scholarly journals Dietary intake and anthropometric indices in Mexican medical students, stratified by family history of Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Gabriela Vazquez-Marroquin ◽  
Rebeca G. Elguezabal-Rodelo ◽  
Leonardo M. Porchia ◽  
Enrique Torres-Rasgado ◽  
Ricardo Pérez-Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
History Of ◽  
De Medicina ◽  
Diabetes Tipo 2

Introducción: Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar la ingesta dietética y los índices antropométricos en estudiantes de medicina con historia familiar positiva de diabetes tipo 2 (FH-T2D)(+) y sin antecedentes familiares FH-T2D(-).Material y métodos: 144 estudiantes fueron analizados en este estudio transversal y observacional realizado durante el año escolar 2017-2018 mediante entrevistas y un diario de alimentos de 7 días. Los participantes se caracterizaron antropométricamente. Se calculó el ínidce cintura-cadera (WHR) y el índice cintura-altura (WHtR), el área muscular corregida de la mitad del brazo (MAMA), el índice de grasa del brazo (FAI) así como el pliegue cutáneo tricipital (TSF).Resultados:El 79,2% (95%CI: 72,5- 85,8) tenían FH-T2D. El IMC fue significativamente mayor en los participantes con FH-T2D que en aquellos sin FH-T2D (23,7 ± 3,8 v 25,0 ± 3,7, respectivamente, p <0,05). No se determinaron diferencias significativas en los índices basados en la distribución de grasa central (WHtR y WHR), la distribución periférica (FAI y TSF) o la masa muscular (MAMA), cuando se estratificó por FH-T2D. Al comparar la ingesta dietética de participantes con y sin FH-T2D, respectivamente, observamos un consumo bajo / ninguno de leguminosas [30% (95%CI: 21,4-38,2) frente a 23% (95%CI: 8,2-38,5)], dietas altas en proteínas [38,6% (95%CI: 29,7-47,5) frente a 46,7% (95%CI: 28,8-64,5)], bajas en carbohidratos [84,2% (95%CI: 77,5-90,9) frente a 83,3% (95%CI: 70,0-96,7)], y la ingesta de energía insuficiente [64% (95%CI: 55,2-72,8) frente a 56,7% (95%CI: 38,9-74,4)], donde las alteraciones en el patrón de la dieta fueron más perjudiciales para el grupo FH-T2D(+). Los participantes con FH-T2D consumieron al final del día [60% (95%CI: 50,6-68,6) frente a 54% (95%CI: 35,5-71,2)].Conclusiones: Aunque hubo diferencias mínimas significativas con el consumo por categorías de alimentos, aquellos estudiantes con FH-T2D presentaron un patrón dietético deficiente, poco variado y desequilibrado con un consumo de energía principalmente por la noche. Estos factores, si se prolongan, podrían aumentar el riesgo de desarrollar diabetes tipo 2.

scholarly journals Relationship between family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus among medical students

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Jilan Fachirah ◽  
Mutiara Indah Sari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition of increase in blood glucose levels, due to impaired synthesis and/or secretion of insulin. Family history of DM is one of the non-modifiable risk factors for someone to suffering DM. Individual knowledge, attitude, and practice towards DM also affects a person to suffering DM. AIM: This study aims to determine the relationship between family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding T2DM among medical students at the Universitas Sumatera Utara. METHODS: This study was an online questionnaire-based observational study. It was involved 370 medical students from batches of 2017, 2018, and 2019 at the Universitas Sumatera Utara during the period from April-October 2020. Data was collected using a questionnaire containing questions and statements regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice of respondents towards T2DM. The questionnaire also contains questions about respondents' family history of T2DM. The relationship between family history of T2DM and knowledge, attitude, and practice toward T2DM among medical students in the Universitas Sumatera Utara were analyzed using the Chi Square test, with SPSS version 24. RESULTS: From the 370 Universitas Sumatera Utara medical students were being respondents in this study, it was shown that good and poor knowledge scores toward T2DM were 50.8% and 49.2% respectively. The attitude scores were 53.5% and 46.5% respectively. The practice scores were 47.8% and 52.2% respectively. There were 197 students (53.2%) who have a family history of suffering from T2DM and 173 students (46.8%) did not have. The results of the analysis test between data showed that there was a significant relationship between a family history of T2DM with knowledge of T2DM (p = 0.002, RP = 1.921, 95% CI = 1.270-2.906), attitudes (p = 0.005, RP = 1.815, 95% CI = 1.200-2.745) and practice (p = 0.001, RP = 2.092, 95% CI = 1.380-3.173). CONCLUSION: In this study it is shown that the medical students have good knowledge and attitudes towards T2DM but it’s not in line with practice. A family history of T2DM is a factor that influences behavior, attitude, and practice towards T2DM in medical students at the Universitas Sumatera Utara.  

1715-P: Impaired Postprandial Adipose Tissue Microvascular Blood Flow in Healthy People with a Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1715-P
Author(s):  
KATHERINE ROBERTS-THOMSON ◽  
RYAN D. RUSSELL ◽  
DONGHUA HU ◽  
TIMOTHY M. GREENAWAY ◽  
ANDREW C. BETIK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Family History ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Microvascular Blood Flow ◽  
History Of

Eksplorasi Kesadaran Diri, Persepsi Dan Sikap Pada Individu Yang Memiliki Riwayat Keluarga Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62
Author(s):  
Mulia Mayangsari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

 Individuals who have a family history oftype 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) have a highrisk for type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetescan be prevented by improving modifiablerisk factors, supported by self-awareness,perceptions and attitudes of individualswho have a high family history of DM. Thisstudy used a qualitative phenomenologicaldesign. A Purposive Sampling techiniquewas applied to determine individuals whohad parents with type 2 diabetes. Nineindividuals participated in this study. AQualitative content analysis with Collaiziapproach used as a data analysis method.The main themes depicted individuals selfawareness,perceptions, & attitudes were:denials that diabetes caused by heredityfactors; misperception about diabetes;“traditional modalities” as a preventionmeasurement toward type 2 diabetes; andDM is perceived as a “threatening disease”.Further study is needed to examine indepth the themes that have been identifiedon the number of participants are morenumerous and varied.

Family History of Type 2 Diabetes: Does Having a Diabetic Parent Increase the Risk?

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Papazafiropoulou ◽  
N. Papanas ◽  
A. Melidonis ◽  
E. Maltezos
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Vitamin D status and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Norwegian HUNT cohort study: does family history or genetic predisposition modify the association?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001948
Author(s):  
Marion Denos ◽  
Xiao-Mei Mai ◽  
Bjørn Olav Åsvold ◽  
Elin Pettersen Sørgjerd ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
P Value ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

IntroductionWe sought to investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adults who participated in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT), and the possible effect modification by family history and genetic predisposition.Research design and methodsThis prospective study included 3574 diabetes-free adults at baseline who participated in the HUNT2 (1995–1997) and HUNT3 (2006–2008) surveys. Serum 25(OH)D levels were determined at baseline and classified as <50 and ≥50 nmol/L. Family history of diabetes was defined as self-reported diabetes among parents and siblings. A Polygenic Risk Score (PRS) for T2DM based on 166 single-nucleotide polymorphisms was generated. Incident T2DM was defined by self-report and/or non-fasting glucose levels greater than 11 mmol/L and serum glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody level of <0.08 antibody index at the follow-up. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to calculate adjusted ORs with 95% CIs. Effect modification by family history or PRS was assessed by likelihood ratio test (LRT).ResultsOver 11 years of follow-up, 92 (2.6%) participants developed T2DM. A higher risk of incident T2DM was observed in participants with serum 25(OH)D level of<50 nmol/L compared with those of ≥50 nmol/L (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.86). Level of 25(OH)D<50 nmol/L was associated with an increased risk of T2DM in adults without family history of diabetes (OR 3.87, 95% CI 1.62 to 9.24) but not in those with a family history (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.32 to 1.62, p value for LRT=0.003). There was no effect modification by PRS (p value for LRT>0.23).ConclusionSerum 25(OH)D<50 nmol/L was associated with an increased risk of T2DM in Norwegian adults. The inverse association was modified by family history of diabetes but not by genetic predisposition to T2DM.

scholarly journals Differential expression of micro RNA-29 family in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzair Abbas ◽  
Bushra Imdad ◽  
Sikander Adil Mughal ◽  
Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽  
Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).

scholarly journals Endocrinological and metabolic characteristics in patients who are non-obese and have polycystic ovary syndrome and different types of a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 030006052110166
Author(s):  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Hua Gao ◽  
Wen Di ◽  
Zhuowei Gu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Family History ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Degree

Objective We aimed to investigate whether patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and a family history (FH) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk of endocrinological and metabolic abnormalities, and whether this risk differs between first-degree and second-degree relatives, and between maternal and paternal transmission. Methods A total of 680 patients with PCOS were enrolled in this retrospective, single-center study. Endocrine and glycolipid metabolism parameters were compared. Results The free androgen index (FAI), and levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher, whereas sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were significantly lower in patients with PCOS and a FH of T2DM. In patients with PCOS with a FH of T2DM in first-degree relatives, age and levels of FBG, FINS, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher than those who had a FH of T2DM in second-degree relatives. A maternal history of T2DM was associated with a higher body mass index, FAI, and TG levels, and lower SHBG levels. Conclusions Patients with PCOS and a FH of T2DM have more severe hyperandrogenism and metabolic disorders, especially in those with maternal transmission.

Effects on insulin secretion and insulin action of a 48-h reduction of plasma free fatty acids with acipimox in nondiabetic subjects genetically predisposed to type 2 diabetes

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (6) ◽  
pp. E1775-E1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Cusi ◽  
Sangeeta Kashyap ◽  
Amalia Gastaldelli ◽  
Mandeep Bajaj ◽  
Eugenio Cersosimo
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Family History ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Hyperglycemic Clamp ◽  
History Of ◽  
Plasma Ffa

Elevated plasma FFA cause β-cell lipotoxicity and impair insulin secretion in nondiabetic subjects predisposed to type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM; i.e., with a strong family history of T2DM (FH+)] but not in nondiabetic subjects without a family history of T2DM. To determine whether lowering plasma FFA with acipimox, an antilipolytic nicotinic acid derivative, may enhance insulin secretion, nine FH+ volunteers were admitted twice and received in random order either acipimox or placebo (double-blind) for 48 h. Plasma glucose/insulin/C-peptide concentrations were measured from 0800 to 2400. On day 3, insulin secretion rates (ISRs) were assessed during a +125 mg/dl hyperglycemic clamp. Acipimox reduced 48-h plasma FFA by 36% ( P < 0.001) and increased the plasma C-peptide relative to the plasma glucose concentration or ΔC-peptide/Δglucose AUC (+177%, P = 0.02), an index of improved β-cell function. Acipimox improved insulin sensitivity (M/I) 26.1 ± 5% ( P < 0.04). First- (+19 ± 6%, P = 0.1) and second-phase (+31 ± 6%, P = 0.05) ISRs during the hyperglycemic clamp also improved. This was particularly evident when examined relative to the prevailing insulin resistance [1/(M/I)], as both first- and second-phase ISR markedly increased by 29 ± 7 ( P < 0.05) and 41 ± 8% ( P = 0.02). There was an inverse correlation between fasting FFA and first-phase ISR ( r2 = 0.31, P < 0.02) and acute (2–4 min) glucose-induced insulin release after acipimox ( r2 =0.52, P < 0.04). In this proof-of-concept study in FH+ individuals predisposed to T2DM, a 48-h reduction of plasma FFA improves day-long meal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. These results provide additional evidence for the important role that plasma FFA play regarding insulin secretion in FH+ subjects predisposed to T2DM.

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