scholarly journals Influence of mass and distribution of adipose tissue on the content of leptin in pregnant women at different periods gestations

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Natalya B. Chabanova ◽  
Tatiana N. Vasilkova ◽  
Valentina A. Polyakova ◽  
Sergey I. Mataev
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Increased Risk

BACKGROUND: Currently, obesity is one of the most global problem in the world. Redundant accumulation of adipose tissue accompanied by metabolic disorders including high secretion of leptin may lead to an increased risk of gestational complications. AIMS: To assess the level of leptin in pregnant womens blood serum depending on their body weight and the character of content of adipose tissue in different terms of gestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated 211 women with single pregnancies, which came in natural cycles and finished with urgent parturitions. All of them got anthropometric study, assessment of adipose tissues weight by bioimpedanceometry, character of fat deposition by ultrasound investigation of adipose tissue, determination of the level of whey leptin at 1014, 2428, 3638 weeks of pregnancy. RESULTS: Established, that the level of leptin increases in proportion to pregestational body mass index from the first trimester. Women with excess body mass and with obesity had higher concentrations of leptin all over gestation, than women with normal body mass (р0.001). The higher term of pregnancy was, the higher the level of whey leptin was in all groups, independently of character of fat deposition. In the end of third trimester, women with normal body mass had the largest value of absolute and relative increase of body mass and fatty mass, what accompanied by enlargement of the concentration of leptin more than in 3 times for the pregestational level. CONCLUSIONS: In this way, high content of leptin in pregnant womens (with excess body mass and obesity) blood serum in the first trimester is explained by redundant accumulation of the adipose tissue. The largest value of gestational increase of body mass and fat mass in group where women had normal initial weight is accompanied by the great increase of the level of leptin on the body weight unit and fat mass. These data indicate, that control and limitation of excessive weight gain while pregnancy can be a measure of prevention of the redundant leptins secretion and different gestational complications related with it.

Influence of pregnancy on iron and copper exchange rates in women with normal body weight and women with obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
E. L. Makarova ◽  
N. A. Terekhina
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Copper Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Perinatal Complications ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight

The number of obese pregnant women increases annually and reaches 20-30%. The metabolism of hormones and minerals changes in the presence of a large amount of adipose tissue in the body of a pregnant woman, which leads to a number of obstetric and perinatal problems. The aim of the work is to study and compare the influence of the gestational process on the indicators of iron and copper metabolism in the blood serum of women with normal body weight and women with obesity. In the blood serum of 125 women of reproductive age, the content of hemoglobin, iron, transferrin, ferritin, copper and ceruloplasmin was determined. The influence of pregnancy on the indicators of iron and copper metabolism in the blood serum of women was revealed. Pregnancy in women with normal body weight increases the content of transferrin and ceruloplasmin. Correlation of ceruloplasmin and ferritin content with body mass index of obese pregnant women was revealed. In pregnancy with concomitant obesity, hyperferritinemia is formed with a reduced content of hemoglobin and serum iron. Knowledge of the indicators of iron and copper metabolism is necessary to optimize the observation of pregnant women, effective prevention and prediction of obstetric and perinatal complications.

scholarly journals Body weight homeostat that regulates fat mass independently of leptin in rats and mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
John-Olov Jansson ◽  
Vilborg Palsdottir ◽  
Daniel A. Hägg ◽  
Erik Schéle ◽  
Suzanne L. Dickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Bone Strain ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Feedback Systems ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rats And Mice

Subjects spending much time sitting have increased risk of obesity but the mechanism for the antiobesity effect of standing is unknown. We hypothesized that there is a homeostatic regulation of body weight. We demonstrate that increased loading of rodents, achieved using capsules with different weights implanted in the abdomen or s.c. on the back, reversibly decreases the biological body weight via reduced food intake. Importantly, loading relieves diet-induced obesity and improves glucose tolerance. The identified homeostat for body weight regulates body fat mass independently of fat-derived leptin, revealing two independent negative feedback systems for fat mass regulation. It is known that osteocytes can sense changes in bone strain. In this study, the body weight-reducing effect of increased loading was lost in mice depleted of osteocytes. We propose that increased body weight activates a sensor dependent on osteocytes of the weight-bearing bones. This induces an afferent signal, which reduces body weight. These findings demonstrate a leptin-independent body weight homeostat (“gravitostat”) that regulates fat mass.

scholarly journals TRAUMATIC DISEASE PECULIARITIES COURSE, ITS DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT AT POLYTRAUMA IN SUFFER OBESE PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
S.D. Khimich ◽  
O. M. Chemerys
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Prognostic Features ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Abstract Introduction. It’s known that the issue of polytrauma is one of the most urgent problems of surgery, and among injured patients a special approach is required for patients with overweight and obesity of varying degrees. Purpose of the study. To study prognostic features of traumatic disease course and to improve the results of diagnostics and surgical treatment of patients with polytrauma suffer obesity. Materials and methods. Clinical material was made up of 106 patients with combined body trauma, which were divided into three groups according to body mass index. Results. The results of the research showed a significant difference in the course of traumatic disease in patients with normal body weight and obesity. In particular, in the process of diagnostics of blunt chest and abdominal trauma the frequency of application of interventional methods of diagnostics was directly proportional to the increase of body mass index. The course of traumatic disease in the obese patients had a number of characteristic features that formed the basis for the development of diagnostics and differential program of treatment. Conclusions. The results of the research showed that the course of traumatic disease in combined injury obese patients is directly proportional to the body mass index and has certain features that differentiate them from patients with normal body weight. Keywords: polytrauma, obesity, traumatic disease, diagnostics, treatment.

scholarly journals COMPOSITIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY IN OBESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Gerasimchik ◽  
Ya. V. Girsh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Sequential Effects ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Background. The steady growth of obesity in the children’s age group determines the need for integrated modern approaches to diagnosis and therapy.Objective. To determine the body composition of adolescents with different body mass for the quantitative analysis of the internal environment of the organism using the method bioimpendancemetria.Design and methods. To determine the composition of the body, 121 adolescents aged 10–17 years were examined, the average age was 13.9 years (± 2.1). Evaluation of anthropometric data and determination of BMI at the 1st stage of the study allowed to identify 3 groups of patients: group 1 — adolescents with normal body weight, 40 people (33 %), group 2 — overweight, 48 people (40 %) and group 3 — obese, 33 adolescents (27 %). At stage 2nd, the analysis of the body structure using computer impedance, which allows to determine the composition of the body in a percentage.Results. When assessing the structure of the body, in group with normal body weight, the content of adipose tissue corresponds to the normal value. In adolescents overweight and obesity in 100 % of cases there was an increased content of fat mass. In the group of adolescents with normal body weight, the percentage deviation of AKM is 16–17 %, in the group with excess body weight 12–40 %. Insufficient as well as excessive percentage of AKM causes hunger. The higher AKM in full adolescents, the more difficult the process of weight loss. During the evaluation of the main metabolism it was found that in the group of obese patients the indicators exceeded those in the groups with normal and overweight.Conclusion. The use of bioimpedance analysis allows to create an optimal set of sequential effects aimed at correcting the fat mass, water composition and muscle mass of the patient, which determines a more directed and effective weight loss and the possibility of dynamic control.

scholarly journals CHRONIC HEART FAILURE COURSE PROGNOSIS DEPENDING ON BODY WEIGHT AND ENDOGENOUS INTOXICATION SYNDROME

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-531
Author(s):  
Marta O. Kondratyuk ◽  
Olena O. Sorokopud ◽  
Larysa M. Strіl’chuk ◽  
Іryna B. Zhakun ◽  
Oksana R. Slaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Minimum Degree ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Endogenous Intoxication ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders

Introduction: Over the years, heart failure remains one of the most common and prognostically unfavorable conditions. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of complications in patients with CHF depending on the body weight and intoxication syndrome of varying degrees of severity. Materials and methods: A complete clinical examination was performed in 58 patients (41 (70.6%) men and 17 (29.4%) women) with CHF. In addition to the standard examination in accordance with the protocol, the level of endogenous intoxication was determined by the level of medium-weight molecules (MWM254) and leptin. The patients were randomized into 4 groups depending on their body mass index and the degree of endogenous intoxication. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the methods of variation statistics “Statistica 6.0”. Results: It was revealed that the worst survival rate is observed in patients with normal body mass against the background of the expressed endogenous intoxication syndrome, the best survival rate is observed provided that there are a normal body mass and endogenous intoxication of a minimum degree. An inverse correlation between the body mass index and the endogenous intoxication indicator (blood MWM) was detected. Patients with CHF should have their leptin level evaluated. An increase in its level was associated with arterial hypertension, an increase in blood glucose levels and lipid metabolism disorders. Conclusions: Increased level of blood MWM worsens the forecast of CHF. The unfavorable outcome was observed in patients with the combination of hypoleptinemia with severe endogenous intoxication.

scholarly journals Relationship between increased body weight and oral health in children

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 1197-1201
Author(s):  
Svjetlana Jankovic ◽  
Mirjana Ivanovic ◽  
Momir Carevic ◽  
Bojana Davidovic ◽  
Tomic Slavoljub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Periodontal Tissue ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Backgraund/Aim. Increased body weight in childhood may have negative effects on many tissues and organs in the body. The aim of this study was to determine whether the state of oral health in children with increased body mass is different from the children with normal body weight. Methods. The study included 190 children, aged 6 to 15 years. Assessment of nutritional status of subjects was performed by the use of Body Mass, and the respondents were divided into a group of increased body weight children (IWC) and a group of normal body weight children (NWC). Hard dental tissue state of health was assessed by the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index. The gingival health was assessed using gingival index (GI). Community Periodontal Index (CPI) was used for the assessment of periodontal tissue. The oral hygiene was assessed using the Simplified Debris (Plaque) Index Greene-Vermilion. Results. Average DMFT value in the IWC group was 5.01 ? 2.4, and in the NWC 4.43 ? 2.0; (p > 0.05). GI values in the IWC group was 0.64 ? 0.37, while in the NWC group it was 0.55 ? 0.35 (the difference was not statistically significant). Average CPI index values were 1.33 ? 0.49 in the IWC group and 0.77 ? 0.61 in the NWC group and statistically significant differences were observed concerning periodontal tissue state of health. The GV index values in the IWC group were 1.01 ? 0.49, and in the NWC group 0.89 ? 0.45; it was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Results of this research do not indicate that children with increased body weight have more affected teeth. However, they have a worse condition of periodontal tissue in comparison to normal weight children.

scholarly journals Murinometric measurements and retroperitoneal adipose tissue in young rats exposed to the high-fat diet: Is there correlation?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. A Macêdo ◽  
G. S. Cordeiro ◽  
L. S. Santos ◽  
D. A. E. Santo ◽  
G. S. Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Retroperitoneal Adipose Tissue

Abstract Aim This study aimed to verify the correlation between murine measurements and retroperitoneal adipose tissue in rats exposed to the high-fat diet. Material and methods: Wistar male adult rats, descendants of mothers who consumed a high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation and fed the same diet after weaning were used. At 60 days of life, body weight, longitudinal axis and waist circumference (WC) were measured. The Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Lee Index were calculated for a posterior analysis of the correlation with the amount of retroperitoneal adipose tissue dissected on the same day. For analysis of the data, the Pearson correlation test was used, considering statistical significance for p <0.05. Results: Body weight had a weak correlation (r= 0.31; p= 0.38) with retroperitoneal adipose tissue. While the longitudinal correlated moderately and negative (r= -0.40; p= 0.25). Abdominal circumference (r= 0.62; p= 0.05), body mass index (r= 0.61; p= 0.03) and Lee (r= 0.69; p= 0.03) correlated moderately and positively with adipose tissue. Conclusion: Among the measured murine measurements, weight and longitudinal axis were not good indicators to represent accumulation of retroperitoneal adipose tissue in rats. However, Lee's index seems to be the best murine marker to diagnose the accumulation of retroperitoneal fat. BMI, CA and Lee index were murine parameters with higher correlation.

Constitutional features of females with different types of obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-379
Author(s):  
O. Filatova ◽  
S. Polovinkin ◽  
E. Baklanova ◽  
I. Plyasova ◽  
Yu. Burtsev
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basal Metabolism ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Different Types

<p>We investigated 214 females aged 35-73 years. We divided them into groups of reproductive and menopausal age. We used methods of anthropometry and bioimpedanceometry. We performed somatotyping according to the schemes of Rees-Eisenck, Tanner. The proportion of obese individuals significantly increased in the menopausal period. The body mass index was higher in the group of menopausal females with android obesity. The higher body weight in the same group was caused by the higher fat mass of the body in both absolute and relative magnitudes. The index of normalized basal metabolism based on bioimpedanceometry was lower in women with android obesity. The groups studied did not differ in the proportion of somatotypes according to the Tanner classification. The percentage of pyknic bodies was higher in females with android obesity. The trend of obesity risk in pyknics was 1.5 times higher (p = 0.182). The risk of developing android obesity in pyknics was higher by 4.7 times (p &lt;0.001).</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The Association of Obesity and Liver Enzyme Activities in a Student Population at Increased Risk for Cardiovascular Disease / Veza Između Gojaznosti I Aktivnosti Jetrenih Enzima U Studentskoj Populaciji Sa Povećanim Rizikom Za Nastanak Kardiovaskularnih Bolesti

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Čolak ◽  
Dragana Pap ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh ◽  
Ivana Obradović
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Increased Risk

Summary Background: It has been reported that obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk but also with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing rapidly all over the world. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of liver enzymes: AST, ALT and γGT in a group of obese students in order to establish their correlation to anthropometric parameters such as: BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), and WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) compared to non-obese students who comprised the control group (CG). Methods: In this study, 238 students from the University of Novi Sad of both sexes (126 men and 112 women) with a mean age of 22.32 ± 1.85 years were included. According to the body mass index (BMI) lower and higher than 25 kg/m2 and waist circumference (WC) lower and higher than 94 cm (80 cm for females) the whole group of 238 students was divided into 2 subgroups: the obese group at increased risk for CVD (Group 1) and the group at lower risk for CVD (Group 2). AST, ALT and γGT activities were determined in fasting blood samples. Results: Statistical processing data revealed significantly higher values of AST, ALT and γGT in the group of students with BMI>25 kg/m2, WC>94 cm for males and WC>80 cm for females, HC>108 cm for males and HC>111 cm for females, and WHR>0.90 for males and WHR>0.80 for females (P<0.001). Significant association was established between anthropometric parameters and liver enzyme levels (P<0.0001). Conclusions: Obese students with higher BMI, WC, HC and WHR values have higher liver enzyme activites and a higher chance to develop NAFLD in the future.

scholarly journals Changes in Children’s Body Composition and Posture during Puberty Growth

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Wojciech Rusek ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
Justyna Leszczak ◽  
Marzena Adamczyk ◽  
Rafał Baran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pelvic Obliquity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

The main goal of our study was to determine how the age of children, puberty and anthropometric parameters affect the formation of body composition and faulty body posture development in children. The secondary goal was to determine in which body segments abnormalities most often occur and how gender differentiates the occurrence of adverse changes in children’s body posture and body composition during puberty. The study group consisted of 464 schoolchildren aged from 6–16. Body posture was assessed with the Zebris system. The composition of the body mass was tested with Tanita MC 780 MA body mass analyzer and the body height was measured using a portable stadiometer PORTSTAND 210. The participants were further divided due to the age of puberty. Tanner division was adopted. The cut-off age for girls is ≥10 years and for boys it is ≥12 years. The analyses applied descriptive statistics, the Pearson correlation, stepwise regression analysis and the t-test. The accepted level of significance was p < 0.05. The pelvic obliquity was lower in older children (beta = −0.15). We also see that age played a significant role in the difference in the height of the right pelvis (beta = −0.28), and the difference in the height of the right shoulder (beta = 0.23). Regression analysis showed that the content of adipose tissue (FAT%) increased with body mass index (BMI) and decreased with increasing weight, age, and height. Moreover, the FAT% was lower in boys than in girls (beta negative equal to −0.39). It turned out that older children (puberty), had greater asymmetry in the right shoulder blade (p < 0.001) and right shoulder (p = 0.003). On the other hand, younger children (who were still before puberty) had greater anomalies in the left trunk inclination (p = 0.048) as well as in the pelvic obliquity (p = 0.008). Girls in puberty were characterized by greater asymmetry on the right side, including the shoulders (p = 0.001), the scapula (p = 0.001) and the pelvis (p < 0.001). In boys, the problem related only to the asymmetry of the shoulder blades (p < 0.001). Girls were characterized by a greater increase in adipose tissue and boys by muscle tissue. Significant differences also appeared in the body posture of the examined children. Greater asymmetry within scapulas and shoulders were seen in children during puberty. Therefore, a growing child should be closely monitored to protect them from the adverse consequences of poor posture or excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in the body.

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