Metabolicheskiy sindrom kak protrombogennoei provospalitel'noe sostoyanie: vliyanieterapevticheskikh meropriyatiy

The review article highlights the main effects of therapeutic strategies on proinflammatory and procoagulant abnormalities which accompany metabolic syndrome. The main role in correction of these abnormalities belongs to dietotherapy and physical exercises. Besides, sometimes it is appropriate to use drugs which improve insulin resistance - metformin and thiazolidinediones - as they display many other positive effects, such as anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant actions.

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Nutraceutical prospective: The synergetic mechanism of action of inositols and resveratrol on metabolic syndrome

The EuroBiotech Journal ◽

10.2478/ebtj-2018-0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 35-38

Author(s):

Antonio Malvasi ◽

Andrea Tinelli ◽

Domenico Baldini ◽

Rossana G. Iannitti ◽

Bernard Fioretti

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Second Messengers ◽

Polycystic Ovarian Disease ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Medical Effectiveness ◽

Synergistic Mechanism ◽

Insulin Dependent ◽

Dependent Processes

Abstract It has been known that inositols function as insulin second messengers and mediate different insulin-dependent processes and are a valid natural, non-pharmaceutical alternative to contrast insulin-resistance as well as associated metabolic syndrome in women with Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOS). Several studies also have shown positive effects of resveratrol in reducing glucose and lipid concentrations in patients. Recently, clinical evidence has proven that an D-chiro-inositol/resveratrol combination has a potential role to play in maintaining metabolic and endocrine health, however no large clinical trials have demonstrated the medical effectiveness of the combination, and the combined mode of action remains poorly discussed. Herein, we address the hypothesis of a synergistic mechanism adopted by D-chiro-inositol and resveratrol in reducing insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia and thus showing a greater therapeutic potential compared to treatment with inositol’s alone.

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The Adipokines in Cancer Cachexia

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21144860 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (14) ◽

pp. 4860 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michele Mannelli ◽

Tania Gamberi ◽

Francesca Magherini ◽

Tania Fiaschi

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Cancer Cachexia ◽

Muscle Wasting ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Skeletal Muscle Wasting ◽

Circulating Levels

Cachexia is a devastating pathology induced by several kinds of diseases, including cancer. The hallmark of cancer cachexia is an extended weight loss mainly due to skeletal muscle wasting and fat storage depletion from adipose tissue. The latter exerts key functions for the health of the whole organism, also through the secretion of several adipokines. These hormones induce a plethora of effects in target tissues, ranging from metabolic to differentiating ones. Conversely, the decrease of the circulating level of several adipokines positively correlates with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. A lot of findings suggest that cancer cachexia is associated with changed secretion of adipokines by adipose tissue. In agreement, cachectic patients show often altered circulating levels of adipokines. This review reported the findings of adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, and visfatin) in cancer cachexia, highlighting that to study in-depth the involvement of these hormones in this pathology could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies.

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Muscle capillarization, their morphology and pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl12077 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 42-46

Author(s):

M. Krotkiewski

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Blood Supply ◽

Early Stage ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Muscle Fibers ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Main Role ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Further Development

Morphological changes in muscles associated with a decrease in the number of fast, oxidizing muscle fibers of type IIA and an increase in the number of fast, glycolytic muscle fibers of type IIB, as well as a violation of the blood supply to muscle tissue, were considered by us in many pathological conditions associated with insulin resistance. Violation of tissue blood supply, closely associated with a decrease in sensitivity to insulin and the degree of hypertension, occurs at a relatively early stage, while an increase in the number of muscle fibers of type IIB occurs later and is associated with an increase in the concentration of atherogenic factors and hyperlipidemia. Type IIB muscle fibers (MF) are the most insulin-insensitive type MF and are not adapted to fat oxidation during muscle work. This contributes to the further development of insulin resistance and obesity; while the excess of fatty acids is sent to the liver, again violating its function. Excessive insulin also inhibits the liver. Hyperinsulinemia leads to inhibition of the synthesis of specific proteins such as the protein transporting testosterone (a sex hormone-binding globulin). As a result, an increased concentration of free testosterone leads to virilization of women and the further development of insulin insensitivity. In contrast to the previously existing concept, which assigned the main role to intra-abdominal adipose tissue, muscles and liver should also be considered as organs involved in the pathogenesis and development of the metabolic syndrome.

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Galantamine alleviates oxidative stress alongside anti-inflammatory and cardio-metabolic effects in subjects with the metabolic syndrome in a randomized trial

10.1101/2019.12.30.19016105 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Carine Teles Sangaleti ◽

Keyla Yukari Katayama ◽

Kátia De Angelis ◽

Tércio Lemos de Moraes ◽

Amanda Aparecida Araújo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Autonomic Regulation ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Low Grade ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Anti Inflammatory

AbstractBackgroundThe metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an obesity-driven disorder with pandemic proportions and limited treatment options. Oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation and altered autonomic regulation, are important components of MetS pathophysiology. We recently reported that galantamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and an FDA-approved drug (for Alzheimer’s disease) alleviates the inflammatory state in MetS subjects. Here we examined the effects of galantamine on oxidative stress in parallel with inflammatory and cardio-metabolic parameters in subjects with MetS.MethodsThe effects of galantamine treatment, 8 mg daily for 4 weeks, followed by 16 mg daily for 8 weeks or placebo were studied in randomly assigned subjects with MetS (n=22 per group) of both genders. Oxidative stress, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase activities, lipid and protein peroxidation, and nitrite levels were analyzed before and at the end of the treatment. In addition, plasma cytokine and adipokine levels, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and other relevant cardio-metabolic indices were analyzed. Autonomic regulation was also examined by heart rate variability (HRV) before treatment, and at every 4 weeks of treatment.ResultsGalantamine treatment significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities, including SOD (+1.65 USOD/mg protein, [95% CI 0.39 to 2.92], P=0.004) and CAT (+0.93 nmol/mg, [95% CI 0.34 to 1.51], P=0.011), decreased lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, -5.45 pmol/mg, [95% CI -10.97 to 0.067], P=0.053) and systemic nitrite levels (-0.05 nit/mg protein, [95% CI -0.21 to 0.10], P=0.038) compared with placebo. In addition, galantamine significantly alleviated the inflammatory state and insulin resistance, and decreased the low frequency/high frequency ratio of HRV, following 8 and 12 weeks of drug treatment.ConclusionLow-dose galantamine alleviates oxidative stress, alongside beneficial anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects, and modulates autonomic regulation in subjects with MetS. These findings are of considerable interest for further studies with galantamine to ameliorate MetS pathophysiology.

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Magnesium Replacement Does Not Improve Insulin Resistance in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A 12-Week Randomized Double-Blind Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research ◽

10.14740/jocmr1580w ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lima de Souza e Silva

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Blind Study ◽

Double Blind Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Improve Insulin Resistance

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Dietary Strawberries Improve Insulin Resistance in Adults with the Metabolic Syndrome

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa045_021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 388-388

Author(s):

Dustin Davis ◽

Hal Scofield ◽

Nancy Betts ◽

Kenneth Izuora ◽

Arpita Basu

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Dose ◽

Funding Sources ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Improve Insulin Resistance ◽

Freeze Dried

Abstract Objectives Dietary berries have been shown to lower cardio-metabolic risks in clinical trials. We examined the dose-response effects of two dietary achievable doses of strawberries on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and insulin resistance in adults with metabolic syndrome. Methods In this 14-week randomized controlled crossover study, adults with metabolic syndrome were assigned to one of the three arms for 4 weeks separated by a one-week washout period: control powder, one serving strawberries (13 g powder/day), and 2.5 servings strawberries (32 g powder/day). The freeze-dried powders were blended in water, and participants consumed half the daily dose in the morning and half in the evening. Participants were instructed to follow their usual diet and lifestyle while refraining from consuming other berries and related products throughout the study. Results Thirty participants completed all three phases of the trial (baseline profiles: weight: 90.8 ± 22.4 kg, BMI: 33.1 ± 4.2 kg/m2, waist circumference: 109 ± 12.5 cm, HbA1c : 5.8 ± 0.2%). Outcome measures were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of variance with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Preliminary data indicate a significant reduction in the homeostatic model of assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) following the 2.5 servings strawberries when compared to the 1 serving strawberry and control phases. Glucose and conventional lipid profiles did not differ among groups. Small LDL particle concentration (nuclear magnetic resonance-determined) was significantly decreased in the high dose strawberry group compared to baseline and one-serving group (P < 0.05). Conclusions These data suggest that consuming strawberries at 2.5 servings daily for four weeks significantly improved insulin resistance and LDL particle profile in adults with metabolic syndrome. Funding Sources Supported by the California Strawberry Commission.

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Insulin resistance: focus on the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy

Consilium Medicum ◽

10.26442/20751753.2020.10.200341 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (10) ◽

pp. 52-54

Author(s):

Veronika N. Shishkova ◽

◽

Veronika N. Shishkova ◽

Anatolii I. Martynov ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Chronic Heart Failure ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Modern World ◽

Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽

Number Of Patients

Insulin resistance is the main link of pathogenesis of a lot of diseases, including cardiovascular diseases which are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The combination of insulin resistance – associated disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia, refers to metabolic syndrome. The increase in the number of patients with metabolic syndrome is due to a prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle and inappropriate di-etary pattern in the modern world, and is also partially associated with the trend of population aging in most developed countries. In this regard, it is necessary to emphasize the relevance of the link between insulin resistance and the development of a specific complication – metabolic cardiomyopathy. Given that the triggering event in pathogenesis of this cardiomyopathy is alterations in substrate balance with following accumulation of lipotoxic metabolites in cardiomyocytes, the term “lipotoxic cardiomyopathy” has been proposed. This cardiomyodystrophy is associated with myocardial hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, which thereafter result into chronic heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. Although the link between the lipotoxic cardiomyodystrophy and insulin resistance–associated disorders is quite close, till now all therapeutic strategies involving only complex therapy with antidiabetic and lipid-lowering drugs have not led to a decrease in the risk for cardiomyopathy. There is a need in searching for effective therapeutic strategies to reduce the incidence of both lipotoxic cardiomyody-strophy and associated chronic heart failure.

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A Comprehensive Review on Recently Detected Herbal Phytoactives Having Anti-Diabetic Potential for Various Diabetes Related Complications

Current Traditional Medicine ◽

10.2174/2215083807666210114114334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 07 ◽

Author(s):

Pranay Wal ◽

Ankita Wal ◽

Rashmi Saxena Pal ◽

Priya Singh

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Review Article ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Inflammatory Signaling ◽

Beta Cell Destruction ◽

Natural Substances ◽

Improve Insulin Resistance ◽

Public Health Challenge ◽

Selection Of

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic, endocrine disorder which is featured by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance, primarily due to beta cell destruction, with Insulin Resistance playing a secondary role. It is treated with the help of many chemical based drugs as well as natural derivatives. Objective: There is urgent need to develop new efficacious, cheaper and more available drugs to face this growing public health challenge. Many anti-diabetic drugs are often often associated with many adverse effects. Materials & Methods: Literature was reviewed in a narrative manner in order to pertain the information about active phytoactives present in the different plants. Anti-diabetic drugs are often loaded with side effects; therefore, review is being done for the selection of effective natural therapeutic moieties with less or no adverse effects. Results: In this review article, we described the detailed review of recently detected bioactive compounds present in different natural substances; which can be used effectively for diabetes related adversities. Conclusion: Natural products based bioactive molecules have been proven to improve insulin resistance and other related complications through suppression of inflammatory signaling pathways.

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