scholarly journals Age estimation by pulp/tooth area and width ratios in panoramic images of upper and lower canines among the Iranian population

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roghieh Bardal ◽  
Mitra Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Panoramic Images ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: One of the techniques of estimating age in forensic medicine, which is associated with the least trauma in both living individuals and corpses, is to use teeth. Accordingly, the present study aims to determine the relationship between chronological age and pulp-to-tooth area ratio and pulp-to-root width ratio in maxillary and mandibular canines on panoramic radiographs among the Iranian population.  Material and Methods: A total of 162 panoramic radiographs were evaluated in the present study. Selected patients were of verified age with the age range of 15-45 years. The pulp-to-tooth area ratio (PTR) and the pulp-to-root width ratio were calculated with AutoCAD 2016 software program in maxillary and mandibular canines at two points of the root. The two points include cemento-enamel Junction (CEJ) and pulp/root width at the quarter of a distance between CEJ and end point of root-canal, which was named WA, WB respectively. The patients’ age was also estimated with the use of linear regression equation. Then each patient’s chronological age and the age estimated using this technique was compared. Results: The relationship between PTR in both canines and WB variable in maxilla with chronological age was inverse and significant (P < 0.05); However, there was no strong correlation coefficient (r Gender had no effect on the results of the study. The mean difference between predicted age and actual age with combined PTR and WB formula was lower than 1 year. When the mean of PTR or WB variables was considered as a predictor, significant results were obtained (P < 0.05), showing a decrease in Standard error of estimation (SEE). The results were not significant when variables of upper PTR and lower PTR and the interaction between them were included in the linear regression model (p > 0.05). Same results were obtained with the variable of WB. Conclusion: Combining the variables of PTR and WB gives better results than using variables alone. Estimation of age with the mean of each variable shows less error than their combination.   Keywords Age determination; Canine; Panoramic radiography.

scholarly journals Predictive value of adipose to muscle area ratio based on MRI at knee joint for postoperative functional outcomes in elderly osteoarthritis patients following total knee arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanglei Zhao ◽  
Changquan Liu ◽  
Kangming Chen ◽  
Feiyan Chen ◽  
Jinyang Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The current research used a new index—adipose to muscle area ratio (AMR)—to measure fatness compared with body mass index (BMI) in elderly osteoarthritis (OA) patients following total knee arthroplasty. Our study aimed to test the relationship between the two indexes (AMR and BMI) and to examine whether AMR was a predictive factor of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) for elderly OA patients following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods The retrospective data of 78 OA patients (older than 60 years) following TKA was included in our study. Clinical features of patients included age, BMI, sex, AMR, side of the implant, time of follow-up, complications, the Knee Society Score (KSS score), and the Hospital for Special Surgery knee score (HSS score). The area of adipose tissue and muscle tissue was measured on the cross section (supra-patella, midline of the patella, joint line of the knee) of the knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). AMR was calculated as the average of adipose to muscle area ratio at the three levels. The Pearson correlation analysis, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression were used to study the relationship between BMI, AMR, and PROMS (KSS total-post score and HSS-post score) in the study. Results Of all patients, the mean (± standard deviations (SD)) of age was 67.78 ± 4.91 years. For BMI and AMR, the mean (± SD) were 26.90 ± 2.11 and 2.36 ± 0.69, respectively. In Pearson correlation analysis, BMI had a good correlation with AMR (r = 0.56, p = 0.000), and AMR (r = − 0.37, p = 0.001, HSS-post score; r = − 0.43, p = 0.000, KSS total-post score) had better correlations with PROMS postoperatively compared with BMI (r = − 0.27, p = 0.019, HSS-post score; r = − 0.33, p = 0.003, KSS total-post score). In multivariate linear regression analysis, AMR was negatively correlated with KSS total-post score as well as HSS-post score, while BMI was not. As for patients with complications, AMR values were between the 3rd quartile and 4th quartile of the AMR value in the entire study cohort. Conclusions In this study, the new obesity evaluation indicator—AMR, which was well related with BMI, was found to be a predictor of PROMS (KSS total-post score and HSS-post score) in elderly OA patients following TKA.

Voluntary food intake in relation to body weight among British breeds of cattle

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
St C. S. Taylor ◽  
A. J. Moore ◽  
R. B. Thiessen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Intake ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

ABSTRACTVoluntary food intake and body weight were examined over 4-week intervals between 14 and 70 weeks of age in 306 females from 25 British breeds of cattle. At each age, the relationship of the natural logarithm of voluntary food intake to that of body weight was examined by linear regression both within and between breeds.Of the total variation in voluntary food intake, the proportion accounted for by body weight was extremely high between breeds (phenotypically, 0·80 or more; genetically 0·88 or more, at most ages) but phenotypically low within breeds (0·33 or less). The mean voluntary intake of a breed at any age could be predicted from its mean body weight at the same age with a coefficient of variation (CV) among breeds that declined with age from 0·08 to 0·04. Within breeds, the corresponding CV for individual intake was between 0·12 and 0·15 beyond 9 months of age, and even higher at early ages.Within breeds, the regression coefficient of log intake on log body weight was close to the value of 0·7 at all ages. Between breeds, it was over 0·8 at early ages, declining to about 0·7 beyond 1 year of age. Thus, genetically larger breeds voluntarily consumed relatively more food at early ages compared with later ages. Breed size should therefore be taken into account when recommending food intake requirements. Breed deviations for high and low appetite are discussed.

scholarly journals Choroidal Remodeling Distribution Pattern in the Macular Region in Chinese Young Patients with Myopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Xin Ye ◽  
Xiangjun She ◽  
Jiahao Xu ◽  
Yiqi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Enhanced Depth Imaging ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Foveal Center ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: The pathogenesis of myopia has been found to be associated with the blood supply of the choroid. This study aimed to determine the relationship between distribution pattern of the choroidal remodeling and the degree of myopia in young patients.Methods: Young patients (age < 18 years) with spherical equivalent of less than -12 diopters (D) were included. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) with enhanced depth imaging (EDI) modality was used to measure the choroidal thickness (CT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in the macular regions. CVI was calculated as the proportion of luminal area to choroidal area and was measured within 1 mm and 3 mm nasal (N1 and N3), temporal (T1 and T3), superior (S1 and S3), and inferior (I1 and I3) to the foveal center. CT and CVI were compared across different ages (i.e., 5~9 years, 10~13 years, and 14~18 years), axial lengths (ALs) (i.e., 21.00~25.00mm and 25.01~29.00mm), and spherical equivalents (SEs) (i.e., SE>-0.5D, -0.5~-3.0D, -3.01~-6.0D, and <-6.0D). Multiple linear regression was applied to examine the associations amongst age, AL, SE, and CVI of different locations.Results: 164 of 172 eyes from 85 volunteers were included. The mean CT in the central foveal was 269.87 ± 63.32µm (ranging from 93.00µm to 443.00µm). The mean sub foveal-CVI was 67.66 ± 2.40% (ranging from 57.84% to 79.60%). Multiple linear regression results revealed significant correlations between SE and T1-CVI (p < 0.05, r2= 0.082, β= 0.194), N1-CVI (p < 0.05, r2= 0.039, β= 0.212). Simple linear regression results revealed that T1-CVI (p < 0.05, r2 = 0.09) and T3-CVI (p < 0.05, r2 = 0.05) were negatively correlated with SE; N1-CVI (p < 0.05, r2 = 0.05) and N3-CVI (p < 0.05, r2 = 0.04) were negatively correlated with SE. Conclusions and Relevance: CVI in the horizontal meridian underwent the largest change as myopia worsened. Temporal and nasal CVIs within the r =1mm and r=3mm sub foveal range were positively associated with degree of myopia in young patients. The CVI value may be used to assess the vascular status of the choroid and be a potential marker of myopic progression.

scholarly journals Age estimation by pulp/tooth area ratio in upper canines: Cameriere’s method assessed and modified in a Polish population sample using digital panoramic radiography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Różyło-Kalinowska ◽  
Paweł Kalinowski ◽  
Magdalena Piskórz ◽  
Natalie Namięta
Keyword(s):  
Population Sample ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Polish Population ◽  
Dental Age ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Digital Panoramic Radiography ◽  
Specific Formula

Abstract Background: Various methods are available to assess the age of a child. However, it is much more difficult to evaluate the age of an adult just on the basis of panoramic radiographs. Cameriere’s method based on measurement of pulp/tooth ratio is one of few methods that allows to determine the age of any human being. The aim of this study is to estimate the validation of the original method in a sample of the Polish population and to elaborate a population specific formula.Materials: Panoramic radiographs taken in the Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland were retrospectively selected for the study. The selection criteria involved a good quality panoramic radiograph with a free from any pathology upper right canine. The sample included 521 individuals (271 females and 250 males) aged from 18 to 70 years. After tracing and estimating the pulp/tooth area ratio (AR) a dental age was calculated. Afterwards, it has been compared with the chronological age of each patient. Regression models were developed for prediction of the chronological age. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistica for Windows software (StatSoft).Results: The regression formula for the total group was as follows: age = 91.746 – 481.6 AR. The dental age calculated using these formulations highly correlated with the chronological age. Pearson’s correlation coefficient equalled - 0.844 for the whole group, r = - 0.873 in females and r = -0.815 in males. All correlations were statistically significant (t test p=0.00).Conclusions: Cameriere’s method can be used in evaluating the dental age in the adult Polish population using population specific formula.

scholarly journals CRANIAL MEASUREMENTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (08) ◽  
pp. 1034-1038
Author(s):  
Mohammad Afzal Khan ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Chaudhry ◽  
Faris Mohammed Nour Altaf
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cranial Measurements ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Head Height ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Gender Specific

Human body exhibits regular age, sex and race dependent proportions amongstits various segments relative to its height. Knowledge of the cranial morphometry is importantfrom clinical and forensic view point. The stature of a person being genetically predeterminedis an inherent characteristic, the estimation of which is considered to be important assessmentin identification of human remains. Norms of regression formulae for calculation of height arerequired for different populations. Objectives: To document norms for cranial dimensions andpresent linear regression formulae for stature prediction in adult male and female populationof Southern Punjab. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at the MultanMedical and Dental College, Multan and took about fourteen months to complete. Materialand methods: The study was conducted on 672 adult individuals (430 males and 242 females)from in and around the city of Multan in Punjab. Measurements of the head including maximumcranial length (glabella-inion length), maximum cranial breadth (maximum bi-parietal diameter)and maximum auricular head height were taken. Results were expressed as mean ± SD.Height was measured in standing anatomical position. Correlation coefficient of Pearsonwas used to find the relationship between various cranial dimensions using which the linearregression formulae to predict the stature were derived. Results: The mean height of the studypopulation was found to be significantly different between genders. The males appeared tobe considerably taller than females. The mean cranial length, cranial breadth and auricularhead height the measurements were larger significantly in the males as compared to females.Pearson’s correlation coefficient between stature and cranial measurements was found to behighly positive for both sexes. Linear regression formulae to predict the stature from the cranialdimensions were derived. Conclusion: The study is conducted to document norms for cranialdimensions and it presented gender specific linear regression models for stature prediction inadult South Punjab population.

scholarly journals A Novel S-Regression Model on an Auto Price

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.29) ◽  
pp. 912
Author(s):  
Fadzilah Salim ◽  
Nur Azman Abu
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
Used Car ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Used Cars ◽  
The Relationship

A simple linear regression model is useful in a prediction model. A general linear regression beyond a single independent variable is still not popular. A nonlinear regression can be easily produced a better predictive model but it is difficult to construct. The objective of this paper is to propose a technique for predicting the price of used cars in Malaysia using S-shaped curve model. In this paper, the S-shaped Membership Function [SMF] is used as the basis to develop a novel S-Regression model. Comparisons between linear regression, cubic regression and S-Regression have been made on the used car prices. The mean squared error of S-Regression model is found to be closer to cubic regression than the linear regression. S-Regression model is found to be quite suitable to represent the relationship between the price of a used car and the make year of a car. The result demonstrates that the S-Regression model gives better and practical estimate of the price of a used car in Malaysia.  

Relationship between Critical Speed and Endurance Capacity in Young Swimmers: Effect of Gender and Age

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Coelho Greco ◽  
Benedito Sérgio Denadai
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Critical Speed ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

This study analyzed the relationship between critical speed (CS) and maximal speed for 30 min (S30) in swimmers of ages 10-15 years. Fifty-one swimmers were divided by chronological age (10-12 years = G10-12, 13-15 years = G13-15), sexual maturation (pubic hair stages; P1-P3 and P4-P5), and gender (M = boys, F = girls). The CS was determined through the slope of the linear regression between the distances (100, 200, and 400 m) and participants’ respective times. CS and S30 were similar in the younger (G10-12M = 0.97 vs. 0.97 m/s, and G10-12F = 1.01 vs. 0.97 m/s, respectively), and older swimmers (G13-15M = 1.10 vs. 1.07 m/s and G13-15F = 0.93 vs. 0.91 m/s, respectively). In conclusion, the CS can be used in young swimmers for the evaluation of aerobic capacity, independent of gender and age.

scholarly journals The Effect of Original and Invert Enhanced Panoramic Modality on the Assessment of the Relationship Between the Maxillary Posterior Roots and the Maxillary Sinus Floor

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Onur S¸ahin ◽  
Kemal Özgür Demiralp
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Preoperative Treatment ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Panoramic Images ◽  
Maxillary Sinus Floor ◽  
Sinus Floor ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Having knowledge about the anatomical and pathological relationship between the maxillary posterior root tip and the maxillary sinus floor is very significant for preoperative treatment planning. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to compare the accuracy of original panoramic radiographs and digital panoramic images over cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in evaluating the relationship between the maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus floor, and to verify the accuracy of the signs of the relationship between the roots of the maxillary posterior teeth and maxillary sinus on the panoramic radiographs over CBCT images. Materials and Methods: From 106 subjects (47 males and 59 females; mean age = 39 years; range = 18-67 years) referred to our university, a pair of panoramic and CBCT images was selected for further analysis. The relationship between the maxillary posterior teeth, the maxillary sinus, and panoramic radiography signs (root projection into the sinus, interruption of the maxillary sinus floor cortex, absence of lamina dura, darkening of the root apex, and curvature of the sinus floor on the root apex) associated with the protrusion of root apexes into the sinus was evaluated. Results: The P values of the data obtained from the original and invert enhanced panoramic images were .53 and .52, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference in the accuracy of the 2 methods ( P > .05). Conclusion: The root projection into the sinus is an indicative sign of root protrusion into the sinus on CBCT.

scholarly journals The relationship between demographic features, anthropometric parameters, sleep duration, and physical activity with ECG parameters in Fasa Persian cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Mirahmadizadeh ◽  
Mojtaba Farjam ◽  
Mehdi Sharafi ◽  
Hossein Fatemian ◽  
Maryam Kazemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Backgrounds Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the first leading cause of death worldwide. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between demographics, anthropometrics, sleep duration, physical activity, and ECG parameters in the Fasa Persian cohort study. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the basic information of 10,000 participants aged 35–70 years in the Fasa cohort study was used. The data used in this study included demographic data, main Electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters, anthropometric data, sleep duration, and physical activity. Data analysis was performed using t-test, chi-square, and linear regression model. Results Based on multivariate linear regression analysis results, increased age was significantly associated with all study parameters. Nevertheless, gender and body mass index showed no significant relationship with SV3 and PR. Wrist circumference, hip circumference and waist circumference significantly increased the mean values of the ECG parameters. However, sleep duration was not significantly associated with the ECG parameters. In addition, hypertension was major comorbidity, which was shown to increase the mean values of the ECG parameters. Conclusion Several factors affected the ECG parameters. Thus, to interpret ECGs, in addition to age and gender, anthropometric indices, physical activity, and previous history of comorbidities, such as hypertension and ischemic heart disease, should be taken into consideration.

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