Res-treated mice. The cytoplasmic Nrf2 content in the Res-treated mice was also decreased while the nuclear Nrf2 content and the nuclear translation rate of Nrf2 were increased (P<0.05). Res could decrease the expression of ERβ in the brain tissue at the mRNA and protein levels and the expression of Aβ in the brain tissue at the protein level. Res could also increase the mRNA and protein expression of ERα and ChAT and the protein expression of estradiol in the brain tissue. Conclusion. Res can increase the antioxidant capacity of AD models through the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. In addition, Res can enhance estrogen levels in an AD model. These findings provide a new idea for the treatment of AD.

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