scholarly journals Effect of heavy metals on stem anatomical characteristics of Trapa natans L. from Skadar Lake (Montenegro)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. e37083
Author(s):  
Dragana Petrović ◽  
Slađana Krivokapić ◽  
Goran Anačkov ◽  
Jadranka Luković
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Trapa Natans ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

This study aimed to analyze stem anatomical characteristics of Trapa natans from five Skadar Lake locations (L1 - Milovića bay, L2 – inflow of the Morača river, L3 - Kamenik, L4 - Grmožur, L5 - Lipovik) with different concentrations of Cu, Mn, Zn, Co and Pb, during the summer period of the year 2012. Cross sections of stem were made using cryotechnic procedure. For all analyzed quantitative anatomical parameters, the minimum values at the location L2 were recorded, with the presence of maximum content for all investigated metals in stem of Trapa natans. On the other hand, except for cobalt, at the location L4 the minimum concentration for all investigated metals were recorded. Plants collected from this location have the largest average values of the most measured anatomical parameters. The results of Discriminant Analysis showed that plants from different location could be clearly classified into three groups according to their stem quantitative anatomical characteristics which corresponds with heavy metals content. Our research also showed that there is no statistically significant correlation between the content of most investigated metals (Co, Cu, Pb and Zn) and the values of anatomical parameters. Statistically significant negative correlation was found between Mn content in stem and values of two anatomical characters (stem cross-sectional area and Mn content, r = - 0.88; p < 0.05; number of hypodermal cell layers and Mn content, r = - 0.90; p < 0.05).  

scholarly journals Anatomical characteristics of two Ornithogalum L. (Hyacinthaceae) taxa from Serbia and Hungary and their taxonomic implication

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrijana M. Andrić ◽  
Milica M. Rat ◽  
Lana N. Zorić ◽  
Jadranka Ž. Luković
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Anatomical Characteristics ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Taxonomic Implication ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Abstract Anatomical characters of two morphologically similar Ornithogalum taxa, O. umbellatum and O. divergens, were investigated. An analysis of leaf and scapus cross-sections was performed on plants from ten populations from Serbia and Hungary, using light microscopy. The aim of this research was to give data about the qualitative and quantitative anatomical characteristics of these taxa, in order to evaluate their taxonomic significance and single out distinctive anatomical features, as well as to contribute to the knowledge of the genus Ornithogalum in the studied region. On the basis of the variability of anatomical characters, similar populations formed two clusters, joining the plants previously determined as O. divergens and O. umbellatum. The two taxa significantly differed for most of the quantitative leaf and scapus characters. Since only quantitative differences were recorded in this research, anatomical characters could not be solely used to separate these two taxa. However, the results of anatomical investigations are consistent with the results of previous morphological and genetic analyses; therefore anatomical parameters could be useful as additional taxonomic characters.

scholarly journals 116 ANATOMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY OF EIGHT Fragaria chiloensis GENOTYPES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 445a-445
Author(s):  
Paul W. Foote ◽  
J. Scott Cameron ◽  
Stephen F. Klauer
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Palisade Cell ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

Leaf-area based CO2 assimilation rate (ALA as an Indicator of genotypic differences in photosynthetic capacity is questioned on the basis of correlations found between ALA and specific leaf weight and small leaf size. To address this question of photosynthetic apparatus concentration In F. chiloensis genotypes differing significantly in ALA, visual image analysis software was used to quantify a number of leaf anatomy parameters. In 1991 and 1992, after gas exchange measurements in the field, leaf tissue was prepared In cross-sections and leaf clearings for light microscopy. Cross-sections were used to measure internal anatomical parameters and clearings for vein and stomatal densities. Analysis of variance of 1991\92 measurements showed significant genotypic variation for leaf veination, leaf thickness, palisade cell length, cross-sectional area In mesophyll tissue and internal air space. Differences in stomatal density were observed in 1991. None of the anatomical parameters measured were correlated with ALA. This suggests that the concentration of physical apparatus Is not the major source of variation In ALA among these eight genotypes.

scholarly journals The Effect of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb Accumulation on Biochemical Parameters (Proline, Chlorophyll) in the Water Caltrop (Trapa natans L.), Lake Skadar, Montenegro

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1287
Author(s):  
Dragana Petrovic ◽  
Sladjana Krivokapic
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Trapa Natans ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

The aim of the present study is to investigate the bioaccumulation and translocation of various heavy metals, notably copper, zinc, cadmium and lead, in the different plant organs of Trapa natans L. (the root, stem, and leaf) at nine sampling locations, as well as examining the variability in proline accumulation and chlorophyll content due to these heavy metals. Our analysis shows the existence of a statistically significant positive correlation (r = 0.75; p < 0.05) between the Zn content and the accumulation of proline in the root of the examined species. On the other hand, a statistically significant negative correlation was registered between the content of chlorophyll a and the concentration of Zn in the leaf (r = −0.68; p < 0.05). This indicates that Trapa natans L. can be used in biomonitoring Zn-polluted aquatic ecosystems using proline and chlorophyll as sensitive biomarkers.

scholarly journals Determination of some heavy metals concentration in species animal meat (sheep, beef, turkey, and ostrich) and carcinogenic health risk assessment in Kurdistan province, western Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Raeeszadeh ◽  
Hamed Gravandi ◽  
Abolfazl Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meat Samples

Abstract Accumulation of heavy metals in food as one of the environmental pollutants due to the development of urban industries and human activities, is one of the threats to public health. The purpose of this study, as the first report in Sanandaj, one of the strategic cities of western Iran, was to investigate the concentration of heavy metals in the meat of different species of sheep, calves, turkeys and ostriches. In a cross-sectional study, the content of selenium, lead, cadmium, arsenic, cobalt, zinc, nickel, copper, and chromium in 170 meat samples prepared from meat distribution centers in Sanandaj was investigated. The content of these elements was measured by the ICP-MS method in the meat of beef, sheep, turkey, and ostrich. Data were analyzed using parametric tests of ANOVA and one-sample t-test, and the correlation coefficient and the relationship among the concentration of metals were also calculated and compared in studied species. The results showed that the mean content of selenium, nickel, cobalt, and chromium in the studied species did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05). However, the mean content of lead, cadmium, arsenic, zinc, and copper showed a significant difference (P < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was also found between cadmium and selenium in turkey meat. With the exception of copper and selenium, the concentrations of other metals were higher than allowed in the meat of the studied species. The Target Risk (TR) of cancer for lead, cadmium, and arsenic in some species studied was higher than allowed (more than 10− 4). Due to the excessive accumulation of carcinogenic heavy metals in sheep, beef, turkey, and ostrich meat, it is necessary to monitor and remove barriers to environmental pollutants.

Gender determination of caucasoid hair using image analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
T.B. Ball ◽  
W.M. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Morphological Differences

It has been demonstrated that cross sections of bundles of hair can be effectively studied using image analysis. These studies can help to elucidate morphological differences of hair from one region of the body to another. The purpose of the present investigation was to use image analysis to determine whether morphological differences could be demonstrated between male and female human Caucasian terminal scalp hair.Hair samples were taken from the back of the head from 18 caucasoid males and 13 caucasoid females (Figs. 1-2). Bundles of 50 hairs were processed for cross-sectional examination and then analyzed using Prism Image Analysis software on a Macintosh llci computer. Twenty morphological parameters of size and shape were evaluated for each hair cross-section. The size parameters evaluated were area, convex area, perimeter, convex perimeter, length, breadth, fiber length, width, equivalent diameter, and inscribed radius. The shape parameters considered were formfactor, roundness, convexity, solidity, compactness, aspect ratio, elongation, curl, and fractal dimension.

Association between heavy metals and depression, anxiety, and panic: A cross-sectional study

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parker Woody ◽  
Michael Zhang ◽  
Craig Pulsipher ◽  
Dawson Hedges ◽  
Bruce Brown
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Automated 3D measurement of fiber cross section morphology in handsheets

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lorbach ◽  
Ulrich Hirn ◽  
Johannes Kritzinger ◽  
Wolfgang Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
3D Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fiber Cross Section ◽  
Fiber Wall ◽  
Sectional Shape ◽  
Cross Section Geometry

Abstract We present a method for 3D measurement of fiber cross sectional morphology from handsheets. An automated procedure is used to acquire 3D datasets of fiber cross sectional images using an automated microtome and light microscopy. The fiber cross section geometry is extracted using digital image analysis. Simple sample preparation and highly automated image acquisition and image analysis are providing an efficient tool to analyze large samples. It is demonstrated that if fibers are tilted towards the image plane the images of fiber cross sections are always larger than the true fiber cross section geometry. In our analysis the tilting angles of the fibers to the image plane are measured. The resulting fiber cross sectional images are distorted to compensate the error due to fiber tilt, restoring the true fiber cross sectional shape. We use an approximated correction, the paper provides error estimates of the approximation. Measurement results for fiber wall thickness, fiber coarseness and fiber collapse are presented for one hardwood and one softwood pulp.

scholarly journals Environmental and Air Pollution Factors Affecting Allergic Eye Disease in Children and Adolescents in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5611
Author(s):  
Anthony Vipin Das ◽  
Sayan Basu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Ground Level Ozone

The aim of this study was to describe the correlation between the meteorological and air pollution parameters with the temporal pattern of presentation of recent onset allergic eye disease (AED). This cross-sectional hospital-based study included new patients (≤21 years of age) presenting between January 2016 and August 2018 from the district of Hyderabad with a clinical diagnosis of AED and an acute exacerbation of recent onset of symptoms of less than 3 months duration. Correlation analysis was performed with the local environmental rainfall, temperature, humidity, windspeed, and air pollution. Of the 25,354 new patients hailing from the district of Hyderabad, 2494 (9.84%) patients were diagnosed with AED, of which 1062 (4.19%) patients had recent onset of symptoms. The mean monthly prevalence in this cohort was 4.13%, and the month of May (6.09%) showed the highest levels. The environmental parameters of humidity (r2 = 0.83/p = < 0.0001) and rainfall (r2 = 0.41/p = 0.0232) showed significant negative correlation, while temperature (r2 = 0.43/p = 0.0206) and ground-level ozone (r2 = 0.41/p = 0.0005) showed significant positive correlation with the temporal pattern of AED in the population. An increase in rainfall and humidity was associated with a lower prevalence, and an increase of temperature and ground-level ozone was associated with a higher prevalence of AED cases during the year among children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Thermo-Hydraulic Performance of U-Tube Borehole Heat Exchanger with Different Cross-Sections

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3255
Author(s):  
Aizhao Zhou ◽  
Xianwen Huang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Pengming Jiang ◽  
Xinwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heat Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Oval Tube

For reducing the initial GSHP investment, the heat transfer efficiency of the borehole heat exchange (BHE) system can be enhanced to reduce the number or depth of drilling. This paper proposes a novel and simple BHE design by changing the cross-sectional shape of the U-tube to increase the heat transfer efficiency of BHEs. Specifically, in this study, we (1) verified the reliability of the three-dimensional numerical model based on the thermal response test (TRT) and (2) compared the inlet and outlet temperatures of the different U-tubes at 48 h under the premise of constant leg distance and fluid area. Referent to the circular tube, the increases in the heat exchange efficiencies of the curved oval tube, flat oval tube, semicircle tube, and sector tube were 13.0%, 19.1%, 9.4%, and 14.8%, respectively. (3) The heat flux heterogeneity of the tubes on the inlet and outlet sides of the BHE, in decreasing order, is flat oval, semicircle, curved oval, sector, and circle shapes. (4) The temperature heterogeneity of the borehole wall in the BHE in decreasing order is circle, sector, curved oval, flat oval, and semicircle shapes. (5) Under the premise of maximum leg distance, referent to the heat resistance of the tube with a circle shape at 48 h, the heat exchange efficiency of the curved oval, flat oval, semicircle, and sector tubes increased 12.6%, 17.7%, 10.3%, and 7.8%, respectively. (6) We found that the adjustments of the leg distance and the tube shape affect the heat resistance by about 25% and 12%, respectively. (7) The flat-oval-shaped tube at the maximum leg distance was found to be the best tube design for BHEs.

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