scholarly journals On the 180th anniversary of Emil Theodor Kocher, a Swiss thyroid surgeon

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
A. A. Tulsky ◽  
E. M. Demina
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Doctor Who ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Emil Theodor Kocher ◽  
Theodor Kocher

August 25, 2021 marks the 180th anniversary of the birth of the renowned physician Emil Theodor Kocher. He was a man whose talent has manifested itself in various fields of medicine. Nowadays it is impossible to imagine a doctor who does not know the name of Kocher, because he is the author of many surgical methods and techniques that are still valid, despite advances in modern medicine. Furthermore, some of the instruments designed by Kocher are still used in surgery. In addition to the biography of Kocher, this article considers information about his work in the field of thyroidology, for which he received the Nobel Prize in 1909. Kocher has performed more than 5,000 thyroidectomies during his career. Thanks to the technique he developed, the mortality rate of that surgery decreased at least fortyfold. In those days there were not researches on functions of the thyroid gland, but Kocher noticed that total thyroidectomy leads to serious consequences. Therefore he refused to do such surgeries without invariable indications.

Hypothyroidism Talking Points 2006

2006 ◽  
Vol 00 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R Garber
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Extract ◽  
Endemic Cretinism ◽  
One Year ◽  
Emil Theodor Kocher ◽  
Theodor Kocher

In 1603 Paracelsus described endemic cretinism. Over 150 years later, in 1878, Ord proposed the term myxedema to describe the clinical features of the “‘cretinoid’ affection occasionally observed in middleaged women”. In 1883, Emil Theodor Kocher reported myxedema after thyroidectomy. This led to a 1909 Nobel Prize in Medicine “for his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland.” Modern endocrinology’s birth followed in 1891 when Murray injected sheep thyroid extract into a patient with myxedema. Just one year later injection was replaced by “eating ground or fried sheep thyroid or tablets of dried thyroid tissue.”

scholarly journals Emil Theodor Kocher: an innovator surgeon.

1969 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
María Liliana Franco ◽  
Natalia Acosta ◽  
Lilian Chuaire
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
Emil Theodor Kocher ◽  
Theodor Kocher

Emil Theodor Kocher is considered along with Frank Lahey, Theodor Billroth, William Halsted, Charles Mayo, George Crile and Thomas Dunhill as one of the «Magnificent Seven», referring to the group of surgeons who managed thyroidectomy to make it a safe and efficient intervention that it is now practiced throughout the world. He was author of numerous contributions towards medicine. One of his most important contributions was to elucidate the function of the thyroid gland, through the observation and study of thyroidectomyzed patients, for which he was recognized by the academic and scientific community during the early twentieth century.

Emil Theodor Kocher, M.D., and His Nobel Prize (1841–1917)

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 1322-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Ven Fong ◽  
Ernest L. Rosato ◽  
Harish Lavu ◽  
Charles J. Yeo ◽  
Scott W. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Emil Theodor Kocher ◽  
Theodor Kocher

scholarly journals Emil Theodor Kocher (1841-1917): Orthopaedic surgeon and the first surgeon Nobel Prize winner

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Bumbasirevic ◽  
Slavisa Zagorac ◽  
Aleksandar Lesic
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
Endocrine Surgery ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Shoulder Joints ◽  
Many Instruments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Gland Surgery ◽  
Emil Theodor Kocher ◽  
Theodor Kocher

Theodor Emil Kocher (1841-1917) was born in Bern and educated in several universities in Europe. Like many surgeons of that time, Kocher performed orthopaedic surgery, general surgery, neurosurgery and endocrine surgery and became famous in many fields. He is remembered for his description of a new approach to the hip joint and elbow joint, as well as a maneuver for reduction of dislocated shoulder joints. He introduced many instruments and some of them, such as the Kocher clamp are still in use. His most important contribution was thyroid gland surgery, and he received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1909, for this advancement. He was a scientific, hard working meticulous surgeon, dedicated to his patients and students, which found him a place in the history of medicine.

scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of Patients Undergoing Total Thyroidectomy for the Last Three Years in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 602-608
Author(s):  
K. Mahalakshmi ◽  
R. BarathChinnaswami ◽  
V. Shruthi Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surgical Methods

Background: The incidence of thyroid disorders has increased in the past decade in South India and the increase may be attributed to the phenomenon of overdiagnosis. The thyroid gland secretes hormones, which have various metabolic effects in the body. Most commonly the patients with thyroid disorders present with symptoms of hyperthyroid, hypothyroid and at times, though euthyroid, they may develop a swelling in the neck that has been caused by a goiter (single/multiple), thyroiditis, Grave’s disease, or thyroid carcinoma. In these conditions where there is an associated hyperthyroid or hypothyroid state, it is essential for the consulting physician to provide appropriate management with the aim of bringing the thyroid gland to a euthyroid state prior to further surgical methods. These benign and malignant conditions are initially medically managed but, surgical interventions are indicated sometimes. Total thyroidectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy, partial thyroidectomy, hemi thyroidectomy are the most common surgical procedures performed. Among these procedures, the total thyroidectomy procedure has been gaining an increase of incidence in the past decade. Objectives: The aim of the study is to analyze the indication rate of various conditions requiring total thyroidectomy surgery, to analyze the most affected age group and sex and to know if the incidence rate coincides with the known international standard. The post-operative complication incidence is also analyzed. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted over a period of three years at Department of General Surgery, Saveetha Medical College, Thandalam. Results: The study shows an increased occurrence between 21-40 years old age group, mostly affecting the female population. Nodular goiter is the most common indication for total thyroidectomy surgery, carcinomas are the second most common. Among carcinomas, papillary is the most common type observed in this study. Conclusion: Total thyroidectomy is effective in treating several thyroid disorders and the risk of recurrence in subtotal, partial or hemi thyroidectomy outweighs the risk of complication during surgery in total thyroidectomy.

scholarly journals Historical review of the thyroid gland surgery

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mile Ignjatovic
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Surgical Skills ◽  
Scientific Level ◽  
Thyroid Gland Surgery ◽  
Theodor Kocher ◽  
Xix Century

Thyroid gland surgery passed through history from the suggestions for prohibition, during middle of XIX century due to unacceptable mortality even for mediaeval conditions, to highest level of surgical art later, as W. Halsted sad. First thyreoidectomy was done by Albucasis (El Zahrawi) in 925 A.D, and after him by Roger from Salerno. While Pierre-Joseph Desault in 1791 has done first operation on thyroid gland that can fulfill today?s criteria, Theodor Billroth gave scientific grounds of thyroid surgery. Genius attitude and surgical talent of Theodor Kocher raised thyroid surgery on scientific level, brought surgical skills on the top of surgical art pyramid, and brought him personally to the Nobel Prize in 1909. Very important contribution to development of thyroid surgery gave its giants: Johann von Mikulicz, William Halsted, Charles Mayo, George W. Crile and Frank Lahey. Thomas P. Dunhill, F. A. Coller, A. M. Boyden, and many others did important contribution, too. Development of thyroid surgery was constant to nowadays, with tendention for multidisciplinary approach in specialized centers. Thyroid surgery in Serbia followed this world trends, in spite of great problems in this area during history.

scholarly journals Developing anterior mediastinum mass after orthotopic thyroidectomy: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Meira Soares Camelo ◽  
José Maria Barros
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Scan ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Adjacent Structures

Abstract Background Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare embryological aberration described by the occurrence of thyroid tissue at a site other than in its normal pretracheal location. Depending on the time of the disruption during embryogenesis, ectopic thyroid may occur at several positions from the base of the tongue to the thyroglossal duct. Ectopic mediastinal thyroid tissue is normally asymptomatic, but particularly after orthotopic thyroidectomy, it might turn out to be symptomatic. Symptoms are normally due to compression of adjacent structures. Case presentation We present a case of a 66-year-old male submitted to a total thyroidectomy 3 years ago, due to multinodular goiter (pathological results revealed nodular hyperplasia and no evidence of malignancy), under thyroid replacement therapy. Over the last year, he developed hoarseness, choking sensation in the chest, and shortness of breath. Thyroid markers were unremarkable. He was submitted to neck and thoracic computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and radionuclide thyroid scan. Imaging results identified an anterior mediastinum solid lesion. A radionuclide thyroid scan confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue. The patient refused surgery. Conclusions Ectopic thyroid tissue can occur either as the only detectable thyroid gland tissue or in addition to a normotopic thyroid gland. After a total thyroidectomy, thyroid-stimulating hormone can promote a compensatory volume growth of previously asymptomatic ectopic tissue. This can be particularly diagnosis challenging since ectopic tissue can arise as an ambiguous space-occupying lesion.

Treatment of Infantile Subglottic Hemangioma with Radioactive Gold Grain

1978 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Malignant Change ◽  
Conventional Radiotherapy ◽  
Life Threatening

Congenital subglottic hemangioma causes life-threatening airway obstruction during the first few months of life. The mortality rate of recognized and untreated cases justifies active treatment, and although radiation therapy is currently most favored, it carries a risk of inducing malignant change in the thyroid gland later in life. A series of 11 patients with laryngeal hemangiomata is reported, conventional radiotherapy was utilized in the first seven patients, and placement of a radioactive gold grain directly into the lesion was used in the last four patients. This technique offers maximal tumor dose with minimal thyroid gland irradiation compared to treatment by conventional radiotherapy, and its successful use in these four patients is reported as worthy of further trial.

Surgical Methods and Techniques

2003 ◽  
pp. 223-248
Author(s):  
David G. Lavond ◽  
Joseph E. Steinmetz
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Methods And Techniques
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