Filogeni Timun Laut (Holothuroidea: Stichopodidae) Berdasarkan Karakteristik Morfologis

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ismiliana Wirawati ◽  
Pradina Purwati
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Parsimony Method ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Method ◽  
Phylogeny Analysis ◽  
The Status ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
High Level

<strong>Phylogeny of Sea Cucumbers (Holothuroidea: Stichopodidae) Based on Morphological Characteristics.</strong> Identifiers in the class of sea cucumber (Holothuroidea, Echinodermata) constitute the external morphology, internal organs, and spicules. These characteristics may indicate a high level of similarity for particular families, including family Stichopodidae. This family is one of the Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) that represents the majority of commercial species found widespread in the tropical shallow waters. Until now, the evolution of sea cucumber based on morphological characteristics used to determine the status of the characteristics applicable to the phylogeny analysis is still under debate. In fact, research on the phylogeny of Stichopodidae, has not been done yet. This paper reports the phylogeny study of Stichopodidae species in Indonesia to determine the closeness among its species. Specimens used in this study were the collection of Research Center for Oceanography LIPI consisting of nine species of Stichopodidae (as ingroup) and two species of Holothuriidae (as outgroup). The construction of phylogeny tree was done by applying the maximum parsimony method and PAUP 4.0b program using 78 morphological characteristics. It resulted in two phylogeny trees separating consistently the genus Stichopus from the genus Thelenota (bootstrap 99% and 100%) with the stable position in each genus. Both these genera of Stichopodidae have the same number of synapomorphs. Stichopus has ten homoplastic characteristics among its species, while Thelenota does not have any. Six of the nine species of Stichopodidae show autapomorph characteristics which are proper to species level<br />

Hybridization between the estuarine fishes yellowfin bream, Acanthopagrus australis (Gunther), and black bream, A. butcheri (Munro) (Pisces : Sparidae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Electrophoretic Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
Backcross Hybrids ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Level

The status of bream, from estuaries near Narooma on the south coast of New South Wales, which display morphological characteristics intermediate to those distinguishing the species A. australis and A. butcheri was investigated. The two species were separated electrophoretically at a malate dehydrogenase locus (Mdh-1) where they are fixed for alternative alleles, and by a significant difference in allele frequency at the lactate dehydrogenase locus Ldh-A. Because four individual bream, which displayed intermediate morphometric characteristics, have inherited both species-specific Mdh-1 alleles and are heterozygous at the Ldh-A locus, their status as hybrids is determined. The presence of three bream with allelic characteristics of A. australis at the Mdh-1 locus but allelic characteristics of A. butcheri at the Ldh-A locus is evidence for the presence of later generation or backcross hybrids. No evidence of introgression was found. The reproduction of A. australis and A. butcheri is temporally and spatially isolated under normal circumstances but in some landlocked, coastal lakes there is a breakdown of these isolating mechanisms. Because A. australis and A. butcheri differ morphometrically and ecologically over their sampled ranges, and only appear to hybridize in the unusual environmental conditions of closed lakes, it is suggested that their specific status be retained. Using electrophoretic data, a high level of genic similarity (I = 0.91) was found to exist between the two species. This, together with the close relationship indicated by the production of fertile F1 hybrids, suggests a recent speciation.

scholarly journals Molecular record for the first authentication of Isaria cicadae from Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 711-718
Author(s):  
Thuan Duc Lao ◽  
Hanh Van Trinh ◽  
Loi Vuong ◽  
Luyen Tien Vu ◽  
Thuy Ai Huyen Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Parsimony Method ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Method ◽  
Cordyceps Cicadae ◽  
High Bootstrap

Abstract The entomopathogenic fungus T011, parasitizing on nymph of Cicada, collected in the coffee garden in Dak Lak Province, Vietnam, was preliminarily morphologically identified as Isaria cicadae, belonged to order Hypocreales and family Clavicipitaceae. To ensure the authenticity of T011, phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated set of multiple genes including ITS, nrLSU, nrSSU, Rpb1, and Tef1 was applied to support the identification. Genomic DNA was isolated from dried sample T011. The PCR assay sequencing was applied to amplify ITS, nrLSU, nrSSU, Rpb1, and Tef1 gene. For phylogenetic analysis, the concatenated data of both target gens were constructed with MEGAX with a 1,000 replicate bootstrap based on the neighbor-joining, maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony method. As the result, the concatenated data containing 62 sequences belonged to order Hypocreales, families Clavicipitaceae, and 2 outgroup sequences belonged to order Hypocreales, genus Verticillium. The phylogenetic analysis results indicated that T011 was accepted at subclade Cordyceps and significantly formed the monophyletic group with referent Cordyceps cicadae (Telemorph of Isaria cicadae) with high bootstrap value. The phylogenetically analyzed result was strongly supported by our morphological analysis described as the Isaria cicadae. In summary, phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated dataset were successfully applied to strengthen the identification of T011 as Isaria cicadae.

Deep AI Enabled Ubiquitous Wireless Sensing

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Chenning Li ◽  
Zhichao Cao ◽  
Yunhao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Great Success ◽  
Wireless Sensing ◽  
Ubiquitous Sensing ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sensing Model ◽  
High Level ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
High Level Feature

With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), many kinds of wireless signals (e.g., Wi-Fi, LoRa, RFID) are filling our living and working spaces nowadays. Beyond communication, wireless signals can sense the status of surrounding objects, known as wireless sensing , with their reflection, scattering, and refraction while propagating in space. In the last decade, many sophisticated wireless sensing techniques and systems were widely studied for various applications (e.g., gesture recognition, localization, and object imaging). Recently, deep Artificial Intelligence (AI), also known as Deep Learning (DL), has shown great success in computer vision. And some works have initially proved that deep AI can benefit wireless sensing as well, leading to a brand-new step toward ubiquitous sensing. In this survey, we focus on the evolution of wireless sensing enhanced by deep AI techniques. We first present a general workflow of Wireless Sensing Systems (WSSs) which consists of signal pre-processing, high-level feature, and sensing model formulation. For each module, existing deep AI-based techniques are summarized, further compared with traditional approaches. Then, we provide a view of issues and challenges induced by combining deep AI and wireless sensing together. Finally, we discuss the future trends of deep AI to enable ubiquitous wireless sensing.

Conspicuous consumption of luxury experiences: an experimental investigation of status perceptions on social media

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Siepmann ◽  
Lisa Carola Holthoff ◽  
Pascal Kowalczuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Luxury Goods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

Purpose As luxury goods are losing their importance for demonstrating status, wealth or power to others, individuals are searching for alternative status symbols. Recently, individuals have increasingly used conspicuous consumption and displays of experiences on social media to obtain affirmation. This study aims to analyze the effects of luxury and nonluxury experiences, as well as traditional luxury goods on status- and nonstatus-related dimensions. Design/methodology/approach After presenting the theoretical foundation, the authors conduct a study with 599 participants to compare status perceptions elicited by the conspicuous consumption of luxury goods, luxury experiences and nonluxury experiences. The authors investigate whether experiences that are visibly consumed on Instagram are replacing traditional luxury goods as the most important status symbols. Furthermore, the authors examine the effects of the content shown on nonstatus-related dimensions and analyze whether status perceptions differ between female and male social media communicators. Finally, the authors analyze how personal characteristics (self-esteem, self-actualization and materialism) influence the status perceptions of others on social media. Findings The results show that luxury goods are still the most important means of displaying status. However, especially for women, luxury experiences are also associated with a high level of social status. Thus, the results imply important gender differences in the perceptions of status- and nonstatus-related dimensions. Furthermore, the findings indicate that, in particular, the individual characteristics of self-actualization and materialism affect status perceptions depending on the posted content. Originality/value While the research has already considered some alternative forms of conspicuous consumption, little attention has been given to experiences as status symbols. However, with their growing importance as substitutes for luxury goods and the rise of social media, the desire to conspicuously consume experiences is increasing. The authors address this gap in the literature by focusing on the conspicuous display of luxury and nonluxury experiences on social media.

MANAGERS CAN ALSO RESIST CHANGES — CAN WE DEAL WITH THIS? AN EXPLORATORY STUDY FROM JAPAN

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 447-493
Author(s):  
BALÁZS VASZKUN
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Values ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Japanese Firms ◽  
Work Routines ◽  
The Status ◽  
Major Reform ◽  
Mass Recruitment ◽  
Dominant Coalition ◽  
High Level ◽  
Shed Light

Japan is going through a transformation, yet it is difficult to judge which model should be chosen as a direction to go in with corporate reforms. Badly needed initiatives seeking to replace outdated managerial habits by new best practices in Japanese firms are being jeopardized by organizational members whose goal is to maintain the status quo — in terms of both political power and everyday work routines. Yet managerial habits and behaviours need to change if Japanese firms are to be entrepreneurial and innovative. According to institutionalism, blocking new initiatives is normal, and societal support is needed for major reform attempts. The focus of this paper is to shed light on how society in Japan is divided when it comes to large firms altering practices with which they have been traditionally managed. Our proposition is that complex, multi-element reform packages — having a potentially opposing dominant coalition, which is the case of Japan — ought to be implemented following a well-defined, prioritized listing of elements. After examining an attitude survey carried out in Japan, our findings revealed two clusters with a particularly high level of support for traditional management. Moreover, out of the two, one appeared to be extremely passive and resistant to any sort of change. In order to fight general resistance and reform outdated practices, our survey shows that Japan could move further towards a system compensating performance rather than seniority and giving more chance to women, discarding mass-recruitment, slow promotion whilst also maintaining the most deeply-rooted traditional values such as job security, paternalism or harmony in corporate life.

scholarly journals Morphological evaluation of common bean diversity in Bosnia and Herzegovina using the discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) multivariate method

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin Grahic ◽  
Fuad Gasi ◽  
Mirsad Kurtovic ◽  
Lutvija Karic ◽  
Mirha Djikic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Discriminant Functions ◽  
Factor Loadings ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
High Level

In order to analyze morphological characteristics of locally cultivated common bean landraces from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), thirteen quantitative and qualitative traits of 40 P. vulgaris accessions, collected from four geographical regions (Northwest B&H, Northeast B&H, Central B&H and Sarajevo) and maintained at the Gene bank of the Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences in Sarajevo, were examined. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the proportion of variance retained in the first two principal components was 54.35%. The first principal component had high contributing factor loadings from seed width, seed height and seed weight, whilst the second principal component had high contributing factor loadings from the analyzed traits seed per pod and pod length. PCA plot, based on the first two principal components, displayed a high level of variability among the analyzed material. The discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) created 3 discriminant functions (DF), whereby the first two discriminant functions accounted for 90.4% of the variance retained. Based on the retained DFs, DAPC provided group membership probabilities which showed that 70% of the accessions examined were correctly classified between the geographically defined groups. Based on the taxonomic distance, 40 common bean accessions analyzed in this study formed two major clusters, whereas two accessions Acc304 and Acc307 didn?t group in any of those. Acc360 and Acc362, as well as Acc324 and Acc371 displayed a high level of similarity and are probably the same landrace. The present diversity of Bosnia and Herzegovina?s common been landraces could be useful in future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Linguistic culture and politics in France

enadakultura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Revishvili
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
French Language ◽  
National Politics ◽  
The Public ◽  
French Academy ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Status ◽  
Classical Language ◽  
High Level ◽  
Public Instruction

The rise of the French national politics was taking place simultaneously with the rise of the French power and territories in Europe. The first evidence of the emergence of the French language distinguished from Latin is the text of the ‘’French’’ version of the 842-nd Strasbourg Oath. France is an example of how ideas and myths about a language become ideologies and how it forms a part of a language policy, along with language planning and language practices.The French language was being established over a long period of time. From the 17th century onwards, increasing attention was paid to this issue. It is especially interesting to establish a high level of French spelling, the expression of good spelling in the French language has become an object of social values. On October 19 and 20, 1794, the Public Instruction Committee introduced a new project to teach French to all. French became the language of writing before it set foot in education.The 17-th and 18-th centuries became a period of legalization of the French language. The greatest philosophers and writers of this time legalized the French language in poetry and fiction. At the same time, it became the language of scientific writing. French gained the status of the most brilliant language in Europe over the last two centuries through the French Academy and the French Revolution. It was a new ‘’classical“ language.

scholarly journals Reproductive activity and morphometric assessment of three commercial species of sea cucumber (Echinodermata) from Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustagfirin MUSTAGFIRIN ◽  
Diah Permata Wijayanti ◽  
Subagiyo SUBAGIYO
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Gonad Somatic Index ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Morphometric Assessment ◽  
Somatic Index

Abstract. Mustagfirin, Wijayanti DP, Subagiyo. 2021. Reproductive activity and morphometric assessment of three commercial species of sea cucumber (Echinodermata) from Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3333-3341. Sea cucumbers are benthic animals that have economic value and play an important role in the environment. Exploitation on large scale to fulfill high market demand, caused overexploitation. The number of sea cucumbers in Karimunjawa decreased as a result of limited management. There is no study conducted on the commercial sea cucumbers (Holothuria edulis, Pearsonothuria graeffei, and Bohadschia vitensis) in Nyamuk Island, Karimunjawa. The objectives of the research were to determine the morphometric assessment and the reproductive cycle of the three species. The morphometric assessment of weight showed that the weight of H. edulis ranges 247.3-2539g, P. graeffei 415.3-428.1g, and B. vitiensis 672.4-678.1g, respectively. The first maturity size of gutted body weight (GWB50) for H. edulis was 127.84g, P. graeffei 357.61g, and B. vitiensis 279.34g. The gonad somatic index (GSI) range 13.60-15.60% for H. edulis, 14.75-12.25% for P. graeffei and 10.83-14.57% for B. vitiensis. The result of gonad somatic index with a value above 10% means that it has entered the spawning phase. The above data indicated that the three commercial species spawned monthly, during new moon. It is likely that the spawning peak occurred when the temperature was increased. However, the pattern of reproductive activity in this study was limited at Nyamuk Island. Future studies are needed to observe whether there is a correlation between the increasing water temperature and the reproductive activity of the three sea cucumbers.

Protective response against Acinetobacter baumannii with ferric iron receptors HemTR-BauA in a murine sepsis model

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ramezanalizadeh ◽  
Iraj Rasooli ◽  
Parviz Owlia
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Iron Uptake ◽  
Ferric Iron ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Protective Response ◽  
Sepsis Model ◽  
High Level ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism

Aim: Iron uptake and metabolism pathways are promising targets in vaccine development as an alternative strategy for antibiotics. Methods & methods: HemTR, a putative heme receptor of Acinetobacter baumannii, was expressed and its protectivity against A. baumannii was determined singly or in combination with the siderophore receptor, BauA, in mice. Results: High level of IgG was elicited. There was a delay in mice mortality with reduced bacterial loads in internal organs in the sublethal challenge. Protection was better in the HemTR-BauA group in both lethal and sublethal challenges. Passive transfer of anti-HemTR and anti-BauA partially protected mice against A. baumannii infection. Conclusion: HemTR in combination with other iron receptors could contribute to the development of protective vaccines against A. baumannii.

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