Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria and Heavy Metal on Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Dairy Cattle Waste

AbstractNortheastern Thailand relies on agriculture as a major economic activity, and has used high levels of agrochemicals due to low facility, and salty sandy soil. To support soil recovery and sustainable agriculture, local farmers have used organic fertilizers from farmed animal feces. However, knowledge about these animal fecal manures remains minimal restricting their optimal use. Specifically, while bacteria are important for soil and plant growth, an abundance and a diversity of bacterial composition in these animal fecal manures have not been reported to allow selection and adjustment for a more effective organic fertilizer. This study thereby utilized metagenomics combined with 16S rRNA gene quantitative PCR (qPCR) and sequencing to analyze quantitative microbiota profiles in association with nutrients (N, P, K), organic matters, and the other physiochemical properties, of the commonly used earthworm manure and other manures from livestock animals (including breed and feeding diet variations) in the region. Unlike the other manures, the earthworm manure demonstrated more favorable nutrient profiles and physiochemical properties for forming fertile soil. Despite low total microbial biomass, the microbiota were enriched with maximal OTUs and Chao richness, and no plant pathogenic bacteria were found based on the VFDB database. The microbial metabolic potentials supported functions to promote crop growth, such as C, N and P cyclings, xenobiotic degradation, and synthesis of bioactive compounds. Pearson’s correlation analyses indicated that the quantitative microbiota of the earthworm manure were clustered in the same direction as N, and conductivity, salinity, and water content were essential to control the microbiota of animal manures.

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Preventing postpartum uterine disease in dairy cattle depends on avoiding, tolerating and resisting pathogenic bacteria

Theriogenology ◽

10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 150 ◽

pp. 158-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

I.Martin Sheldon ◽

Paula.C.C. Molinari ◽

Thomas.J.R. Ormsby ◽

John.J. Bromfield

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Uterine Disease

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MICROBIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY - CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WASTEWATER FROM PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANY

Microbiology&Biotechnology ◽

10.18524/2307-4663.2021.2(52).239677 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 40-53

Author(s):

T. V. Gudzenko ◽

O. G. Gorshkova ◽

O. V. Voliuvach ◽

T. V. Burlaka ◽

I. P. Metelitsina

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Chemical Analysis ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Pharmaceutical Company ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Anionic Surfactants ◽

Photometric Method ◽

Wastewater Samples

Aim. Оssessment of wastewater from a pharmaceutical company according to sanitary-microbiological and chemical indicators to determine the method of treatment and remediation of them from pollutants and pathogens. Methods. In sanitary and bacteriological studies, classical microbiological methods were used to determine the total microbial number of pathogenic bacteria. Determination of the concentration of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate in wastewater samples from a pharmaceutical company was carried out spectrophotometrically using the chemical reaction of ions to Nessler's reagent, Griss reagent, and phenol sulfide acid. The content of heavy metal ions was determined by the method of electrothermal AAS using the device "Saturn-2", by the photometric method using 4-aminoantipyrine – phenol, by the extraction-photometric method – by surfactants, by the method of infrared spectrometry – by petroleum hydrocarbons. Results. It was experimentally confirmed that the total microbial count in wastewater samples from a pharmaceutical company slightly exceeded the standard value. The BGKP index and the E. coli index were within the normal range. The pathogenic bacteria Salmonella moscow and Klebsiella pneumoniae were found in the wastewater of pharmaceutical company. The contamination of pharmaceutical stock can be judged by the 8.5 times excess of the concentration of ammonium ions in them compared to the MPC. The results of chemical analysis of wastewater samples from a pharmaceutical company indicate their multicomponent composition.Of the heavy metal ions, ions of zinc, copper, lead, hexavalent chromium and cadmium were mainly detected. With the exception of cadmium ions, the concentration of heavy metal ions was 1.4–7.2 times higher than the MPC norm. Anionic surfactants predominated in pharmaceutical stocks – their concentration was 8.2 ± 0.7 mg/dm3. The level of phenolic and oil pollution of wastewater was minimal in comparison with the content of anionic surfactants, which could be caused by the activity of aboriginal strains of bacteria-destructors with a high phenolic capacity. Conclusion. The results of sanitary-microbiological and chemical analysis of wastewaters of a pharmaceutical company indicate their multicomponent nature and environmental hazard – they contain pathogenic bacteria Salmonella moscow and Klebsiella pneumoniae and pollutants of various nature: heavy metal ions Cu (II), Cr (VI) and Pb (II) at a concentration of 36.0 ± 14 μg/dm3, 3.0 ± 0.4 μg/dm3 and 14.0 ± 0.7 μg/dm3, respectively, and organic pollutants – phenol, oil products and anionic surfactants at a concentration of 0.003 ± 0.0006 mg/dm3, 0.81 ± 0.05 mg/dm3 and 8.2 ± 0.7 mg/dm3, respectively. Werecommend to carry out a comprehensive purification of wastewater from a pharmaceutical company from phenol, heavy metal ions [Cu (II), Cr (VI), Zn (II)], oil products, anionic surfactants and pathogens.

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The Effects of Three Fertilization Treatments on Soil Fertility and Yield and Quality of Fresh Leaves in Tea Gardens

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.984.153 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 984 ◽

pp. 153-159

Author(s):

Xun Zhang ◽

Jin Long Luo ◽

Chao Zhang ◽

Sheng Xiang Chen

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Soil Fertility ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Fresh Leaf ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Leaf Yield ◽

Group Ii ◽

Standard Limit ◽

Experimental Group

To explore the soil fertility and tea quality and yield during the process of replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer, we established three experiment groups: experimental group I (formulated fertilization and biogas slurry), experimental group II (habitual fertilization) and experimental group III (formulated fertilization). Comparing with soil fertility, quality and heavy metal contents in fresh leaves among three groups in five tea gardens of Mingshan District, explores the effects of three different fertilization treatments on. The results showed that the experimental group I and experimental group III could improve soil fertility (including increasing the organic matter, total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content) compared with the experimental group II. On the Fresh leaf yield, experimental group I> experimental group III > experimental group II(P<0.05), in which experimental group I was 27.26% higher than experimental group III. On yield, different treatments had less effect on the main quality components of fresh leaves (P>0.05).Compared with the experimental group II and the experimental group III, the heavy metal content of the experimental group I was higher, but no more than the food safety standard limit. In summary, experimental group I and experimental group III can effectively improve soil fertility and fresh leaf yield compared with conventional fertilization, particular experimental group I.

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Photo-reduction of heavy metal ions and photo-disinfection of pathogenic bacteria under simulated solar light using photosensitized TiO2 nanofibers

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c8ra01237g ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (36) ◽

pp. 20354-20362 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Samina Ghafoor ◽

Syed Zajif Hussain ◽

Sadia Waseem ◽

Salman Noshear Arshad

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Silver Sulfide ◽

Solar Light ◽

Tio2 Nanofibers ◽

Simulated Solar Light ◽

Solar Light Irradiation ◽

Silver Sulfide Nanoparticles

Photosensitization of titania nanofibers by low bandgap silver sulfide nanoparticles for treating heavy metal ions and pathogenic bacteria simultaneously under simulated solar light irradiation.

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Effect of Pig and Cattle Slurry Application on Heavy Metal Composition of Maize Grown on Different Soils

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10082684 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 2684 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Giorgio Provolo ◽

Giulia Manuli ◽

Alberto Finzi ◽

Giorgio Lucchini ◽

Elisabetta Riva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Soil Enrichment ◽

Maize Cultivation ◽

Time Required ◽

Cu And Zn ◽

Different Soils

Cattle and pig manure contain useful mineral nutrients (N, P, and K) and are therefore used as organic fertilizer. However, excessive applications of manure can cause environmental problems and threaten animal and human health because these materials also hold significant amounts of heavy metals, particularly Cu and Zn. To assess the potential risk due to the increased concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Zn, and Cr) in a harvested crop, two maize hybrids were grown in pots on four different soils with three different fertilisers (urea, pig manure, and cattle manure). Both soil and manure characteristics influenced the heavy metal concentrations in the plant shoots. Organic fertilisation strongly interacted with the soils and, in general, reduced the shoot content of Cu, Mn, and Zn. A preliminary assessment of the heavy metal balance of the agricultural systems based on the intensive livestock production and maize cultivation showed that the potential soil enrichment of the long-term application of livestock manure arises mainly from the application of pig slurries that have a high content of Cu and Zn. The time required to apply an amount of metal that is equal to the initial soil content is 60–300 years for Zn and 240–450 years for Cu, depending on the soil type and the initial heavy metal content.

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Advances in Researching Cultivation Techniques on the Hyperaccumulators Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.1903 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 1903-1906

Author(s):

Zi Yu Lin ◽

Shao Hong You ◽

Jin Xu ◽

Yang Li ◽

Chang Jie He

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Tissue Culture ◽

Plant Tissue Culture ◽

Aboveground Biomass ◽

Metal Accumulation ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽

Research Progress ◽

Cultivation Techniques ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

Using phytoremediation technique to remove contaminants from soil had become a topic in current research.This article expounded the domestic and oversea research progress of hyperaccumulators on cultivation techniques and was systematically elaborated from many aspects,including variety selecting,seedling breeding,fertilizing (nitrogen phosphorus and organic fertilizer),usage of chelator and ameliorant,polyploid breeding,etc.The direction of hyperaccumulators research is put forward that the aboveground biomass and the heavy metal accumulation quantity should be raised through improving cultivation measures,meanwhile a new idea about research of plant tissue culture has been come up with.

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Pertumbuhan, hasil, dan kandungan kromium kangkung darat akibat kombinasi macam dan dosis bahan organik pada media tanam tercemar

Kultivasi ◽

10.24198/kultivasi.v18i3.22464 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Intan Nurcahya ◽

Noertjahyani Noertjahyani ◽

Hudaya Mulyana

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Water System ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Water Spinach ◽

Polluted Soils ◽

Randomized Block Design

Sari. Kangkung darat merupakan salah satu tanaman yang dapat menyerap logam berat. Hal ini berkaitan dengan pertumbuhan, hasil, dan keamanan kangkung sebagai bahan konsumsi. Pencemaran lahan pertanian dapat disebabkan dari kegiatan industri, salah satunya yaitu limbah penyamakan kulit yang mengandung logam berat kromium yang mengairi lahan pertanian. Pemberian bahan organik merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman kangkung darat dan menyerap logam berat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi macam dan dosis bahan organik pada media tercemar kromium penyamakan kulit terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil dan kandungan kromium pada tanaman kangkung darat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan sembilan perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan kombinasi macam dan dosis bahan organik terdiri dari serasah daun, pupuk kandang kambing, dan kascing dengan dosis masing-masing 5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1dan 15 t ha-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi macam dan dosis bahan organik pada media tercemar kromium penyamakan kulit berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan, dan hasil tanaman kangkung darat. Kombinasi kascing 15 t ha-1 memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap tinggi tanaman, bobot segar per tanaman, dan bobot kering per tanaman, sedangkan pemberian serasah daun 5 t ha-1 menghasilkan tanaman kangkung darat dengan kandungan kromium yang lebih rendah (51,33 mgkg-1) dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya tetapi tanaman dengan kadar tersebut belum aman untuk dikonsumsi.Kata Kunci : kangkung darat, bahan organik, kromium, hasilAbstract. Water spinach is a heavy metal accumulator plant if grown in polluted soils. This raises the concern of water spinach safety as one of the most consumed vegetables in Asian household. Land pollution in water spinach cultivation area can be caused by industrial activities that involve heavy metals such as tannery. Industrial waste such as chrome leaches to the water system that eventually will be used as irrigation source for agriculture. Organic fertilizer is a potential solution to increase water spinach growth, yield, and absorb heavy metal contaminants. This research evaluated the effect of type and dosage of organic fertilizer on water spinach that grown in chromium-polluted soils. This research design used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replication. The treatment of combination of types and dosages of organic fertilizer. There were dried leaves, goat manure, and vermicompost with dosage of 5 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1 and 15 t ha-1. The results of this research showed that the effect of combination of organic fertilizer type and dosages at chrome polluted media gave better effect on growth, and yield of water spinach. Giving vermicompost of 15 t ha-1 gaves better effect on plant height, fresh weight of plant, and dry weight of plant, meanwhile the doses of 5 t ha-1dried leaves showed the lowest chrome content compared to other treatments, but these plants are still unsafe for consumption due to high chrome content.Keywords: water spinach, organic fertilizer, chromium, yield

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Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Different Animal Manure and their Derived Organic Fertilizer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-29643/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yan Xu ◽

Houyu Li ◽

Rongguang Shi ◽

Jiapei Lv ◽

Bihan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Procrustes Analysis ◽

Organic Fertilizers

Abstract Background: The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in animal manure poses threats to the environmental safety. Organic fertilizers fermented by livestock and poultry manure are directly applied to farmland, which would cause the potential outbreak of bacterial resistance in agricultural environment. This study investigated the composition of ARGs in different animal manure and their derived organic fertilizers. Results: Results showed that the abundance of several ARGs, such as sul 2, Tet B-01, Tet G-01 and Tet M-01 in organic fertilizer samples was 12%~96% lower than in animal manure. However, there was an increasing of Tet K and erm C abundance from animal manure to the organic fertilizers. No correlation between ARGs and environmental factors such as pH, TN, antibiotics was observed by Redundancy analysis (RDA). Procrustes analysis revealed the significant correlation between bacterial community structures and the ARGs abundance (r=0.799, p<0.01). Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis suggested that microorganisms in organic fertilizer may be derived from animal manure. Additional, pathogenic bacteria (especially Actinomadura ) would proliferate rather than decrease from manure to organic fertilizer. Conclusion: Overall, this research suggests that the composting treatment of manure could effectively reduce these ARGs and pathogens,even cause partial ARGs and pathogens proliferation. It also shows that the microorganism might significantly influence ARGs profiles in composting.

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Potential Utilization of Dairy Cattle Waste into Biogas (Jetak Village, Semarang City, Central Java)

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/201912514014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 125 ◽

pp. 14014

Author(s):

Andhina Putri ◽

P Purwanto ◽

Hartuti Purnaweni

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Gas Production ◽

Primary Data ◽

Cattle Dung ◽

Livestock Waste ◽

Central Java ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Descriptive Approach ◽

Depth Interviews

This study aims to identify the potential of dairy cattle waste to become biogas in Jetak Village as a solution in dealing with environmental problems. In this study using primary data obtained from 72 respondents through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a qualitative descriptive approach and an analysis of conversion of dairy cattle dung into methane gas production. The results showed that the potential for renewable energy from dairy cattle waste to biogas was 4,424 kg / day or equivalent to 35.35 m3 / kg with a methane content of 24.75 m3. The utilization of dairy cattle waste in Jetak Village into compost / organic fertilizer has not been done by the community due to a lack of community knowledge and the motivation of people who are still low in processing livestock waste into other products.

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