scholarly journals To Evaluate the Effectiveness of Lactational Counseling on Prevention of Breast Engorgement among Postnatal Mothers

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 663-666
Author(s):  
Pradnya Ravindra Gavhale ◽  
Shalini Haridas Moon
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Normal Breast ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Postnatal Mothers ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND Breast engorgement is swollen, painful breasts with overfilling of breast milk. It is normally due to an imbalance between supplying & sucking of milk from the breast. In lactating mothers, this condition is common during the puerperal period. If breast engorgement is not cured, it will cause mastitis. The incidence rate of mastitis in India is 2 - 5 % in lactating & 1 % in non-lactating women. Signs of breast engorgement are the inflamed and oedematous mammary gland & the shiny & diffusely red skin of breast. The female may have pyrexia & that usually reduces over a period of 24 hours. The nipples could stretch, be tight & flat which makes it difficult for the baby to suck milk from the breast. METHODS Research approach was interventional evaluatory approach. Research design was pre-experimental post-test design. The study was conducted in AVBR hospital Sawangi Meghe, Wardha district. Sample consisted of post-natal mothers. Sampling technique was a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Sample size was of 40. Tool used was a structured questionnaire including socio-demographic & breast engorgement assessment scale. RESULTS All postnatal mothers had normal breast engorgement score at day 1, at day 2; 92.5 % of the postnatal mothers had normal and 7.5 % had mild engorgement at day 3; 77.5 % of postnatal mothers had normal, 15 % had mild and 7.5 % had moderate engorgement; and at day 4, 7.5 % had mild and 7.5 % had moderate engorgement. By using the chi-square test statistically, no significant difference was found in breast engorgement score at day 1 and at day 2 (א2 = 3.11, p = 0.07), and a significant difference was found between day 1 and day 3 (א2-value = 10.14, p = 0.006) and between day 1 and day 4 (א2-value = 11.43, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that there was no significant difference on the first and second day but on the 3rd and 4th day, significant difference was there. After lactational counseling, breast engorgement score was reduced. Lactational counseling is important for the prevention of breast engorgement. KEY WORDS Evaluate, Effectiveness, Breast Engorgement, Lactational Counselling, Postnatal Mother

scholarly journals Rheumatologist perspective of the Brazilian consensus for detection of auto antibodies in HEp-2 CELLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isadora Carvalho Medeiros Francescantonio ◽  
Leandro Augusto Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Luiz Carvalho Francescantonio ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Coelho Andrade ◽  
Wilson de Melo Cruvinel
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Dichotomous Data ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Relevant Pattern ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objective To evaluate the perception of rheumatologists regarding the recommendations of the Brazilian Consensus for detection of Autoantibodies (BCA) on HEp-2 Cells by Indirect Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and how BCA recommendations help in clinical practice. Methodology A structured questionnaire regarding the BCA recommendations for detection and interpretations of autoantibodies in HEp-2 cells was applied to randomly selected rheumatologists. The results were tabulated using the Microsoft® Excel program, expressed as a simple percentage and the dichotomous data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Epi Info® program. Results Four hundred fuorteen rheumatologists participated in the study: 70% of them considered their knowledge of the HEp-2 IFA test satisfactory or excellent, and 43% said they knew the BCA recommendations in general, without distinguishing the edition of the BCA to which they refer. The Revista Brasileira de Rheumatologia/Advances in Rheumatology was the means of dissemination most consulted by specialists (50%). According to the rheumatologists’ opinion, the most relevant pattern was the homogeneous nuclear (78%) and 65% stated they were satisfied with the BCA recommendations at a level of satisfaction greater than or equal to 80%. There was no significant difference in the perception of rheumatologists from the several Brazilian geographic regions. Conclusion Brazilian rheumatologists are aware of the BCA guidelines and most are satisfied with the content published, considering that the BCA recommendations assist positively in the clinical practice. Most rheumatologists recognize the patterns associated with rheumatic autoimmune diseases and have used BCA recommendations to interpret the results of the HEp-2 IFA test.

A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Webinar on Knowledge Regarding the Strategies to Prevent Covid 19 among Nursing Students of SIIHS, Honavar, Uttara Kannada

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagaya Arockiya Mary. A ◽  
Susai Mari.A ◽  
Wincy. C ◽  
Thirumurugan. M ◽  
Verginia Dsouza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Student Nurses ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test

Background: The one virus stumbled the whole universe is the novel corona virus and impacted physical, emotional and social health status of almost every individual in the world irrespectively. Since the existence of Covid-19 till now it is been noticed that student nurses also affected by this fatal viral infection during their clinical practice. Objectives: The study focused on evaluating the effectiveness of webinar on knowledge regarding the strategies to prevent Covid -19 among student nurses of SIIHS, Honavar, Uttara Kannada. The study aimed at enhancing the knowledge level and influences others through effective health teaching at clinical areas and even in community settings. Methodology: An evaluative approach with pre- experimental, non-randomized, one group pre and post-test research design was adapted. The sample size was 294, purposive sampling technique was adapted. Data collected through testmoz web page and webinar was conducted by google meet app for one week. Data analysed by descriptive and statistical methods (chi-square and z-test) and interpreted by graphs. Results: The findings show that in pre-test 10(3.41%) had poor, 127(43.19%) had average, 157(53.40%) Good and 00% excellent knowledge level whereas in post-test 00% had Poor, 59(20.06%) Average, 176(59.86%) Good and 59 (20.06%) had excellent knowledge level. The pre-test mean score was 23.1 (46.2 %.) and of post-test was 35.6 (71.2%). The computed z’-test value showing significant difference in the pre (x?1=23.1) and post-test (x?2=35.6) knowledge score (p=1.18357, < z= -5.1679, critical z score=-1.6449 ? =0.05 level of significance). Hence the p value is greater than the z value (p(x?Z) = 1.18357e-7), it indicates the webinar was effective and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. Conclusion: The study was concluded as the webinar was highly effective and influenced the participant to gain sufficient information on prevention and the spread of Covid 19. Hopefully this enables them to apply

scholarly journals Teaching Quantitative Research Method with Three Methods of Learning

AL-TA LIM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-247
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haviz ◽  
Ika Metiza Maris
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Methods Of Learning

This study aims to investigated the effect of lecture-discussion (LD), direct instruction (DI)and guide inqury (GI) to students’achievement on quantitative design research. An experimental comparison group post-test only designwas used to prove the hypothesis there is a significant difference of students’achievement on undergraduate biology education class (BEC) and master's economic class (EC)with the using of LD, DI and GI.This study used34 BECs’ student and 26 ECs’ student who take quantitative research courses in the academic year 2016-2017.The students’ achievement was measured by instrument of Research based Learning (RbL). The collected data has been analyzed by using descriptive statistics, and Chi-Square test to determine the comparison in both treatment of classes.The result of this study has shown thatχ2scores of LD(71.276) andχ2scores of DI(203.12) χ2 table α(0.05;0.01) (15.507;20.090). At the using of GI, the quality for students’ achievement scores on BEC is better than EC (standard vs. approaching standard). In conclusion, there was significant difference of students’achievement onBEC and EC with the using of LD, DI and GI.

scholarly journals Collaborative Learning Practices by Gender: A Case of a Community School in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Kamal Prasad Acharya ◽  
Milan Acharya ◽  
Madhav Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Community School ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Basic Level

This study explores the situation of basic level community school boy and girl students’ science and health learning through collaborative culture. Fifth, sixth and seventh-grade students (both boys and girls) took part in this study. As per the aim of this study, a set of questionnaire was developed and administered to the sampled students. Two hundred and fifty-eight students were selected from the sampled school using the census sampling technique. All the students were involved in collaborative learning activities such as building trust and open communication, establishing group interaction, respect diversity and sharing creative ideas based on the basic level science and health curriculum aiming at promoting inquiry learning through collaboration. A quantitative analysis involving the use of the Chi-square test at 0.05 level of significance, Likelihood ratio and Somer’s symmetric was conducted to see the association between the variables. The results showed that science and health collaborative learning activities by gender were not associated significantly. There was no statistically significant difference (α=0.05) between the variables studied. The findings showed a weak association with gender and collaborative science and health learning activities in the classrooms.

scholarly journals Profil saliva pada penyirih di Kecamatan Rembon Kabupaten Tana Toraja Salivary profile of betel quid tobacco chewers in District of Rembon, Tana Toraja

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Marcelina Marcelina ◽  
Rasmidar Samad
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Betel Quid ◽  
Inorganic Component ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Betel quid tobacco (BQT) chewing is a process of chewing betel leaves, areca nut, lime, gambier, and tobacco. Chewing and chemical stimulation of BQT can affect the salivary profile. The purpose of this study is to observe the differences of salivary profile such as volume, pH, and salivary inorganic component (Na + and phosphate) between BQT chewers and non-chewers. This study is an observation analytic with cross sectional design on 30-60 years old women that live in Rembon district of Tana Toraja (n=96) using cluster random sampling technique. Salivary volume was measured by measured glass, salivary pH was measured by indicator pH (Macherey-Nagel). The content of the salivary inorganic component was seen using atomic absorption spectrophotometer in BPTP Laboratory, Maros. Data were analyzed by t-test and chi square test using SPSS v 15.0. The result were mean of salivary volume (chewers=3.88 ml/10 s; p=0.051). Mean of salivary pH (chewers=6.92; p=0.001). Mean of salivary Na+  (chewers=0.38 ppm; p=0.112), Mg2+ (chewers=11.9 ppm; p=0.002), phosphate (chewers=156.8 ppm; p=0.001), Ca 2+ (chewers=174.8 ppm; p=0.000), K concluded that there was no significant difference on salivary volume, pH, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg(chewers=445.9 ppm; p=0.429). It was +and K+ content between chewers and non chewers, but the content of salivary Mg 2+, Ca2+and phosphate had significant difference.

scholarly journals Foods to Avoid While Breastfeeding? Experiences and Opinions of Polish Mothers and Healthcare Providers

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1644
Author(s):  
Karolina Karcz ◽  
Izabela Lehman ◽  
Barbara Królak-Olejnik
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Elimination Diet ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Medical Healthcare

Popular beliefs regarding a mother’s diet during lactation have a significant impact on breastfeeding practices among mothers, as well on breastfeeding counseling among healthcare providers worldwide. The objective of this study was to assess mothers’ and medical professionals’ knowledge and opinions on the “lactating mother’s diet”. An electronic survey, prepared in Polish, was administered to healthcare providers, as well as mothers who have breastfed a child. The chi-square test, logistic regression, and Mann Whitney U test were used for statistical calculations. Out of a total of 1180 responses received, 1159 were analyzed, and 21 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The survey was completed by 407 (35%) medical healthcare providers and 752 (65%) lactating mothers in non-medical professions. In total, the study included 1074 mothers who have breastfed a child, and 29.14% of them reported that they eliminated certain foods from their diet when breastfeeding. There was no statistically significant difference in the responses received from mothers and medical staff providing maternal care (for each of 17 products, e.g., steak tartare, sushi, legumes, dairy products, p > 0.05 by the Mann-Whitney test). However, a logistic regression revealed some significant correlations with other variables (e.g., duration of lactation). The respondents revealed an appropriate level of knowledge on nutrition during lactation and the majority of participants neither adhered to nor recommended a prophylactic elimination diet. Among other evaluated factors, the experience of following an elimination diet affected respondents’ knowledge of nutrition during breastfeeding. Both mothers and healthcare providers require good nutritional education.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Health Education on Knowledge of Mothers of Under Five Children Regarding Management of Children Suffering from Pyrexia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Prakash Naregal ◽  
Vaishali R. Mohite ◽  
Prabhuswami Hiremath ◽  
Mahesh Chendake ◽  
Rajashri B. Karale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Structured Knowledge ◽  
The Mean

Fever is a commonest medical problem in children for which mothers to seek immediate medical care and the parents experience "fever phobia". The study was aimed to assess the mothers' knowledge and effectiveness of health education on mother's knowledge on the management of children suffering from pyrexia. Data was collected from the mothers at pediatric ward, Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Center, Karad, Maharashtra, India. The study design was one group pre-test, post-test design. Forty mothers of children suffering from pyrexia were the samples selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique. The pre-test was conducted on the 1<sup>st</sup> day by administering structured knowledge questionnaire and health education was delivered on management of children suffering from pyrexia. Post-test was conducted on the 7<sup>th</sup> day. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis. Results show that 11.2 was the mean pre-test value and 20.8 was the mean post-test value. The paired t-test value was 11.097, (p&lt;0.0001) showing a significant gain in the mothers knowledge on management of children suffering from pyrexia. Chi-square test result shows that there was a significant association of knowledge scores of mothers with monthly family income ( χ<sup>2</sup> = 11.039, p&lt;0.05), source of health information ( χ<sup>2</sup> = 17.861, p&lt;0.05). The study concludes that the health education regarding management of children suffering from pyrexia was effective in improving the knowledge of mothers and thus health education interventions should be targeted to mothers to manage children suffering from pyrexia effectively.

scholarly journals Hubungan Terapi Senam Yoga terhadap Hipertensi pada Lansia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Setiana Andarwulan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chemical Effect ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Chi Square Test

Hypertension is a degenerative disease. This disease is usually suffered by the elderly. The method of treatment taken is through the use of drug consumption [lowering blood pressure, but taking long-term drugs can have a chemical effect in the body, so the use of drugs made from natural ingredients becomes one of the drugs in reducing blood pressure. In addition, yoga can also be used to lower blood pressure. By following exercise regularly. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between blood pressure and yoga exercises. The method used in this research is pre-experimental, with a population of 30 respondents, through the sampling technique, namely total sampling. The result of this research is that there is a difference between the correlation test of yoga exercise and blood pressure through the chi square test, the Asymp value is obtained. Sig. (2-sided) 0.025. There is a significant difference between blood pressure before and after doing yoga exercises.

scholarly journals A STUDY TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF FEEDING PERFORMANCE AMONG PRETERM BABIES IN GOVERNMENT HOSPITAL IN KUZHITHURAI, TAMIL NADU

THE GENESIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrs. B.S. Shali shali
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Skill Assessment ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Feeding Performance ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Preterm Babies

Introduction: Preterm birth also known as premature birth is the birth of a baby at less than 37 weeks of gestation. Preterm babies are not fully prepared to live in the world outside their mother’s womb. When babies are born prematurely, their digestive systems may not be fully developed. As a result, many of these small infants experience feeding difficulties such as problems establishing nipple feedings at breast or with the bottle. Methodology: Descriptive research approach was adopted using descriptive research design. The sample consisted of 30 preterm babies with poor feeding performance .The samples were collected by using the non -probability convenient sampling technique. The level of feeding performance was assessed with the help of modified early feeding skill assessment scale for preterm babies. Results: Majority of 15 (50%) preterm babies had poor feeding performance, 12 (40%) preterm babies had average feeding performance and 3 (10%) had good feeding performance. It was not possible to compute chi-square test to find out the association between level of feeding performance and their socio-demographic variables, as the expected values are less than 5. Conclusion: The overall study clearly showed that there were poor and average feeding performances of preterm babies.

scholarly journals ILEOSTOMY STOMA WOUND

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (06) ◽  
pp. 833-837
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal Bilal Lodhi ◽  
Farhan Javed ◽  
Sofia Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Wound Closure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Skin Wound ◽  
P Value ◽  
Purse String Suture ◽  
Purse String ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Stoma Site ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the frequency of infectionin stoma site skin wound closure done by purse string suture and linear suturing techniques.Study Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: Surgical Unit-I, Allied Hospital, PunjabMedical College, Faisalabad. Duration: From 1st Jan, 2014 to 31st March, 2015 (15 Months).Material and Methods: Total number of sixty patients of both sexes with benign disease wereincluded using non-probability consecutive sampling technique after approval from hospitalethics committee. All patients were admitted through OPD and a written informed consent wastaken. They were divided into two groups (30 each). The two techniques of ileostomy stomawound closure used were linear closure and purse-string closure. Data was analyzed usingSPSS v10. Chi-square test was used to compare the outcome (wound infection) in both groups.P-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Comparison of infection in stomasite skin wound closure done by purse string suture and linear suturing techniques was donewhich shows presence of infection in 36.67%(n=11) in Linear closure and 10%(n=3) in Pursestringclosure group while remaining 63.33% (n=19) and 90%(n=27) respectively case had noinfection, p value was calculated as 0.01 which shows a significant difference. Conclusions:The frequency of infection in stoma site skin wound closure done by purse-string suturingtechnique is significantly less than linear suturing technique.

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