scholarly journals COMPARISON OF THE ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF CARBON SORBENTS FROM DIFFERENT PLANT PRECURSORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Andrey Aleksandrovich Spitsyn ◽  
Mariya Igorevna Minich ◽  
Dmitriy Andreyevich Ponomarev ◽  
Nikolay Ivanovich Bogdanovich
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Birch Wood ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Pine Cones

The sorption capacity of activated carbon obtained from various plant precursors – apple wood, birch wood, pine cones and cellolignin was studied. The plant material was first subjected to carbonation by heating to a temperature of 700 °C and further exposure at this temperature. The total heating time was 8 hours. Charcoal was then subjected to steam activation at a reactor temperature of 950 °C and an activation time of 40–45 minutes. The yield of activated carbon estimated on charcoal was 42–46%. The characteristics of the porous structure were determined by the method of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. The total specific surface area according to the BET method was (m2/g) 674, 594, 552, 552, 622 for apple wood, birch wood, pine cones, cellolignin and an industrial sample of activated carbon, respectively. Determination of the adsorption capacity by iodine adsorption methods showed that this value, depending on the source of raw materials, falls in the order: birch wood > cellolignin ≈ apple wood > pine cones. The data on the sorption of benzene characterize approximately the same range of sorption capacity: birch wood > cellolignin > pine cones ≈ apple wood. The data on the sorption capacity show that unconventional plant raw materials can be used to produce activated carbon.

scholarly journals Dependence of the C Constant in the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Equation on Water Pre-Adsorbed on Activated Carbon

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Mehandjiev ◽  
R.N. Nickolov
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Water Vapour Pressure ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
C Value ◽  
Low Degrees ◽  
Sorption Volume ◽  
Bet Equation

The dependence of the C constant in the BET equation on the amount of pre-adsorbed water has been investigated by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption on activated carbon containing different amounts of water pre-adsorbed at the same relative water vapour pressure. It is suggested that the rapid decrease in the surface area as determined by the BET method in comparison with the C value in cases of low degrees of sorption volume filling is associated with blocking of part of the carbon texture and the parallel formation of extremely narrow micropores.

Effect of valence of copper on adsorption of dimethyl sulfide from liquid hydrocarbon streams on activated bentonite

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Huang ◽  
De-Zhi Yi ◽  
Yan-Nan Lu ◽  
Xiao-Lin Wu ◽  
Yun-Peng Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Copper Cation ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Activated Bentonite ◽  
Better Than

AbstractSamples of activated bentonite and activated bentonite modified with CuCl and CuCl2, separately, were tested as dimethyl sulfide (DMS) adsorbents. The adsorption and desorption behaviours of DMS on the adsorbents were studied systematically. The adsorbents were characterised by nitrogen adsorption, XRD, and DMS-TPD tests. The addition of CuCl and CuCl2 to the activated carbon significantly enhanced the adsorption capacity of DMS, despite a notable decrease in the specific surface area and total pore volume of the activated bentonite. It is presumed that copper cation species may act as an adsorption site for DMS. The adsorption capacity of Cu(II)-bentonite was better than that of Cu(I)-bentonite. The DMS-TPD patterns indicate that the stronger electrophilicity of Cu(II) compared to that of Cu(I) caused it to interact with the DMS molecules more strongly, thus contributing to a better adsorptive performance. The Cu(II)-bentonite calcined at 150°C had the best DMS removal performance with a high sulphur capacity of 70.56 mg S g−1 adsorbent. The DMS removal performance became much lower with the increase in the calcination temperature, which appeared to be due to the decrease in the CuCl2·2H2O phase and the formation of the monoclinic Cu(OH)Cl phase.

scholarly journals New Supports for Carbon-Metal Catalytic Systems Based on Shungite and Carbonizates of Plant Raw Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.R. Tokpayev ◽  
A.A. Atchabarova ◽  
S.A. Abdullayeva ◽  
S.V. Nechipurenko ◽  
S.A. Yefremov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Base Catalysis ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Active Centers ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Homogeneous Surface ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Catalyst Systems

<p>In this paper, new carbon containing materials based on products of shungite ore enrichment and carbonizates of plant raw materials were studied. The phase transformations occurring during the carbonization process were studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize the surface topography. It was established that supports based on plant raw materials have more developed and homogeneous surface. Specific surface area and porosity was studied by BET (Method of Brunauer-Emmet Taylor). It was found that supports based on plant raw materials have developed microporous surface (383–480 m<sup>2</sup>/g), with predominant micropores on the surface with dimensions of 1.8–2.5 nm. The mechanical strength of the obtained supports is higher than their industrial analogs and it equals 53–91%. Conversion of methylbutynol on active centers of supports was studied. Supports based on plant raw materials have basic active sites whereby they can be used in base catalysis. Supports based on carbon-mineral raw materials possess acid and basic active sites and they can be used to prepare bidirectional type action of catalysts. Conducted research have shown the possibility of using these materials as supports for creating carbon-metal catalyst systems.</p>

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of soybean straw activated carbon for natural gas storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 03019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliusman ◽  
Nasruddin ◽  
Yugo WidhiNugroho ◽  
Hizba IlmiNaf’an ◽  
Jervis Sinto
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Capacity Surface ◽  
Soybean Straw ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Adsorbed natural gas (ANG) can be developed through its porous adsorbent, especially activated carbon (AC) which has larger specific surface area. AC made of soybean straw is developed because of its abundance as agricultural waste in Indonesia and high lignocellulosic content. AC is produced in 500°C furnace for 1 hour with nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/minute. For AC production, variations of chemical activating agents utilizing ZnCl2 and KOH and the concentration NiO as modification substance are made in this paper. Characterizations are made through iodine number, SEM, EDX, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption for obtaining data of adsorption capacity, surface topography, main composition, and particles specification. ZnCl2 activated carbon shows better result with iodine number of 577.73 mg/g and SBET of 741.26 m2/g, and the second-best is found in 2%-NiO-modified ZnCl2 activated carbon with iodine number of 534.79 mg/g and SBET of 632.24 m2/g. It is concluded that development of soybean straw as activated carbon precursor is still needed to obtain larger SBETand better adsorption capacity.

Technology for Preparation of Hybrid Sorbents Based on Plant Raw Materials and Montmorillonite

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Koksharov ◽  
Olga V. Lepilova ◽  
Svetlana V. Aleeva
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Arctium Lappa ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Particles

The possibility of preparation of hybrid nanocomposites, based on Burdock Arctium Lappa L biomass, modified with enzymes and montmorillonite, was substantiated. It was founded that bio-modification allowing releasing pectin into the biomass Burdock structure that allow fixing clay mineral particles onto biomass. It was found that the increase of pore spaces occurs at the expense of increasing mesopore spaces to 93 %. It allows increasing the adsorption capacity of hybrid nanocomposites to zinc ions and methylene blue to 52.2 and 166.9 mg g-1 respectively; that is 3.5 and 9 times more than adsorption capacityfor initial plant Burdock

scholarly journals The Effect of Chemical Activating Agent on the Properties of Activated Carbon from Sago Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11640
Author(s):  
Octolia Togibasa ◽  
Mumfaijah Mumfaijah ◽  
Yanti Kiding Allo ◽  
Khaeriah Dahlan ◽  
Yane Oktovina Ansanay
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Carboxylate Groups ◽  
Bet Method ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Activating Agent ◽  
Sago Waste ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
The Fourier Transform

The effect of chemical activators on the properties of activated carbon from sago waste was conducted in this study by using ZnCl2, H3PO4, KOH, and KMnO4 chemical solutions. The carbonized sago waste was added to each chemical solution, boiled at 85 °C for 4 h, and heated at 600 °C for 3 h. The porosity, microstructural, proximate, and surface chemistry analyses were carried out using nitrogen adsorption with employing the Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) method and the Barret-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) calculation, scanning electron microscopy by using energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis system, and the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the activated carbon prepared using ZnCl2 acid had the highest specific surface area of 546.61 m2/g, while the KOH activating agent surpassed other chemicals in terms of a refined structure and morphology, with the lowest ash content of 10.90%. The surface chemistry study revealed that ZnCl2 and KOH activated carbon showed phenol and carboxylate groups. Hence, ZnCl2 acid was suggested as activating agents for micropore carbon, while KOH was favorable to producing a mesopore-activated carbon from sago waste.

scholarly journals Removal of metoprolol from aqueous solutions by the activated carbon prepared from pine cones

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariush Naghipour ◽  
Abdoliman Amouei ◽  
Kamran Taher Ghasemi ◽  
Kamran Taghavi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Pine Cones ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Background: Metoprolol (MTP) with its low biodegradability is one of the most dominant micropollutant in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the removal of metoprolol from aqueous solutions by the activated carbon prepared from pine cones. Methods: The pine cones were activated using thermal activation method. Characteristics of the adsorbent were determined using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this study, the influent of different parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentrations of metoprolol, adsorbent dose, temperature, adsorption isotherms, and kinetics were investigated. Results: The maximum removal efficiency of MTP (89.2%) was obtained at pH=8.5, adsorbent dose=1.5 g, contact time=60 min, and initial concentration=50 mg/L. By increasing the adsorbent dose, the removal efficiency also increased, but the adsorption capacity decreased, however, by increasing the initial concentration, the removal efficiency decreased, but the adsorption capacity increased. The isotherm experimental data for metoprolol was best fitted using the Langmuir model, and kinetic data were better described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption of MTP by the adsorbent was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic. Conclusion: MTP removal by the activated carbon prepared from pine cones showed that this natural adsorbent is appropriate for removal of metoprolol from aqueous solutions regarding cost, efficiency, and production method.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE CARBONIZATION AND ACTIVATION PROCESS ON THE ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF RICE HUSK ACTIVATED CARBON

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoa Thai Ma ◽  
Hung Cam Ly ◽  
Van Thi Thanh Ho ◽  
Nguyen Bao Pham ◽  
Dat Chi Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Activation Process

In this study, rice husk was used as a precursor to prepare activated carbon using steam as a physical activation agent. Steam for activation can be used to activate almost all raw materials. A variety of methods have been developed but all of these share the same basic principle of initial carbonization followed by an activation step with steam. The study also investigates the effects of preparation parameters on the surface characteristics of the carbon. These parameters include the range of temperature and time in the carbonization and activation. The initial carbonization, done at temperatures up to 500°C in 60 min, is a highly exothermic process where the temperature is strictly controlled. The creation of the internal surface is done during the activation step with steam at temperatures 800°C in 30 min., for which the BET surface area is up to 710.8m2/g. Besides, the iodine and methylene blue adsorption capacity of rice-husk carbon are the best that reach 865.98±6.5 and 217.86±1.0 (mg/g), respectively. The entire synthetic procedure was simple, environmental-friendly and economical-effectively. The application prospect of the activated carbon prepared in this work was much more promising due to its high adsorptive capacity.

Research on Adsorption of H2S by Modified Activated Carbon

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Hong Qin ◽  
Du Xue Wu ◽  
Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
Dry Distillation

Activated carbon was modified by urea, potassium hydroxide and potassium respectively. The porosity of the samples properties was analyzed by nitrogen adsorption. Then it was used as adsorbent to catalyze and absorbed H2S from the gas based on dry distillation. The experiments in this paper were carried to study the effects including H2S concentration, impregnating solutions on adsorption of H2S on the modified activated carbon. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the modified activated carbon was relevant with the kinds of pickling liquid and experimental conditions, On the whole, The lower was concentration of H2S, the higher would adsorption capacity of modified activated carbon be. At the same time the experiments also analyzed the samples of surface oxidation products through thermogravimetric analysis.

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