scholarly journals O direito alternativo em tempos de (in)efetividade de direitos fundamentais / The alternative right in times of (in)effectiveness fundamental rights

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Humberto Neves ◽  
Christopher Abreu Ravagnani
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
State Model ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The One

Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a afirmação do Estado Democrático de Direito na Constituição Federal de 1988 (CF/88). Eis que surge um novo modelo de Estado, não mais somente aquele que regula ou providencia, mas também aquele capaz de produzir as transformações sociais previstas em seus objetivos fundamentais no art. 3º da CF/88. Assim, analisar-se-á a Constituição Federal como uma Lei Maior de caráter compromissório, mormente por estar ligada à dignidade da pessoa humana, sustentáculo do Estado Democrático de Direito. Neste sentido, o movimento do Direito Alternativo é apontado como instrumento capaz de produzir justiça social no Brasil.Abstract: This work has the objective to analyze the assertion of the Democratic State of Right in the Constitution of 1988 (CF/88), as a new state model, not only the one who regulates or provides, but also one capable of producing social, such as the fundamental objectives in art. 3º, CF/88. Thus, the Federal Constitution will be analyzed as a highest law of transformer character, especially because it is linked to human dignity, the basis of the Democratic State of Right. In this sense, the Alternative Law movement is pointed out as an instrument capable of producing social justice in Brazil.

scholarly journals Bioethics and Biolaw in the Vaccine against COVID 19 in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Aló Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Ethical Content ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right

The pandemic that was caused by COVID 19 made the world rethink ethical principles, morals, and justice, but always side by side with science. Never has bioethics been thought of so much, as a science that aims to provide the ethical content so that the human being is treated with dignity in the face of scientific techniques that concern life. Bio law as a branch of legal science reveals itself as an indispensable branch to the legal system, to regulate and reconcile biotechnological advances with the principle of human dignity, founded on democracy and the defense of fundamental rights. In the international sphere, the right to life is foreseen in art. 4 of the 1969 American Convention on Human Rights, a document that was ratified by Brazil and comes from the regional system. In the Brazilian legal system, the provision is in article 1, clause III, of the Federal Constitution of 1988, which established human dignity as the foundation of the Democratic State of Law, also regulating, in article 5, the right to life. Starting from these guidelines that the human being should not be considered a "thing", or an instrument, the thought, even if philosophical, can lead to important conclusions in the field of scientific experimentation, especially with what has been happening in relation to the vaccines for COVID-19, that even if approved by a committee and following international protocols, one cannot guarantee with them the absolute protection of human dignity, principles of bioethics and fundamental human values. And, because of these discussions, the courts are urged to manifest themselves about the refusals of workers to be vaccinated.

scholarly journals O Direito Fundamental Social à Saúde na Constituição de 1988: A Garantia da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana entre o Poder Judiciário e a Ponderação de Princípios

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cássio Guilherme Alves ◽  
Caroline Müller Bitencourt
Keyword(s):  
Human Person ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right

O DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL SOCIAL À SAÚDE NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DE 1988: A GARANTIA DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA ENTRE O PODER JUDICIÁRIO E A PONDERAÇÃO DE PRINCÍPIOS  The FUNDAMENTAL SOCIAL RIGHT to HEALTH IN THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION of 1988: the guarantee of HUMAN DIGNITY AMONG the judiciary and the BALANCE of PRINCIPLES  Cássio Guilherme Alves* Caroline Müller Bitencourt**  RESUMO: No presente estudo se buscará a análise da realização do direito fundamental social à saúde no Estado Democrático de Direito, haja vista sua proteção constitucional na Carta de 1988. Após o reconhecimento da saúde como direito fundamental social, imprescindível a criação de mecanismos que garantam sua concretização quando o Estado for ineficiente ou se negar à prestação material necessária. Para fins deste artigo será utilizado o método hipotético-dedutivo com análise das teorias da reserva do possível x mínimo existencial vinculado aos princípios de direitos fundamentais para a garantia do direito à saúde. Dessa forma, o Poder Judiciário enquanto poder constituído possui em sua natureza jurisdicional a competência e prerrogativa para compor conflitos, devendo decidir o caso concreto na esfera da jurisdição constitucional, evitando que sejam cometidos abusos e restrições contra os direitos fundamentais. Assim, o direito fundamental social à saúde possui estreita vinculação com a dignidade da pessoa humana, não sendo possível pensar em vida com dignidade com restrições a este direito. Nessa seara, o Poder Judiciário se apresenta como importante ator na concretização e garantia do direito à saúde quando o Poder Público for ineficiente na sua promoção, devendo agir através da jurisdição constitucional para, com o uso do instituto da ponderação, preservar os direitos fundamentais na garantia do mínimo existencial vinculado à dignidade da pessoa humana no Estado Democrático de Direito. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Dignidade da Pessoa Humana. Direito Fundamental Social à Saúde. Poder Judiciário. Ponderação de Princípios. ABSTRACT: In this study will seek to analyze the carry out of the fundamental social right to health in democratic State of law, its constitutional protection in 1988. After the recognition of health as a fundamental right, essential to the creation of mechanisms to ensure its implementation when the State is inefficient or refuse to provide necessary material. For the purposes of this article shall be used the hypothetical-deductive method with analysis of theories of possible x existential minimum linked to the fundamental rights to the guarantee of the right to health. In this way, the Judiciary while power constituted has the jurisdiction and prerogative Court nature to compose disputes, and decide the case in the sphere of constitutional jurisdiction, preventing are committed abuses and restrictions against fundamental rights. Thus, the fundamental social right health has close linkage with the dignity of the human person, it is not possible to think of life with dignity with restrictions on this right. In this field, the Judiciary presents itself as an important actor in the implementation and guarantee of the right to health when the Government is inefficient in its promotion and should act through the constitutional jurisdiction to, with the use of weighting Institute, preserving fundamental rights in existential minimum guarantee linked to the dignity of the human person in the democratic State of law. KEYWORDS: Dignity of the Human Person. Fundamental Social Right to the Health. Judiciary. Balance of Principles.  SUMÁRIO: Introdução. 1 A Saúde como um Direito Fundamental Social e sua Vinculação com a Dignidade da Pessoa Humana. 2 A Colisão de Direitos Fundamentais e a Ponderação de Princípios. Considerações Finais. Referências.* Mestrando do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Rio Grande do Sul.   ** Doutora em Direito pela Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Rio Grande do Sul. Professora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Rio Grande do Sul.

scholarly journals Philosophy of Justice in the Context of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Ludmila Sytnichenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Moral Good ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

This article investigates one of the major problems of modern political philosophy – the problem of justice in its fundamentally important methodological measurement in the Context of Ukraine. It’s consistently shown that justice belongs to a prominent place among the moral and social values: particularly its people owe to each other, because it is the scale, which measured freedom, equality and human rights.For this purpose it is analyzed the relationship and difference of methodological changes in grasping the concept of justice in the works of K-O-Apel, J.Habermas, O.Höffe, R.Forst. It was found that Habermas interprets a new essence of solidarity and justice as normative principles of a democratic state where the requirement of respect for the dignity of each based on the acceptance of the inviolability of his body, life and property. It is proved that O.Höffe draws attention to the need of fundamental changes in the understanding of social justice, emphasizing the pre-modern, paternalistic sense of distributive models. Іn the writings of R.Frost social justice gain a political dimension, just as political or social relationship can exist only in case of their full justification, respect for human dignity. In the latest theories of justice is said that the victim of injustice is firstly the one who is ignored both in the process of manufacturing and distribution of public goods. To conclude: only the justice of exchange permits us to solve the immediate, practical dilemma: should one hand over a part of one’s freedom to social, state, authoritative structures, or be independent of them and be unable to resort to their assistance in case of emergency. People, perforce, mutually abandon part of their freedom as legal agents in order to enjoy their right for freedom. If this abandonment is universal, such exchange may be considered just. By insisting that everything individual is also social because it requires and is embedded into social context, R.Forst presents intersubjectivity as a fundamental dimension of human existence that shows itself in our ability to self-determination, i.e. freedom, but within the limits of human community. Also his point is that our obligations are no less rooted in our existence than our rights, and law has no priority over good and depends on moral good as a defining factor of justice.

scholarly journals L'objet des droits constitutionnels à l'égalité

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Proulx
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Equality Rights ◽  
Additional Protection ◽  
The One ◽  
Collective Dimension ◽  
Substantial Equality ◽  
Special Protection

This article is exclusively devoted to enquiring into the purpose of equality rights guaranteed by sections 15 and 28 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. By first retracing the concept of equality from both a legal and philosophical perspective, the author comes to the conclusion that the juxtaposition of values of human dignity and social justice has brought on the most powerful change in the concept of equality. By invoking these two values in unison, authoritative writings, legislators and the courts have on the one hand, come to recognize the insufficiency of formal legal equality and thereby integrate the principle of substantial equality and have, on the other, conceived equality not merely with regard to individuals alone, but also by taking into account groups that society tends to neglect or dominate due to the existence of tenacious prejudices. The author then specifically examines the Canadian legal and socioeconomic context in search of the purpose of equality rights enshrined in the Charter of rights and shows that the addition of section 28 and the enumeration of grounds of discrimination to equality rights in s.s. 15(1) has as its purpose to provide additional protection to women and members of certain underprivileged groups. This special protection is indicative, in the author's view, of a clear constitutional choice in favour of a substantial conception of equality taking into account the collective dimension of discrimination.

scholarly journals Between fundamental rights and foundation: The position of human dignity in the Brazilian legal context

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 288-297
Author(s):  
Clovis Demarchi
Keyword(s):  
Social Organization ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
The One

The article focuses on Human Dignity and Fundamental Rights. The objective is to characterize Human Dignity as the foundation of Fundamental Rights. It is sought to demonstrate that the content of Human Dignity is the Fundamental Rights. The text is divided into five parts, initially with the proposal of creating a concept and the characterization for Human Dignity. In the next step, religious, political and philosophical elements of the idea of ​​dignity are discussed. Then, the dignity in the Brazilian legal system is discussed, and the same occurs with Fundamental Rights. At the end of the article, there is a confrontation between Human Dignity and Fundamental Rights showing their intertwining. It was concluded that Human Dignity imposes limits on the actions of any organism and form of political or social organization. It is the foundation that determines the role of the Fundamental Rights. It is the condition of the existence of the human being. It is up to Human Dignity to bring the essence of what characterizes the human being in the juridical-social order. On the one hand, Fundamental Rights guarantee the realization of Human Dignity; on the other hand, dignity is concretized when Fundamental Rights are realized. The inductive method was used and the research was bibliographic and documentary. Predefined paragraph styles

scholarly journals A BUSCA PELA REALIZAÇÃO DA DIGNIDADE DA PESSOA HUMANA NO INSTITUTO DA ADOÇÃO

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Sarah Carolina Colorado Borges ◽  
Ana Augusta Rodrigues Westin Ebaid
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Federal Constitution

The adoption institute has undergone numerous changes over the years, and from the 1988 Federal Constitution onwards, the most important innovations began to take effect. From that moment on, the adoption began to gain a significant new guise to protect the rights of children and adolescents. In the present work, through doctrinal and jurisprudential research, through books and articles, it aims to make an analysis of the history and adoption process, which is a subject that is always very relevant and discussed in society, bringing positive aspects, such as innovations. who shifted the focus from suitors to minors, and broughta greater guarantee to their rights; and negative aspects such as prejudices, late adoption and the slowness of our legal system. The methodology included bibliographic survey. The main focus is to analyze the adoption process based on the principles of human dignity found in our Charter, and the principles that govern the adoption institute, and how it has been applied in the daily lives of children and adolescents , to ensure their fundamental rights and family life.

scholarly journals DIGNIDADE, DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS E DIREITOS DA PERSONALIDADE: UMA PERSPECTIVA GARANTISTA PARA A DEMOCRACIA SUBSTANCIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (59) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
José Sebastião de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Diego Prezzi SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Popular Sovereignty ◽  
State Model ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Social Law ◽  
Personality Rights ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Right

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é pensar o constitucionalismo a partir da atividade da ponderação e do garantismo judiciário, visando atingir o Estado legal para o democrático e social de direito, por meio da análise da teoria do garantismo jurídico de Luigi Ferrajoli. Metodologia: O método utilizado é o dedutivo através de uma avaliação doutrinária de literatura jurídica nacional e estrangeira a respeito de conceitos de dignidade, constitucionalismo, ponderação e garantismo. Resultados: O presente estudo apontou como resultado o pensamento de Luigi Ferrajoli, autor florentino, a respeito do direito e da razão na diminuição do poder do Estado e na perspectiva de uma maior proteção à pessoa, por meio de um máximo de construção de garantias e direitos fundamentais, na perspectiva da elevação do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana. Contribuições: A principal contribuição deste estudo é enaltecer o modelo de Estado defendido na teoria de Luigi Ferrajoli como detentor do poder, porém, atrelado ao dever de abstenção da proteção positiva em favor da pessoa. Ainda, o contributo deste artigo é sobressair a soberania popular por meio da legitimação dos representantes via eleição periódica com pluralismo de opções e submissão dos governantes à lei e à Constituição, a fim de preservá-la, mas também de conferir tutela de direitos e garantias individuais e sociais dos seus destinatários. Palavras-chave: Dignidade da pessoa humana; direitos fundamentais; direitos da personalidade; garantismo; democracia. RESUMEN Objetivo: El objetivo de este artículo es pensar en el constitucionalismo basado en la actividad de la ponderación y garantía del poder judicial, con el objetivo de alcanzar el Estado legal para el derecho democrático y social, a través del análisis de la teoría de la garantía legal de Luigi Ferrajoli. Metodología: El método utilizado es el deductivo a través de una evaluación doctrinal de la literatura legal nacional y extranjera con respecto a los conceptos de dignidad, constitucionalismo, ponderación y garantía. Resultados: El presente estudio señaló, como resultado, el pensamiento de Luigi Ferrajoli, un autor florentino, sobre el derecho y la razón en la disminución del poder del Estado y en la perspectiva de una mayor protección de la persona, a través de un máximo de construcción de garantías y derechos fundamentales, con vistas a elevar el principio de dignidad humana. Contribuciones:La principal contribución de este estudio es resaltar el modelo de Estado defendido en la teoría de Luigi Ferrajoli como titular del poder, sin embargo, vinculado al deber de abstenerse de una protección positiva a favor de la persona.  Aún así, la contribución de este artículo es destacar la soberanía popular a través de la legitimación de los representantes a través de elecciones periódicas con pluralismo de opciones y sumisión de los gobernadores a la ley y la Constitución, para preservarla, pero también para conferir protección de derechos y garantías individuales y sociales de sus destinatarios. Palabras clave: Dignidad de la persona humana; derechos fundamentales; derechos de personalidad; garantismo; democracia. ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this paper is to think about constitutionalism based on the activity of balancing and guaranteeing of judiciary, aiming to reach the legal State for the democratic and social law, through the analysis of Luigi Ferrajoli's theory of legal guarantee. Methodology: The method used is the deductive one through a doctrinal assessment of national and foreign legal literature regarding concepts of dignity, constitutionalism, balancingn and guarantee. Results: The present study pointed out, as a result, the thought of Luigi Ferrajoli, a Florentine author, regarding the right and reason in the decrease of the State's power and in the perspective of greater protection to the person, through a maximum of construction of guarantees and fundamental rights, with a view to raising the principle of human dignity. Contributions: The main contribution of this study is to highlight the State model defended in Luigi Ferrajoli's theory as the holder of power, however, linked to the duty to abstain from positive protection in favor of the person. Still, the contribution of this article is to highlight the popular sovereignty through the legitimation of the representatives through periodic election with pluralism of options and submission of the governors to the law and the Constitution, in order to preserve it, but also to confer protection of individual and social rights and guarantees of its recipients. Keywords: Human dignity; fundamental rights; personality rights; guarantee; democracy.

Drawing the Line between Dismissal for Alcoholism (Incapacity) and Dismissal for Drunkenness (Misconduct). Are the Boni Mores Compromised?

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Thandekile Phulu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Labour Practice ◽  
The Republic

In South Africa employees are protected by various pieces of legislation. Section 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 provides for a right to fair labour practice. In its preamble the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (hereafter referred to as the LRA) states that the purpose of the Act is to advance economic development, social justice, labour peace and democratisation of the workplace. The LRA also states that one of its objectives is to give effect to and regulate the fundamental rights conferred by section 27 of the Constitution. The Occupational Health and Safety Act as amended by the Occupational Health and Safety Amendment Act 181 of 1993 provides for the health and safety of persons at work and for the health and safety of persons in connection with the use of plant and machinery. The LRA provides for dismissal for incapacity and dismissals for misconduct. It also differentiates between the two. The LRA provides for both substantive and procedural fairness when dismissing an employee for incapacity and misconduct. This paper will examine the rationale behind differentiating between dismissal for drunkenness and dismissal for alcoholism.

Embracing multiculturalism of Canada: the roots & the present-day realities

2017 ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Valentyna Bohatyrets
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Digital Diplomacy ◽  
Equality And Diversity

The paper provides the framework for embracing multiculturalism as a source of national identity, a political ‘profession de foi’, and an engine for a government to gain positive outcomes, leading to better immigrant integration and economic advantages for any country in the world. Noteworthy, Canadian federal policy of multiculturalism, since its official adoption in 1971, is witnessed to work stunningly and in contrast to developments elsewhere – in Canada, public support for multiculturalism is seeing unprecedented growth. Currently, the diversity of the Canadian populace is increasing faster than at any time in its history; Canada’s ethnic makeup has notably altered over the time due to changing immigration patterns. According to the latest poll findings, 84% of Canadians agree with the statement that ‘Canada’s multicultural makeup is one of the best things about this country’; 61% of Canadians believe multiculturalism ‘strengthens national identity’. Moreover, released data from Environics reveals that 27% of Canadians believe ‘multiculturalism is the one characteristic about Canada that most deserves to be celebrated on its upcoming 150thanniversary. Undeniably, people around the world tend to view Canada as “good”. Importantly, the election of Justin Trudeau is viewed as an excellent opportunity to invigorate brand Canada. Noteworthy, brand Justin Trudeau is currently composed of his belief in and promotion of the values of tolerance, equality and diversity. While recognizing the value for society of the human dignity inherent in each individual, Trudeau’s government aims to push beyond mere tolerance to mutual understanding and respect. Keywords: Multiculturalism of Canada, immigration, digital diplomacy, brand, national identity, poll, ethnic groups

Diversity and Harmonisation. Trends and Challenges in European Health Law

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette Hartlev
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
The Other ◽  
Health Law ◽  
European Level ◽  
Patients Rights ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
European Health ◽  
The One ◽  
Fundamental Values

AbstractEuropean countries share a number of fundamental values and ideas, but when it comes to the organisation of health care sectors and attitudes to basic patients’ rights, there are also vast differences. Consequently, at the European level health law has to balance between the aspiration for uniformity and universal respect for fundamental rights on the one hand, and acceptance of national diversity on the other. The aim of the article is to characterise European health law in terms of both divergence and harmonisation, and to explore the tension between these two features in light of current trends and challenges.

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