Whiteness in the Twenty-First Century

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Dramatic Shift ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Post Civil Rights

In this chapter, I examine the extent to which one-drop ideology continues to dictate the legal definition of whiteness. The following questions serve as the basis of my research: 1) How do “white,” “mixed race or colored,” and the “one-drop rule” operate as ideographs in post-civil rights legal discourse? 2) Has the codification of the one-drop rule and whiteness been severed in contemporary legal discourse? To address the first research question, I use an ideographic analysis to examine legal briefs from the Malone Brothers and Mary Walker cases. To address my second research question, I complete a content analysis of state and/or federal court cases, 12 involving racial identity from 1980 to 2012, thereby demonstrating that a dramatic shift occurs in how white and mixed race are defined in the language endorsed by court justices.

Trans Riot: Transmasculine of Colour Expressions and Embodiments in the Films of Christopher Lee

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-312
Author(s):  
Jian Neo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Trans People ◽  
Movement Building ◽  
Post Civil Rights ◽  
A Current ◽  
Feminist Work ◽  
Critical Resources

This article focuses on transmasculine mixed-race Asian American filmmaker Christopher Lee’s documentaries and pornography of the 1990s. At a moment before today’s reduction of transgender experiences to spectacles of transitional assimilation, bio-social disorder, and death by dominant—or even authoritarian—white cis-heteropatriarchal culture, Lee’s films gave expression to the gender subversions of trans people of colour and their co-conspirators. In solidarity with Lee’s work, I produce critical creative language about racial transgender social identities. At a current moment offering more abundant critical resources and intersectional transgender movement-building, I also seek to re-harness Lee’s transmasculine imagery towards the trans of colour feminist work of transforming the white Western cis-binary gender/sex system and its perceptual structures. I view the communities represented in Lee’s filmmaking as confronting the contradictions of a post-Civil Rights neoliberal multiculturalism that promises minimal access while institutionalizing white cis-binary formations of gender/sex fundamental to theUSnation-state.

scholarly journals Limits of permissible intervention in biomedical studies of somatic human rights

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
Myroslava Hromovchuk
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
National Level ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Moral Ideal ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The article examines the features of the essence and content of the constitutional principles of human rights as a basis for legalregulation of biomedical research of somatic human rights. The author reveals the essence and content of international and nationallegal principles of human biomedical research. It was found that there are currently no standards of legal regulation of human rightsprotection during biomedical research at the national level and at the level of international acts in this field. It is pointed out that theissue of human and civil rights and freedoms in the conditions of formation and development of civil society in democratic states occupiesa central place. It is established that the effective provision of constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen is associatedwith the need for restrictions in their implementation. It is determined that it is of fundamental importance that the attitude to law, tohuman rights and freedoms for the Ukrainian legal consciousness is impossible only through the awareness of a certain moral ideal asa goal in one’s own life. Therefore, any legal problem for the Ukrainian mentality is inextricably linked with the values of goodnessand justice, truth and humanity.It is noted that the approaches to the definition of “freedom” have both common and different features or certain clarificationsregarding certain manifestations. Without resorting to controversy about the truth or falsity of each of them, by generalizing their content,we can conclude that freedom, on the one hand, is an action according to their own desires, on the other - an action against them.The limits of permissible intervention in conducting biomedical research with human participation have been studied, as well asthe ethical examination of biomedical research as a way to protect human rights has been determined.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizan Shaked
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Conceptual Art ◽  
Gay Liberation ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Multiple Identity ◽  
Lorna Simpson ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The introduction addresses two intersecting trajectories in American art between the late 1960s and the early twenty-first-century century. On the one hand, it traces the ways in which disciplinary Conceptual Art, with a capital “C”, expanded into the diverse set of practices that have been characterised generally as conceptualism. On the other hand, it shows how the expansion of a critical conceptualism has been strongly informed by the turbulent rights-based politics of the 1960s. Initially, first generation Conceptual artists responded to preceding art movements within disciplinary boundaries, examining the definition of art itself and engaging abstract concerns. Artists then applied the basic principles of Conceptual Art to address a range of social and political issues. This development reflects the influence of Civil Rights, Black Power, the student movement, the anti-war movement, second wave feminism, and the gay liberation movement. Central in the American context, the multiple identity-based mobilisations that came to be known as “identity politics” were further articulated in the 1970s. The artists addressed in this book: Adrian Piper, Joseph Kosuth, David Hammons, Renée Green, Mary Kelly, Martha Rosler, Silvia Kolbowski, Daniel Joseph Martinez, Lorna Simpson, Andrea Fraser, Hans Haacke, and Charles Gaines expanded the propositions of Conceptual Art.

The Protégé mentoring mindset: a framework for consideration

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Searby
Keyword(s):  
Goal Orientation ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Learning Orientation ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to define and describe the mentoring mindset in a protégé. The central research question was: What constitutes a mentoring mindset in a protégé who is poised to receive maximum benefits from a mentoring relationship, as described by the mentor? Design/methodology/approach – A phenomenological approach was used to conduct this study. Interviews were conducted with veteran school principals who were trained mentors, assigned and paired with newly appointed principals for a year of mentoring. The identification of the phenomenon of the mentoring mindset of the protégé was derived from the mentors’ perspectives of their protégés’ behaviors, dispositions, attitudes, and competencies, as they were conveyed in the research interviews. Findings – A definition of the protégé's mentoring mindset was created after analysis of the interview data, and indicators of the presence and absence of the mindset were formulated into a Protégé Mentoring Mindset Framework that provides information on protégé competencies. The protégé with a mentoring mindset takes initiative, possesses a learning orientation, has a goal orientation, is relational and reflective. Conversely, the protégé who does not have a mentoring mindset lacks initiative, lacks a learning orientation, a goal orientation, and is not relational or reflective. Research limitations/implications – One limitation of the study is that it only gathered the perceptions of the mentor, but the protégé is the one being described. This, however, is consistent with other studies of protégé competencies. The study was conducted with a specific population (school principals) in a southern state of the USA. Hence, it cannot be assumed to be generalizable to other populations or fields of study. Replication of this research in other settings is suggested, so that the Framework can be further affirmed, disconfirmed, or augmented. Implications of this research could be that the Mentoring Mindset Framework can be used for considering the varied competencies of the protégé, and can be used in both mentor and protégé training. Originality/value – To this researcher's knowledge, there has not been a Protégé Mentoring Mindset Framework of competencies created in mentoring research.

scholarly journals Medicalization Defined in Empirical Contexts – A Scoping Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wieteke van Dijk ◽  
Marjan J. Meinders ◽  
Marit A.C. Tanke ◽  
Gert P. Westert ◽  
Patrick P.T. Jeurissen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time

Background: Medicalization has been a topic of discussion and research for over four decades. It is a known concept to researchers from a broad range of disciplines. Medicalization appears to be a concept that speaks to all, suggesting a shared understanding of what it constitutes. However, conceptually, the definition of medicalization has evolved over time. It is unknown how the concept is applied in empirical research, therefore following research question was answered: How is medicalization defined in empirical research and how do the definitions differ from each other? Methods: We performed a scoping review on the empirical research on medicalization. The 5 steps of a scoping review were followed: (1) Identifying the research question; (2) Identifying relevant studies; (3) Inclusion and exclusion criteria; (4) Charting the data; and (5) Collating, summarizing and reporting the results. The screening of 3027 papers resulted in the inclusion of 50 empirical studies in the review. Results: The application of the concept of medicalization within empirical studies proved quite diverse. The used conceptual definitions could be divided into 10 categories, which differed from each other subtly though importantly. The ten categories could be placed in a framework, containing two axes. The one axe represents a continuum from value neutral definitions to value laden definitions. The other axe represents a continuum from a micro to a macro perspective on medicalization. Conclusion: This review shows that empirical research on medicalization is quite heterogeneous in its definition of the concept. This reveals the richness and complexity of medicalization, once more, but also hinders the comparability of studies. Future empirical research should pay more attention to the choice made with regard to the definition of medialization and its applicability to the context of the study.

The Meaning of Attribution

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-26
Author(s):  
Carlo de Stefano
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
State Immunity ◽  
Municipal Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
International Law Commission

Chapter I offers a reconstruction of the definition of attribution for the purposes of State responsibility for internationally wrongful acts, drawing from the history and travaux of the process of codification of the international law of State responsibility that resulted in the adoption by the International Law Commission in 2001 of the text of the ARSIWA (Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts). This part emphasizes the preliminary operation and role of rules of attributability in comparison to the other ‘secondary’ rules of international law. In addition, it discusses the threshold principle of the supremacy of international law in order to convey the autonomous dimension of attributability issues in international law vis-à-vis municipal law. Last, it illustrates the distinction between issues of attribution, on the one hand, and issues of jurisdiction and of State immunity, on the other.

“Let’s Play Two”: The Affective Resonances of Black Baseball in African American Poetry

2018 ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Emily Ruth Rutter
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
American Poetry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Civic Life ◽  
Gloria Naylor ◽  
Yusef Komunyakaa ◽  
The One ◽  
Vantage Points ◽  
Post Civil Rights

As with August Wilson and Gloria Naylor (chapter 3), chapter 4’s poets—Yusef Komunyakaa, Michael S. Harper, Quincy Troupe, and Harmony Holiday—view black baseball as a vehicle for exposing racial degradation on the one hand and maintaining collective pride on the other. While they hold distinct vantage points and Holiday is of a younger, post-Civil Rights generation, these poets are all invested in shedding light on the paradoxical emotions educed by the memory of black baseball, illuminating what it felt like to be systematically excluded from the national pastime and, ultimately, mainstream civic life. In the process, Komunyakaa, Harper, Troupe, and Holiday continue to mine and enrich an “archive of feelings,” which includes the resonances and ephemera that are not housed within museums or captured in statistical records but are nonetheless vital resources for reconstructing the interior lives of marginalized people.

Understanding functional illiteracy from a policy, adult education, and cognition point of view: Towards a joint referent framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Bulajić ◽  
Miomir Despotović ◽  
Thomas Lachmann
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Functional Illiteracy ◽  
Scale Levels ◽  
Components Of Reading ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. The article discusses the emergence of a functional literacy construct and the rediscovery of illiteracy in industrialized countries during the second half of the 20th century. It offers a short explanation of how the construct evolved over time. In addition, it explores how functional (il)literacy is conceived differently by research discourses of cognitive and neural studies, on the one hand, and by prescriptive and normative international policy documents and adult education, on the other hand. Furthermore, it analyses how literacy skills surveys such as the Level One Study (leo.) or the PIAAC may help to bridge the gap between cognitive and more practical and educational approaches to literacy, the goal being to place the functional illiteracy (FI) construct within its existing scale levels. It also sheds more light on the way in which FI can be perceived in terms of different cognitive processes and underlying components of reading. By building on the previous work of other authors and previous definitions, the article brings together different views of FI and offers a perspective for a needed operational definition of the concept, which would be an appropriate reference point for future educational, political, and scientific utilization.

The Legal Status of Cryptocurrencies in the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Sidorenko
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Virtual Currency ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Crypto Currency ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Definition Of

The paper focuses on the definition of the legal status of the cryptocurrency in the framework of the current Russian legislation. The subject of the research is the principal scientific and practical approaches to determining the object of civil rights and the object of acquisitive crimes in terms of their adaptability to cryptocurrencies. The purposes of the work were the search for a universal algorithm for resolving civil disputes related to the turnover of the crypto currency, and the qualification of the virtual currency theft (fraud). By using historical, comparative legal and dialectical methods as well as the content analysis method parallels between cryptocurrencies and individual objects of civil rights (a thing, property rights, other property) were drawn, and a number of options for qualifying the actions related to the non-repayable withdrawal of the cryptocurrency were proposed. Finally, the paper analyzes the draft laws prepared by the RF Ministry of Finance and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and presents the author’s vision of the prospects for legalizing the cryptocurrency as an object of civil rights.

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