scholarly journals Mycoremediation to Remove Heavy Metal Pollution in Post-Mining Areas for Farmland Utilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riza Zainuddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Heavy Metal Waste

The agriculture land including farmland is decreasing caused by conversion to industrial area and settlement, therefore post-mining area is used to be farmlands. The utilization of post-mining area causes serious health problem in animals and humans due to heavy metal waste pollution (Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb). Efforts to overcome the pollution of heavy metals on farms can be carried out by preventing and controlling waste in post-mining and industry areas. There are several mycoremediation methods to recover heavy metal polluted land such as biosorption, bioaccumulation, bioprecipitation, bioreduction, and bioleaching. Mycoremediation is a process to remove pollutants or heavy metals from soil using potential fungi (<em>Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium </em>sp<em>, Fusarium </em>sp<em>, Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>). Mycoremediation is chosen due to economical cost, efficient, and environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Characteristics of leaching of heavy metals from low-sulfur coal gangue under different conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Li ◽  
Liugen Zheng ◽  
Chunlu Jiang ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Shuaishuai Ding
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Precipitation Characteristics ◽  
Leaching Experiments ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Low Sulfur

AbstractCoal gangue is the main pollution source of mining areas. When coal gangue is stacked and recycled, the heavy metal elements contained in it are released by natural weathering and leaching, which causes damage to the surrounding ecological environment. In this study, the leaching and precipitation characteristics of heavy metals in low-sulfur coal gangue under different environmental conditions were simulated by indoor dynamic leaching experiments, which provided a theoretical basis for environmental restoration of the mining area. The conclusions are as follows: higher heavy metal content in low-sulfur coal gangue is associated with greater, leaching of heavy metals; acidic conditions promote the release of heavy metals in low-sulfur coal gangue; and more precipitation is associated with better release of heavy metals from the low-sulfur coal gangue.

scholarly journals Study on soil pollution caused by heavy metals in coal mining areas and vegetation restoration in surrounding areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Vegetation Restoration ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Ligustrum Lucidum

Abstract In this study, taking a coal mining area as an example, three vegetation restoration modes were designed: Populus L., Ligustrum lucidum Ait., and Amygdalus persica L., and soil and plant samples were collected to determine and evaluate the heavy metals. It was found that all the three modes were effective in eliminating heavy metal pollution in the soil, especially Populus L. and Ligustrum lucidum Ait.; in the soil layer at a depth of 0–20 cm, the content of Cd was the lowest (2.68 mg/kg) in Populus L., and the content of Cr and Pb was the lowest (58.64 mg/kg and 95.36 mg/kg) in Ligustrum lucidum Ait., which was significantly lower than that in the bare land. The evaluation results demonstrated that the pollution under Populus L. and Ligustrum lucidum Ait. modes was moderate. In the aspect of the heavy metal content in plants, the content of Cd was the lowest, and the content of Cr and Pb was high. In the same plant, the content of heavy metals in the leaf was the lowest, followed by the stem and root. The experimental results show that the vegetation restoration mode can relieve the heavy metal pollution, which makes some contributions to solve the ecological restoration problem in coal mining areas.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Accumulation Affects the Structure of Microorganisms and Increases Abundance of Resistance Genes in Rare Earth Mining Areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjie Chen ◽  
Xiaoru Jiang ◽  
Zhansheng Mi ◽  
Yafei Li ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Mining Areas

Abstract Background Environmental pollution from rare earth mining areas is of great concern, but the impact on microbial ecology and genomics has received little attention. In this study, the relationship between heavy metals and soil microbial community in the northern rare earth mining area was explored. Methods In order to study the detoxification mechanisms of heavy metals by microorganisms in this typical rare earth mining area, the study area was divided into three parts (mining area, residential area and control area). Analysis of microbial community diversity, structure and functional abundance using high-throughput sequencing techniques. Analysis of the effect of heavy metal pollution on the abundance of heavy metal resistance genes in soils of different regions using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results The results showed that the heavy metal pollution rules: mining area > residential area > control area. Under the condition of long-term heavy metal pollution, the original microbial community composition was changed, and the species richness and evenness of soil in mining areas were higher than that in residential areas. The high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that existed metal-resistant microbial communities such as Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Korarchaeota and so on under the stress of heavy metal. High concentrations of heavy metals can inhibit the activities of catalase and sucrase. According to Tax4Fun function prediction analysis, heavy metal accumulation increased the ABC transporter protein in microbial function. The results of fluorescence quantification experiments also demonstrated that the abundance of heavy metal resistance genes, czcA, czcB, czcC and czcD, encoding ABC transporter proteins, increased with increasing heavy metal concentrations. Conclusions In conclusion, the accumulation of heavy metals not only changed the soil physicochemical properties and the microbial community structure, but also decreased soil enzyme activities and increased the abundance of resistance genes, which activated the detoxification mechanism of heavy metals. which provided a reference for future ecological remediation.

scholarly journals Assessment of soil heavy metal pollution in a former mining area – before and after the end of mining activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Demková ◽  
T. Jezný ◽  
L. Bobuľská
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Factor C

Toxicity and persistence of heavy metals, which are accumulated in the environment as the result of diverse industrial activities, represent serious environmental problem worldwide. The intense mineral extraction in mining areas has produced a large amount of waste material and tailings, which release toxic elements to the environment. The aim of the study was to determine in two time horizons (1997, 2015) the heavy metal contents of samples derived from ten sampling sites located in the former mining area of Central Spiš (Slovakia). In order to compare the level of contamination, the contamination factor (C<sup>i</sup><sub>f</sub>), degree of contamination (C<sub>d</sub>), and pollution load index (PLI) were computed. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used in order to detect the relationships among heavy metals. A serious situation was found for Hg, Zn, and Cd, which exceeded limit values at all sampling sites within both studied years. In 1997, the average values of contamination factor have shown very high contamination with all studied heavy metals, and moderate contamination with Co. In 2015, the study area was classified as very highly contaminated with As, Hg, Zn, Cu, considerably contaminated with Ni, Cr, Pb, and Cd, while Co contamination was not detected. Since 1997 till 2015 the pollution load index decreased by about 38%, nevertheless even then almost all sampling sites were classified as heavily polluted. Despite the fact that mining activities were stopped or limited at the beginning of the 21<sup>st</sup> century, the presence of heavy metals in soils remains at a serious level. The high level of contamination is a result of heavy metal persistence and non-biodegradability.

Analysis of Heavy Metal in Water used for Irrigation, Soil and Some Vegetables grown around Tin Mine Areas of Heipang District, Barkin-Ladi Local Government of Plateau State

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Agustina Onyebuchi Ijeomah ◽  
Rebecca Ngoholve Vesuwe ◽  
Bitrus Pam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Transfer Factors ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Plateau State

Vegetables growing in mining areas have become a serious food safety concern because of the high levels of heavy metals always associated with mining. In this study, water used for irrigation, soil, cabbage, green pepper and green beans grown in tin mine areas of Heipang District, Barkin-Ladi LGA of Plateau State were analyzed for lead, cadmium and zinc, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The concentrations of the heavy metals in water, soil, vegetables were all in the order Pb, >> Cd > Zn. In the vegetables, the order was: Pb → cabbage > green beans > green pepper; Cd → green beans > cabbage > green pepper; Zn → cabbage > green pepper = green beans. The transfer factors for all the metals (heavy metal in plant / heavy metal in soil) ranged from 0.95 to 1.48. There were high levels of Pb and Cd in all the vegetables, which may be attributed to the metals in the water used for irrigation. Whilst the concentration of Zn in all the samples were lower than recommended limits, the levels of Pb and Cd in the water, soil and vegetables were higher than the WHO/FEPA standard recommended limits reported for vegetables. The Cd concentrations of the vegetables also exceeded the tolerance thresholds for animals and human beings and therefore consumption of vegetable from the area would endanger the health of the population.

scholarly journals Research on heavy metal level and co-occurrence network in typical ecological fragile area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Zhao ◽  
Liangmin Gao ◽  
Fugeng Zha ◽  
Xiaoqing Chen ◽  
Xiaofang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Soil Parent Material ◽  
Sampling Points

AbstractDue to the special sensitivity of typical ecologically fragile areas, a series of human life, mining, and other activities have a greater impact on the environment. In this study, three coal mines in Ordos City on the Loess Plateau were selected as the study area, and the pollution levels of heavy metals in the area were studied by measuring As, Hg, Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb in the soil of 131 sampling points. Combined with the concept of “co-occurrence network” in biology, the level of heavy metals in soil was studied using geostatistics and remote sensing databases. The results showed that the concentrations of Hg, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Pb in more than half of the sampling points were higher than the local environmental background value, but did not exceed the risk control value specified by China, indicating that human factors have a greater influence, while Cd and As elements are mainly affected Soil parent material and human factors influence. Heavy metal elements have nothing to do with clay and silt but have an obvious correlation with gravel. Cd, Pb, As and Ni, Cd, Cr are all positively correlated, and different heavy metals are in space The distribution also reflects the autocorrelation, mainly concentrated in the northeast of the TS mining area and the middle of the PS mining area.

scholarly journals Optimization of pH, temperature and carbon source for bioleaching of heavy metals by Aspergillus flavus isolated from contaminated soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Qayyum ◽  
Ke Meng ◽  
Sidra Pervez ◽  
Faiza Nawaz ◽  
Changsheng Peng
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Molecular Biological Analysis ◽  
One Step ◽  
Industrial Mining

Abstract Soil contamination with heavy metal content is a growing concern throughout the world as a result of industrial, mining, agricultural and domestic activities. Fungi are the most common and efficient group of heavy metal resistant microbe family which have potential for metal bioleaching. The use of filamentous fungi in bioleaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil has been developed recently. The current study intends to isolate a strain with the ability to degrade the pH value of the liquid medium. Identification results based on morphological and molecular biological analysis gave a 98% match to Aspergillus flavus. Batch experiments were conducted to select the optimal conditions for bioleaching process which indicated that 130 mg/ L sucrose, neutral pH and temperature of 30°C were more suitable during 15-day bioleaching experiments using A. flavus. In one-step bioleaching, the bioleaching efficiencies were 18.16% for Pb, 39.77% for Cd and 58.22% for Zn+2, while two-step bioleaching showed efficiencies of 16.91% for Pb, 49.66% for Cd and 65.73% for Zn+2. Overall, this study indicates that bioleaching of heavy metals in contaminated soil using A. flavus has the potential for contaminated soil remediation.

scholarly journals Heavy metal composition of maize and tomato grown on contaminated soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-426
Author(s):  
A.O. Adekiya ◽  
A.P. Oloruntoba ◽  
S.O. Ojeniyi ◽  
B.S. Ewulo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

Abstract The study investigated the level of heavy metal contamination in plants {maize (Zea mays) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)} from thirty soil samples of three locations (Epe, Igun and Ijana) in the Ilesha gold mining area, Osun State, Nigeria. Total concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Spatial variations were observed for all metals across the locations which was adduced to pH and the clay contents of the soils of each location. The results showed that heavy metals are more concentrated in the areas that are closer to the mining site and the concentrations in soil and plants (maize and tomato) decreased with increasing perpendicular distance from the mining site, indicating that the gold mine was the main sources of pollution. The mean concentrations of heavy metals in plants (tomato and maize) samples were considered to be contaminated as As, Cd and Pb respectively ranged from 0.6 - 2.04 mg kg-1, 0.8 - 5.2 mg kg-1, 0.8 - 3.04 mg kg-1 for tomato and respectively 0.60 - 2.00 mg kg-1, 1.50 - 4.60 mg kg-1 and 0.90 - 2.50 mg kg-1 for maize. These levels exceeded the maximum permissible limits set by FAO/WHO for vegetables. In conclusion, monitoring of crops for toxic heavy metals is essential for food safety in Nigeria.

scholarly journals The content of copper and heavy metals in the multilayer soil mud from the Buchim lake under the Buchim mine's waste dump, Republic North Macedonia

Tehnika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-304
Author(s):  
Todor Serafimovski ◽  
Goran Tasev ◽  
Trajce Stafilov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Porphyry Copper ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Target Value ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Almost All

The intense mineral extraction in mining areas during the last several decades has produced a large amount of waste material and tailings, which release toxic elements to the environment. The aim of the study was to determine in two vertical profiles/sections (1 and 2) the heavy metal contents of samples derived from six samples, three from each section located in the porphyry copper mine Buchim area, Republic North Macedonia. The results have been compared to new Dutchlist (DL) and Kabata-Pendias (KP) standards and the following was concluded: As values ranged 14.985÷60.131 mg kg-1 with 4 samples above the target value of the DL (29 mg kg-1 As) and 6 above standard values given in KP value (5 mg kg-1 As), in that context Co values ranged 11 ÷57 mg kg-1 with 6 values above the target value of the DL (9 mg kg-1 Co) and 5 above standard values given in KP value (12 mg kg-1 Co), Cr with range 29.32÷75.76 mg kg-1 with 6 over KP value (10 mg kg-1 Cr) and none above the target value of the DL (100 mg kg-1 Cr), Cu with range 2694÷6749 mg kg-1 with 6 samples above the target value of the DL (36 mg kg-1 Cu) and 6 above standard values given in KP value (20 mg kg-1 Cu), Ni with range 59.57÷105.98 mg kg-1 with 6 samples above the target value of the DL (35 mg kg-1 Ni) and 6 above standard values given in KP value (20 mg kg-1 Ni), Pb with range 27.06 ÷96.08 mg kg-1 with 1 sample above the target value of the DL (85 mg kg-1Pb) and 6 above standard values given in KP value (25 mg kg-1Pb), Zn with range 147÷273 mg kg-1 with 6 over target value of the DL (140 mg kg-1 Zn) and 6 above standard KP value (64 mg kg-1 Zn), V with range 34.44÷92.57 mg kg-1 with 5 over target value of the DL (42 mg kg-1 V) and one above KP value (90 mg kg-1 V).In order to compare the level of contamination, the contamination factor (𝐶𝑓 𝑖 ), degree of contamination (Cd), and pollution load index (PLI) were computed. Serious numbers were found for Cu, as, Zn, Co and Ni, which exceeded standard values at almost all samples from both vertical sections. Compared from section 1 and section 2, pollution load index increased by 13.43%, which in almost all samples was classified as heavily polluted to extremely polluted. The fact that mining activities at the Buchim Mine last for almost 40 years, the presence of heavy metals in soils at a serious level is understandable. The high level of contamination is a result of heavy metal persistence and non-biodegradability.

scholarly journals Seasonal Levels, Sources, and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Atmospheric PM2.5 from Four Functional Areas of Nanjing City, Eastern China

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichun Wu ◽  
Xiao-San Luo ◽  
Hongbo Li ◽  
Long Cang ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Nanjing City ◽  
Functional Areas ◽  
Atmospheric Pm2.5

Aerosol pollution is a serious environmental issue, especially in China where there has been rapid urbanization. To identify the intra-annual and regional distributions of health risks and potential sources of heavy metals in atmospheric particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5), this work collected monthly PM2.5 samples from urban, industrial, suburban, and rural areas in Nanjing city during 2016 and analyzed the heavy metal compositions (Cu, Pb, Cd, Co, V, Sr, Mn, Ti, and Sb). Enrichment factors (EFs) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to investigate the sources. The atmospheric PM2.5 pollution level was highest in the industrial area, followed by the urban and suburban areas, and was the lowest in the rural area. Seasonally, the concentrations of PM2.5 and associated heavy metals in spring and winter were higher than those in summer and autumn. Besides natural sources, heavy metal pollution in PM2.5 might come from metallurgical dust in the industrial area, while it mainly comes from automobile exhaust in urban and suburban areas. Health risk assessments revealed that noncancerous hazards of heavy metals in PM2.5 were low, while the lifetime cancer risks obviously exceeded the threshold. The airborne metal pollution in various functional areas of the city impacted human health differently.

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