scholarly journals Content and chemical composition of the essential oil of Lippia gracilis Schauer accessions in different drying times

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Oliveira de Melo ◽  
Arie Fitzgerald Blank ◽  
Alisson Marcel Souza de Oliveira ◽  
Thiago Matos Andrade ◽  
Maria de Fátima Arrigoni-Blank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Lippia gracilis, popularly known in Brazil as ‘alecrim-de-tabuleiro’, is used for many purposes, especially as antimicrobial and antiseptic. The drying process of aromatic and medicinal plants aims to minimize the loss of active principles and slow their deterioration, which may greatly influence the yield and chemical composition of some species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of drying times (0, 2, 4, and 8 days) on the content and chemical composition of the essential oil of L. gracilis accessions LGRA-106, LGRA-109, and LGRA-201. The leaves were dried at 40 oC, and essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical analysis was performed by GC/MS. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications. The accessions of L. gracilis LGRA-106, LGRA-109, and LGRA-201 presented higher essential oil at four days of drying time. The accession LGRA-201 showed the highest essential oil yields at four and eight days of drying, with mean values of 0.038 and 0.029 mL g-1, respectively. The drying time did not influence the contents of thymol, methyl-thymol, γ-terpinene, and carvacrol in the essential oils of L. gracilis, but affected the contents of β-caryophyllene, p-cymene, and carvacrol acetate. The essential oils of the three accessions analyzed in this study revealed different chemical profiles.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of essential oil extracted from leaves of Campomanesia adamantium subjected to different hydrodistillation times

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Dantas de Oliveira ◽  
Daniely Karen Matias Alves ◽  
Mayker Lazaro Dantas Miranda ◽  
José Milton Alves ◽  
Marcelo Nogueira Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: Campomanesia adamantium is a native fruit species of the Cerrado and is used in food and medicines and as bee pasture. The chemical composition of essential oils obtained from plants of the same species have varying constituent proportions due to the influence of extractive factors, environmental, genetic and ontogenetic. This study aimed to identify the influence of hydrodistillation time on the content and chemical composition of essential oil extracted from the leaves of C. adamantium . Treatments consisted of five extraction times (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5h) using Clevenger with five replications in a completely randomized design. It was observed that after two hours of hydrodistillation, the essential oil content remains constant. Regarding the chemical constituents of essential oil, variation of the proportions of the compounds tested occurred at all hydrodistillation times. The compounds spathulenol oxygenated sesquiterpenes and caryophyllene oxide were the majority in the five hydrodistillation times.

scholarly journals Essential Oils of Morus alba and M. nigra Leaves: Effect of Drying on the Chemical Composition

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Niko S. Radulović ◽  
Vojkan M. Miljković ◽  
Marko Z. Mladenović ◽  
Goran S. Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rare Plant ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Geranyl Acetone ◽  
Peak Areas ◽  
Plant Metabolite

Detailed GC and GC/MS analyses of essential-oil samples obtained by hydrodistillation of Morus alba L. and M. nigra L. leaves (four samples) allowed the identification of 131 constituents representing 95.1 – 96.4% of the total GC peak areas. The most abundant compounds classes were alkanes, diterpenoids, carotenoid-derived compounds and fatty acid-related constituents with trans-phytol (7.9 – 71.2%), ( E,E)-geranyl linalool (0.2 – 8.0%), ( Z)-bovolide (8.1%) and n-chain alkanes (in total, 17.5 – 52.4%) as the major constituents of the analyzed samples. In general, there were only quantitative differences noted between M. nigra essential oils from fresh and dry leaves. The most discernable changes included a variation in the content of the major constituents (e.g. the relative amount of trans-phytol and the total amount of alkanes decreased by 5.8% and ≈ 2%, respectively, while that of ( E,E)-geranyl linalool increased by 7.8%). On the other hand, the composition of M. alba essential oil was much more significantly affected by the drying process. The highest quantitative differences were noted for trans-phytol, geranyl acetone, and all isomers of 4,6,8-megastigmatrien-3-one. Also, a rare plant metabolite, ( Z)-bovolide, characteristic of leaf senescence, was only identified (8.1%) in the essential oil of M. alba dried leaves.

Dehydration of Fermented Manioc Rasp

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Luís Eugênio Lessa Bulhões ◽  
Rogério Teixeira Duarte ◽  
Cícero Luiz Calazans De Lima ◽  
Maria José de Holanda Leite ◽  
Igor Cavalcante Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Brix Degree

The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of the Ripa enriched with urea, yeast and sugar cane molasses, fermented and subjected to the drying process. Using as parameters: moisture content, Brix, pH, acidity and protein content. We used a completely randomized design with ten replications, two treatments and one control. The model included non-fermented (RNFM) and fermented (RFM) treatments of the variety of Rosinha cassava. Fermentation was performed during 132 hours under ambient conditions, with a 10% yeast treatment (w/V), 4% Urea (w/V) and 20% molasses (w/V) and the other 70 ml of distilled water. Regarding the moisture content of the material after the dehydration period, mean values between 46.42% and 58.33% were observed. The Brix degree of the water treatment and the control samples did not differ, however, differed from the treatment urea + molasses + yeast, which presented the highest values of this parameter. The pH averages ranged from 4.49 to 7.85, differing statistically. Titratable acidity ranged from 1.760 to 14.040. A considerable gain of crude protein was observed in the treatment urea + molasses + yeast, which was statistically higher than the others.

scholarly journals Characterization of the chemical composition of the essential oils from Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer 'terra-fria' and Annona squamosa L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (spe1) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Girotto Campos ◽  
Daniel Baron ◽  
Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques ◽  
Gisela Ferreira ◽  
Carmen Silvia Fernandes Boaro
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Annona Squamosa ◽  
Chemical Profiles

The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of the essential oil from the leaves of Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer 'terra-fria' and Annona squamosa L. The species were grown in a greenhouse for 18 months, which nutrient solution was applied weekly; the plants were then harvested and the leaves dried to extract the essential oil. The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to study its chemical profiles. Eleven substances were found in the essential oil of A. emarginata, primarily (E)-caryophyllene (29.29%), (Z)-caryophyllene (16.86%), γ-muurolene (7.54%), α-pinene (13.86%), and tricyclene (10.04%). Ten substances were detected in the oil from A. squamosa, primarily (E)-caryophyllene (28.71%), (Z)-caryophyllene (14.46%), α-humulene (4.41%), camphene (18.10%), α-pinene (7.37%), β-pinene (8.71%), and longifolene (5.64%). Six substances were common to both species: (E)-caryophyllene, (Z)-caryophyllene, α-humulene, camphene, α-pinene, and β-pinene.

scholarly journals AROMATHERAPY OIL MASSAGE FORMULATION FROM ESSENTIAL OIL: TUBEROSE FLOWER (Polianthes tuberosa) AND LIME OIL (Citrus aurantifolia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Andrew Setiawan Rusdianto ◽  
Andi Eko Wiyono ◽  
Felly Halsa Fiana
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Oil Formulation ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Difference

Aromatherapy is a therapy that utilizes steam from the essential oils of certain plants. Essential oils are oils produced from plant parts, such as roots, bark, stems, flowers, leaves, and seeds that have volatile properties at room temperature without undergoing decomposition by means of distillation. This study aims to determine the effect of a comparison of the concentration level of essential oils on physical properties and consumer preferences and to find out the aromatherapy massage oil formulation that produces the best massage oil. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 1 factor, namely the difference in the ratio of the essential oil of the nightly flower to the essential oil of lime. The experiment was carried out 2 times. The usual dilution was 1 ml of essential oil in 50 ml of carrier oil. The treatments are P1 (0.2 ml of nightly essential oil: 0.8 ml of lime essential oil), P2 (0.4 ml of nightly essential oil: 0.6 ml of lime essential oil), P3 (0.5 ml nightly essential oils: 0.5 ml lime essential oil, P4 (0.6 ml nightly essential oils: 0.4 ml lime essential oil), and P5 (0.8 ml nightly essential oils), 2 ml of lime essential oil). The parameters observed were pH, specific gravity, viscosity, refractive index, color, and hedonic test.

scholarly journals Harvest time and plant age on the content and chemical composition of the essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martiely S Santos ◽  
Caroline N Jezler ◽  
Ariana RMF de Oliveira ◽  
Rosilene A Oliveira ◽  
Marcelo S Mielke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Biosynthetic Activity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Alpinia Zerumbet

Alpinia zerumbet is an aromatic and medicinal plant rich in essential oil, known as colônia. Essential oils are derived from secondary metabolism and may be a source of raw materials for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food and perfumery industry. The plant secondary metabolism and biosynthetic activity can vary according to endogenous and exogenous factors to which it is exposed. In this context, in this study we evaluated the influence of harvest time and plant age of Alpinia zerumbet on biomass and essential oil production. For the harvest time experiment the plants of A. zerumbet were harvested at different times (8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 h), using a completely randomized design with four replications. In the plant age experiment the seedlings were propagated by division of rhizomes and grown in a completely randomized design with treatments consisting of four ages (3, 6, 9 and 12 months after transplanting), with seven replications. The extractions of the essential oil were performed by oil hydrodistillation in Clevenger apparatus and chemical analysis by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (CG-MS). There was an effect of harvest time on the essential oil content with the highest value (0.48%) found at 14:33 h with no change in the chemical composition. In relation to plant age, there was a significant increase in aboveground biomass of plants, accompanied by increases in height, number of shoots, and essential oil content and yield. The major compound terpinen-4-ol was present in higher concentrations in plants harvested between six and nine months old.

scholarly journals Toxicity and repellency of essential oils in the management of Sitophilus zeamais

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice M. N. de Araújo ◽  
José V. de Oliveira ◽  
Solange M. França ◽  
Daniela M. do A. F. Navarro ◽  
Douglas R. e S. Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT This study had the following objectives: to identify and quantify the constituent compounds of essential oils from Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt, Eucalyptus globulus Labill., Eucalyptus staigeriana F. Muell. ex F.M. Bailey, Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Ocimum basilicum L., Ocimum gratissimum L., and Piper hispidinervum C. DC., investigate their toxicity and repellency to S. zeamais and evaluate the toxicity of P. hispidinervum to immature S. zeamais. Individual tests for each essential oil were conducted with a completely randomized design with five concentrations for each oil and four replicates. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed the presence of citronellal in C. winterianus, 1,8-cineole in E. globulus, limonene in E. staigeriana, limonene in F. vulgare, linalool in O. basilicum, (E)-anethole in O. gratissimum, and safrole in P. hispidinervum. The median lethal concentration required to kill 50% of the insect (LC50) in contact and ingestion toxicity tests ranged from 5.12 to 78.89 μL 40g-1 corn in P. hispidinervum and C. winterianus, respectively. In adult fumigation tests, the LC50 ranged from 2.1 to 19.4 µL L-1 air, and in immature fumigation tests, the egg stage was susceptible to essential oil, whereas larval and pupal phases were tolerant. All of the oils repelled S. zeamais.

STUDY ON PROCESSING OF DRIED CHILI INTO BLOCK CHILI

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Khaeruddin Hidayat ◽  
Muhammad Syaiful ◽  
Kurnia Herlina Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The research objective is to obtain the drying period of various capacities dryer to reach the best moisture content in the process of blocks dried chili production and gaining the consumer acceptance to the product. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors: the capacity of the material and the drying time and three times repetition. The measured parameters were changes of weight during drying process, moisture content, organoleptic tests and levels of acidity (pH). The results showed that the drying periods with best moisture in the process of blocks dried chili production are drying for 8 hours at capacity of 0.3 g/cm2, 10 hours at a capacity of 0.5 g/cm2 and 10 hours at a capacity of 1 g/cm2. The highest consumer acceptance to the product for the color, aroma and overall attributes is on the blocks dried chili with a water content of 41-60%, while for the aroma is on the blocks dried chili with a water content of 61-80%.

scholarly journals Composição química dos óleos essenciais de Schinus molle e atividade antifúngica em Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Pereira de Menezes Filho ◽  
Wendel Cruvinel de Sousa ◽  
Carlos Frederico de Souza Castro
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Great Efficacy ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Type Apparatus

Schinus molleis popularly known as aroeira-salsa, with aromaticleaves and branches. The present study wasto evaluate the chemical composition ofthe essential oils fromthe branches and leaves from S. molleand,antifungal activity on the isolate fromSclerotinia sclerotiorum(white mold).The branches and leaves were collected and processed to extractessential oils by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus. The yields from essential oils extraction,and their chemical profiles were evaluated by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry.The essential oils yields were 0.21 and 0.37%, with 16 and 21 compounds identified for the essential oils of the branches and leaves, respectively. The major compounds were δ-cadiene 21.77%, viridiflorol 21.74, copaene 12.9% and caryophyllene 9.99% for the essential oil of the branches, for essential oil of the leavesgermacrene D 39.00%, α-pinene 14.77%,and germacrene B 6.25%.The antifungal activity had mycelial inhibition in S. sclerotiorumin allevaluatedconcentrations, with emphasis on 100 μLmL-1,which had inhibition from86.4 and 81.3% for branches and leaves, respectively. The essential oils fromS. mollehad good yields and are rich in monoterpenics and sesquiterpenicscompounds, and have great efficacy inantifungal activity.

scholarly journals REPELLENCY OF CELERY ESSENTIAL OILS (Apium graveolens L.) AGAINST Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) IN THE LABORATORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Trisnani Alif ◽  
Fita Fitriatul Wahidah
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Herbivorous Insects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Repellency of celery essential oil (Apium graveolens L.) against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in thelaboratory. Essential oil is one of the ingredients that has repellent ability to herbivorous insects. Celery is one of plantscontaining essential oil which may also have the repellent ability. This study was aimed to determine the differences in therepellent ability of celery essential oils compounds that were taken from 3 different locations against S. frugiperda in thelaboratory. This research was arranged in a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factorwas the origin of the celery plants (Malang, Surabaya, and Lamongan) and the second factor was the concentration level ofessential oils (1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm) which was repeated three times. The reliability test was carried out using filter papermethod. The results showed that the essential oil extracted from celery originated from Malang with 3000 ppm concentrationhad the highest percentage level of repellency (level 5) that reached 93.33% of repellency. Location and concentration factorshad no different effect on S. frugiperda larvae repellency. There was no correlation between location and concentration on therepellency of S. frugiperda larvae.

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