scholarly journals Biological activities and phytochemical screening of leaf extracts from Zanthoxylum caribaeum L. (Rutaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliete Gomes de Lara de Souza ◽  
Fabiana Gisele da Silva Pinto ◽  
Adrieli Gorlin Toledo ◽  
Luis Francisco Angeli Alves ◽  
Dejane Santos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Dermanyssus Gallinae ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

The Brazilian flora is known for its vast biodiversity; however, many species have been still little studied regarding to their chemical composition and biological potential. Thus, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial, antioxidant and acaricidal activity of the extracts of leaves of Zanthoxylum caribaeum L. In addition, phytochemical screening of these extracts was carried out to determine the main classes of secondary metabolites present in Z. caribaeum.  Using the Z. caribaeum leaves, the aqueous extract and extracts were obtained in organic solvents (ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The antimicrobial activity of extracts was determined by broth microdilution method, and to detect antioxidant activity the method of capturing the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) was used. The acaricidal activity of the extracts was tested on Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer) (Acari: Dermanissidae). Ethanolic and methanolic extracts presented antimicrobial activity for most of the bacterial strains tested, as well as for yeast Candida albicans. The ethanolic extract presented high free radical sequestration potential (71.2%) and antioxidant capacity (the lowest IC50 value - 24.39 μg mL-1). The extracts obtained with methanol and acetone were the most promising. In general, phytochemical screening indicated the presence of steroids, flavanones, flavones, flavonols, saponins, tannins, triterpenoids and xanthones.

Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf Extracts ofAmomum nilgiricum(Thomas) (Zingiberaceae)from Western Ghats, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narasimha Murthy Konappa ◽  
Chandra Nayaka Siddaiah ◽  
Soumya Krishnamurthy ◽  
Brijesh Singh ◽  
Niranjana Siddapura Ramachandrappa
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts

scholarly journals Bioactivity and Volatile Profiling of Azadirachta indica Leaves for the Management of Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch.) Infestations

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G.W.U. Perera ◽  
M.M.S.C. Karunaratne ◽  
S.D.M. Chinthaka
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Solid Phase Micro Extraction ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Maize Weevil ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Wide Range

Neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss), is known to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties and is thus commercially exploitable. Apart from its medicinal potential, a considerable progress has been achieved regarding biological potential and chemical composition of the leaves which is an ever-increasing interest to the scientific community. During this study, biological phenomena and secondary metabolite composition of A. indica leaves were examined in the management of Sitophilus zeamais on stored maize. Insecticidal and repellent potential of A. indica leaf powders were evaluated in both contact and fumigant forms. Phytochemical screening of 11 phyto constituents was performed following the standard procedures for n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and aqueous leaf extracts. Volatile profile of A. indica leaves was characterized by employing headspace-solid-phase micro extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS). Over 60% weevil repellency was recorded at doses above 23.33%, whereas 100% and 67% contact and fumigation mortalities were observed respectively, 9 days after treatment at the dose of 33.33% and the respected LD50 values were 1.56 g and 4.48 g. Thirty two volatile compounds were identified in three distinct chemical classes (Monoterpenoid, sesquiterpenoid and purine nucleosides). γ-Elemene (24.06%), 3,7 (11)-eudesmadiene (6.83%), caryophyllene (6.40%), and 10s,11s-himachala-3(12),4-diene (6.36%) were the major constituents of neem leaf volatiles, followed by other compounds present in less than 4% which might be responsible for varied biological activities observed. Thus the odour impact of the bioassayguided study clearly implies that A. indica leaves can be harnessed against S. zeamais infestations.Keywords: Azadirachta indica, Sitophilus zeamais, headspace-solid-phase micro-extraction, insecticidal activity, repellency

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
A. Elaiyaraja ◽  
G. Chandramohan ◽  
J. Mariajancyrani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Indigenous Medicine ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Body Ache

Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler is a bulbous herb which has widely used in indigenous medicine for many diseases; mainly leaf and bulb extracts are of medicinal importance. Leaf extract is used as a treatment for pimples, body-ache, dropsy, carbuncle, paronychia, leprosy, fever and diarrhoea. The bulbs are crushed and applied on to piles and itching. The present study to determine the possible phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of various leaf extracts of Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler plant. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence different types compound like flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, saponins and glycosides. The ethanol, methanol and crude extracts of Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler showed significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus vulgaris and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus when compare to different concentrations (μg/mL). The antimicrobial potential of test compounds was determined on the basis of mean diameter of zone of inhibition around the disk in millimetres. Thus, the present findings revealed the medicinal potential of Crinum defixum Ker - Gawler to develop a drug against various human ailments.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and phytochemical prospection of Eugenia involucrata DC. leaf extracts

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Toledo ◽  
J. G. de L. de Souza ◽  
C. B. Santana ◽  
A. P. Mallmann ◽  
C. V. dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Sequestration Potential ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Organic Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Promising Source

Abstract The species Eugenia involucrata DC. is a plant native to Brazil and is traditionally used for intestinal problems, however, little research has documented about its biological potential and phytochemical profile. Thus, the objective of this study was to carry out preliminary phytochemical prospecting, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of E. involucrata extracts. Using the E. involucrata leaves, aqueous and organic extracts were obtained using the following solvents (ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The phytochemical prospecting detected the presence of saponins, steroids, flavonoids and tannins in the extracts. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts presented antimicrobial activity for most of the bacterial strains tested, as well as for yeast Candida albicans, with concentrations between 3.12 and 50 mg/mL. The ethanolic and metanolic extract presented high free radical sequestration potential (>90%). The methanol extract showed an IC50 value statistically equal to that found for the commercial antioxidant BHT (p <0.05). The crude extracts obtained with ethanol and methanol were the most promising. These results suggest that methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts are a promising source of natural bioactive.

Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Haematostaphis barteri

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 036-042
Author(s):  
Ushie OA ◽  
Iyen SI ◽  
Longbab BD ◽  
Ama SO ◽  
Azuaga TI
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Polar Solvent ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Exhaustive Extraction ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The aim of this work was to carry out the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of Haematostaphis barteri. The method of cold maceration was used in the extraction by serial exhaustive extraction method which involves successive extraction with solvents of increasing polarity from a non-polar (hexane) to a more polar solvent (methanol) to ensure that a wide polarity range of compound could be extracted. The results showed that flavonoids, terpenes, terpenes, tannins, and saponins are present in all the leaf extracts. The result of the antimicrobial activity obtained from the extracts of the leaf of Haematostaphis barteri revealed that all the crude extracts of the leaf inhibited or exhibited antibacterial activity against Salmonella paratyphi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Penicillium spp. All the extracts did demonstrate antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger. The plant H. barteri is commonly used traditionally for the treatment of diarrhoea, wound, headache, malaria, dysentery and fevers. The overall results confirm the significance of the use of the plant in traditional medicinal treatment of diarrhea, wound, headache, malaria, dysentery and fevers, in line with reported claims.

scholarly journals Screening of phytochemical compounds, trace metals and antimicrobial activity of Anacyclus pyrethrum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Subasri ◽  
S. Ahmed John
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Positive Results

In the present study is phytochemicals, trace metals and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum. The phytochemical screening of the crude ethanolic root, stem and leaf extracts showed the positive results of steroids, triterpenes, reducing sugar, sugar, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponin, tannins, anthraquinones and amino acids. The average mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn in plant sample were BDL, 0.03, 0.42, 0.79, BDL, BDL and 0.58 mg kg-1, respectively. The descending order of the metal content in the plant sample were: Zn > Fe > Cu > Cd > Cr = Ni = Pb. Among various part of plant extracts studied for antimicrobial activity, root ethanolic extract showed highest of inhibition than leaves and stem ethanolic extracts.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening of Phthirusa pyrifolia leaf extracts: Free-radical scavenging activities and environmental toxicity

2015 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romero M.P.B. Costa ◽  
Antônio F.M. Vaz ◽  
Haroudo S. Xavier ◽  
Maria T.S. Correia ◽  
Maria G. Carneiro-da-Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Environmental Toxicity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activities

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF ALTERNANTHERA BRASILIANA (L). KUNTZE AND ALTERNANTHERA BETTZICKIANA REGEL.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Kasthuri O R ◽  
Ramesh B
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

Objectives: The present study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents and in vitro antioxidant activities of leaf extracts of Alternanthera brasiliana (L). Kuntze (A. brasiliana) and Alternanthera bettzickiana regel (A. bettzickiana).Methods: Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed in petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol, hydroethanolic and water extracts of leaves of A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana. The level of alkaloids, flavonoids, total phenolic content, tannins, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, GSH, and total proteins were determined in hydroethanolic, ethanol, and water extracts. Antioxidant activity of the hydroethanolic leaf extracts of A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana were determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate free radical scavenging assay, nitric oxide scavenging assay, superoxide anion scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, total antioxidant capacity, and reducing power assay.Results: The phytochemical screening of six different extracts of A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana revealed the presence of various phytonutrients. Quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites in ethanol, hydroethanolic and water extracts of leaves of A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana showed the presence of high amount of secondary metabolites in the hydroethanolic extract. In vitro, antioxidant assay of two plant extracts revealed that A. bettzickiana was more potent than A. brasiliana in scavenging free radicals.Conclusion: The different extracts from A. brasiliana and A. bettzickiana and specifically the hydroethanolic extract of A. bettzickiana revealed several properties such as rich source of phytonutrients, higher free radical scavenging properties, and significant antioxidant capabilities. Therefore, the bioactive compound should be isolated in future studies and could be used as a safe and serve as a potential source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Activity-Guided Isolation from Achillea monocephala, and Biological Activities of its Different Extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Turgut Taşkın ◽  
Eray M. Güler ◽  
Şeyda Şentürk ◽  
Damla D. Çelik ◽  
Turan Arabacı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Biological Potential

Background: The genus Achillea is one of the most important genus of the Asteraceae family and many species of Achillea are used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments. Aim: The aim of the current research was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxic activities of n-hexan, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts and to isolate the active compounds from the extract showing the strongest cytotoxic activity. In addition to this, it was aimed to evaluate the biological activities (cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-urease, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial) of different extracts and active compounds from Achillea monocephala. Methods and Materials: The in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-urease, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial activities of different extracts from A. monocephala aerial parts were examined. The structures of the active compounds were determined by NMR techniques, UV, IR and LC-MS/MS analysis and their biological potential was examined. Results: The chloroform extract showed strong and selective cytotoxic activity on the cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7). Besides, this extract exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity than other extracts. Therefore, through activity-guided procedures, luteolin, naringenin and 8-hydroxy-salvigenin compounds were isolated from this extract. The methanol extract showed stronger antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC) and anticholinesterase activity than other extracts. The n-hexan extract exhibited the highest anti-urease activity. In this study, it was determined that the isolated compounds had a strong biological activity. Naringenin compound had stronger ABTS radical cation scavenging and ferric reducing/antioxidant power, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity than other compounds. 8-hydroxy-salvigenin compound showed the highest urease and acetylcholinestease enzyme inhibition. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the extracts and isolated compounds from the A. monocephala may be used as antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-urease, anticholinesterase and antimicrobial agents in the future.

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